Image Biret.JPG thumb A traditional black biretta File Bonete Sammlung Philippi.JPG thumb The Spanish version of the biretta The Philippi Collection The biretta L. biretum, birretum is a square cap with three or four peaks or horns, sometimes surmounted by a tuft. Traditionally the three peaked biretta .... The four peaked biretta is is worn as academic dress by those holding doctoral degrees from a pontifical faculty or pontifical university. Occasionally the biretta is worn by advocates in law courts, for instance the Advocates in the Channel Islands . The origins of the biretta are uncertain but is mentioned ... universities. The biretta seems to have become a more widely used as an ecclesiastical vestment ... The tuft or pom sometimes seen on the biretta was added later the earliest forms of the biretta did not bear the device. Liturgical biretta Image Procession of the Precious Blood of Jesus Christ Bruges ... color amaranth biretta The biretta is used by all ranks of the clergy from Cardinal Catholicism cardinals ... the biretta. The biretta of a bishop is Amaranth color amaranth in color, while those worn by priests, deacons, and seminarians are black. The Pope does not make use of the biretta, instead ... positions within the Vatican wear a black biretta with red pom, diocesan priests and deacons wear a black biretta with or without a black pom. It is often asserted that seminarians are only entitled to wear a biretta without a pom pom, but there would seem to be no formal ruling on this point. Priests ... hood took the place of the biretta. Canons Regula r generally do for instance the canons of the Premonstratensians Order of Pr montr wear a white biretta. Clerks Regular that is, post Renaissance religious ... generally wear a black biretta with no tuft. Other priests who belong to various forms of community ..., but without a pom. The liturgical biretta has three peaks, with the peak less corner worn on the left ... origin. ref CathEncy wstitle Biretta author Herbert Thurston ref The use of the biretta has ... more details
Biretta Peak coor dm 73 4 S 163 12 E is a small Summit topography peak 2,530 m on the east side of Pain Mesa in the Mesa Range , Victoria Land . Named by the northern party of New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition NZGSAE , 1962 63, from its resemblance to the square cap worn by Roman Catholic and some Anglican clerics. usgs gazetteer Category Mountains of Antarctica EAntarctica geo stub ... more details
Bereta may refer to Barats and Bereta , American sketch comedy group Georges Bereta , French football player See also Beretta also the Chevrolet Beretta Baretta Biretta disambig de Bereta fr Bereta ... more details
Beretta is a major Italian firearm manufacturing company. Beretta may also refer to Ann Beretta Antonio Beretta Daniel Beretta F bio Beretta Gianna Beretta Molla Mario Beretta Mark Beretta Olivier Beretta See also Baretta Bereta disambiguation Beretta s Island Biretta Chevrolet Beretta Surname Beretta fr Beretta homonymie ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 gallery gallery The Philippines has produced six Cardinals since the time of Pope John XXIII . Rufino Jiao Santos Born 28 August 1908, Guagua, Pampanga Guagua , Pampanga Died 3 September 1973, Manila Metropolitan See Manila Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 28, 1960. Received the red hat and the title of S. Maria ai Monti , March 31, 1960 From Pope John XXIII Julio Rosales y Ras Born 18 September 1906, Calbayog City Calbayog , Samar province Samar Died 2 June 1983, Cebu City Cebu Metropolitan See Cebu Created cardinal priest in the consistory of April 28, 1969. Received the red biretta and the title of Sacro Cuore di Ges a Vitinia , April 30, 1969 From Pope Paul VI Jaime Sin Jaime Lachica Sin Born 31 August 1928, New Washington, Aklan New Washington , Aklan Died 21 June 2005, San Juan Metropolitan See Manila Created cardinal priest in the consistory of May 24, 1976. Received the red biretta and the title of S. Maria ai Monti , May 24, 1976 From Pope Paul VI Ricardo Vidal Ricardo Jamin Vidal Born Birth date and age 1931 02 06 , Mogpog, Marinduque Mogpog , Marinduque Metropolitan See Cebu Created cardinal priest in the consistory of May 25, 1985. Received the red biretta and the title of Ss. Pietro e Paolo a Via Ostiense , May 25, 1985 From Pope John Paul II Jose Tomas Sanchez Born Birth date and age 1920 3 17 , Pandan, Catanduanes Pandan , Catanduanes Roman Curia Prefect Emeritus Congregation for the Clergy Created cardinal deacon in the consistory of June 28, 1991. Received the red biretta and the deaconry of S. Pio V a Villa Carpegna , June 28, 1991 From Pope John Paul II S. Pio V a Villa Carpegna raised pro hac vice and Cardinal Priest in 2002 Gaudencio Rosales Gaudencio Borbon Rosales Born Birth date and age 1932 8 10 mf y , Batangas City Metropolitan See Manila Created cardinal priest in the consistory of March 24, 2006. Received the red hat biretta and Titolo del Santissimo Nome di Maria in Via Latina , March 24 ... more details
Orphan date November 2010 Mills Valley coor dm 73 6 S 163 12 E is an ice filled valley indenting the east side of Pain Mesa between Biretta Peak and Diversion Hills , in the Mesa Range , Victoria Land . Mapped by United States Geological Survey USGS from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1960 64. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names US ACAN for Commander Norman J. Mills , U.S. Navy Reserve , officer in charge of the Detachment A winter party at McMurdo Station , 1967. usgs gazetteer Category Valleys of Antarctica EAntarctica geo stub ... more details
Image William Laud.jpg thumb The Right Honourable William Laud , Archbishop of Canterbury , wearing a Canterbury cap. The Canterbury cap is a square cloth hat with sharp corners found in the Anglican communion , similar to the Counter Reformation s biretta , the notable exception being that a Canterbury cap has four ridges, compared to the biretta s three. It is also soft and foldable, whereas the biretta is rigid. The Canterbury cap is the medieval birettum, descended from the ancient Pileus hat pileus headcovering. It is sometimes called the catercap. Image Richard Bancroft.png thumb left Archbishop Richard Bancroft in Canterbury cap. A similar cap called the Oxford soft cap is worn today as part of academic dress by some women undergraduate s at Oxford University instead of the mortarboard . It has a flap at the back which is held up with buttons unlike the Canterbury cap. The Tudor bonnet is also a similar academic cap worn by a person who holds a doctorate . In the Anglican Church, clergy are entitled to wear the cap. Priest s and deacon s wear a black version of the headgear bishop s purple. References cite book last Philippi first Dieter title Sammlung Philippi Kopfbedeckungen in Glaube, Religion und Spiritualit t, year 2009 publisher St. Benno Verlag, Leipzig isbn 978 3 7462 2800 6 See also The Philippi Collection External links http www.dieter philippi.de mydante 1479.html Pictures of Canterbury cap and other clerical headgear de icon Anglican stub christian vestment stub Category Anglican vestments Category Hats ... more details
Summary 1896 photograph depicts John Joseph Jessing , pioneer German American Roman Catholic founder of the Pontifical College Josephinum wearing his monsignor s cassock, sash, and biretta, along with his military medals from his years of service in the strict Prussian army in which he was decorated for bravery in combat during an attack on a Danish fort. Pope Leo XIII named Father John Joseph Jessing a domestic prelate with the title monsignor in June 1896. Source Ohio Memory On Line History project Public Domain URL http worlddmc.ohiolink.edu OMP NewDetails?oid 1025618&fieldname xml&results 10&sort title&searchstatus 1&hits 33&searchmark 0&searchstring john joseph jessing&searchtype kw&format list&count 5 Licensing PD old 100 Category Servants of God ... more details
File BenedettoXVIcamauro.JPG thumb right Pope Benedict XVI wearing a camauro File Camauro Weiss Sammlung Philippi.JPG thumb White camauro, worn during the Octave of Easter A camauro from the Latin camelaucum , from Greek language Greek kamelauchion , meaning camel skin hat is a cap traditionally worn by the Pope of the Catholic Church . Papal camauros are of red wool or velvet with white Stoat Stoats and humans ermine trim and are worn, usually in winter, in place of the zucchetto , which in turn takes the place of the biretta worn by other members of the clergy. Like the biretta worn by lower clergy and the mortarboard worn by academia academics , the camauro derives from the academic cap the Pileus hat pileus , originally worn to protect tonsure d clergy clerical heads from the cold. It is often worn with a shoulder winter cloak mozzetta , also sometimes fur lined. The camauro has been part of the papal wardrobe since the 12th century. Until 1464, it was also worn by cardinal Catholicism cardinal s, without the ermine trim from that date, the camauro became exclusively a papal garment and cardinals wore the scarlet biretta instead. The papal camauro fell into disuse after the death of Pope John XXIII in 1963, but it was revived in December 2005 by Pope Benedict XVI . Benedict s wearing the hat prompted comparisons to Santa Claus and Father Christmas in the media ref http news.bbc.co.uk 1 hi world europe 4551348.stm Santa Pope woos Vatican crowds ref St. Nicholas Thaumaturgos , who became the legendary Santa Claus, was bishop of Myra . A camauro was also part of the headdress of the Doge of Venice , worn under the corno ducale or stiff peaked cap. Every Easter Monday the doge headed a procession from Cathedral of San Marco San Marco to the convent of San Zaccaria where the abbess presented him a new linen camauro crafted by the nuns. center gallery cols 5 Image Innocent VII.jpg Pope Innocent VII br small 1404 1406 small Image 09julius.jpg Pope Julius II br small 15 ... more details
Richard Thirkeld b. at Coniscliffe , Durham , England d. at York , 29 May 1583 was an English Roman Catholic priest. He is a Catholic martyr. Life From Queen s College, Oxford , where he was in 1564 5, he went to Reims , where he was ordained priest, 18 April 1579. He left 23 May for the English mission, where he ministered in or about York, and acted as confessor to Margaret Clitheroe . On the eve of the Annunciation, 1583, he was arrested while visiting one of the Catholic prisoners in Ousebridge Kidcote , York. He at once confessed his priesthood, both to the pursuivant s, who arrested him, and to the mayor before whom he was brought, and for the night was lodged in the house of the high sheriff . The next day his trial took place, at which he managed to appear in cassock and biretta . The charge was one of having reconciled the Queen s subjects to the Church of Rome. He was found guilty on 27 May and condemned 28 May. Six of his letters survive, and were summarized by Bede Camm . References reflist Attribution Catholic wstitle Bl. Richard Thirkeld DEFAULTSORT Thirkeld, Richard Category 1583 deaths Category English Roman Catholic priests Category Beatified people Category 16th century venerated Christians Category Year of birth unknown ... more details
19 from our line of sight. ref J A Biretta et al., http www.nature.com nature journal v401 n6756 ... hole , Nature , vol.401, 28 October 1999 pp.891 2 , p. Biretta, W B Sparks, F Maccheitto, http adsabs.harvard.edu ... that the jet is in fact at about 43 to our line of sight. ref Biretta, Zhou, Owen, http esoads.eso.org ... bulk movement in which the jet is embedded. ref Biretta, Sparks, Machetto http esoads.eso.org ... to be some evidence for this. ref See, e.g., J A Biretta et al., http www.nature.com nature journal ... for the Gas Jets ref J A Biretta et al., http www.nature.com nature journal v401 n6756 full 401891a0.html ... , vol.401, 28 October 1999 pp.891 2 , p. Biretta, W B Sparks, F Maccheitto, http adsabs.harvard.edu ... more details
charmeuse ferraiolo, band cincture sash with braided fringe and biretta without pom entirely ..., who also as a Canon Regular, may wear a biretta with pom . In addition to wearing the other ... more details
Unreferenced date April 2010 Jer nimo Xavierre Zaragoza , 1546 Valladolid , September 8, 1608 was a Spain Spanish Dominican Order Dominican theologian. He was born the third son of the seven children of the family Zavierre Perez de Caseda. At the age of 16, he felt called to take the habit of the Dominicans in 1562. After spending ten years in the School and General Study of Tortosa , as a student and then as a professor, he returned to his land towards the end of 1575. In 1578, he was sworn in the position of consultant to the Holy Office in his city. In 1579, he reacived the title of Presented in Sacred Theology. From 1581, he was University Professor of Theology and worked untiringly for the definitive institutionalization of the University of Zaragoza . During the following years, he alternated his university work with the charge of prior of the preachers of Zaragoza. He also collaborated directly to the foundation of the School of Saint Vincent Ferrer . In 1600, he was elected provincial prior of Aragon , but the following year he was elected master general of his order. He worked as a trainer and reformer in the religious life, did theological work on the question of de auxiliis , promoted the Order in the West Indies , and propulsor of the liturgy and the history of the Order. On December 10, 1607, he received the cardinal Catholicism cardinal s hat, but never went to Rome to receive the red biretta and the title. DEFAULTSORT Xavierre, Jeronimo Category 1546 births Category 1608 deaths Category Spanish cardinals Category Spanish Roman Catholics Category Members of the Dominican Order de Jer nimo Xavierre fr Jer nimo Xavierre it Jer nimo Xavierre pt Jer nimo Xavierre ... more details
22, 1965. During the ceremony, Pope Paul accidentally bestowed the biretta of Lawrence Shehan on Dante, causing the biretta to fall over his ears. ref Commonweal. http www.encyclopedia.com doc ... more details
Maria del Popolo in the consistory of December 15, 1919. He received his Biretta cardinalatial biretta from Alfonso XIII of Spain King Alphonse XIII on December 25 Christmas Day of that same year ... more details
unref article date February 2008 about the type of headgear Cap disambiguation A cap is a form of headgear . Caps have crowns that fit very close to the head and have no brim or only a visor . They are typically designed for warmth and, when including a visor, blocking sunlight from the eyes. They come in many shapes and sizes. Types of caps Image Texas Tech Red Raiders baseball cap.jpg thumb right Rendering of a baseball cap. Image Celtics cap.png thumb Boston Celtics cap Image Deutsche Feldm tze.jpg thumb German M43 style field cap of the Bundesgrenzschutz BGS , the German Federal Police Ascot cap Ayam cap Ayam Balmoral bonnet Balmoral Baseball cap Beanie Beret Biretta Cap of Maintenance Casquette Caubeen Coif Combination cap also known as a service cap Cricket cap Do rag Dutch cap Engineer cap Fez hat Fez Fiddler cap also known as a Dutch boy hat Fitted cap Flat cap Forage cap Gandhi cap Garrison cap Glengarry Greek fisherman s cap Cap sport International cap John Lennon hat John Lennon cap Juliet cap Kepi hat Kepi Kippah also known as yarmulke Kufi also known as a kofia an African cap worn with a dashiki Muir cap Newsboy cap Nightcap headgear Nightcap Nurse cap Patrol cap Peaked cap Rastacap Sailor cap Shako Sindhi topi Square academic cap Tam o Shanter cap Tam o Shanter Taqiyah cap Taqiyah , worn by Muslim males Trucker hat Tubeteika Tuque or stocking cap, wool cap, watch cap, ski cap Ushanka Utility cover Welder s cap Yachting cap Zucchetto See also List of headgear Bonnet headgear Bonnet , until about 1700 the usual word for brimless male headgear. External links http www.hatsuk.com skullcaps.pdf My Kingdom for a Crown An Around the World History of the Skullcap and its Modern Socio Political Significance , by Reverend Antonio Hernandez pdf a thorough history of the skullcap , with chapters on the yarmulke and the beanie among others. Clothing Category Caps Category Headgear ca Gorra de M tze es Gorra eo apo eu Txota fr Casquette io Kasketo nl Pet hoofddekse ... more details
The Padroado Portuguese language Portuguese patronage , was an arrangement between the Holy See and the kingdom and later republic of Portugal , affirmed by a series of treaties, by which the Vatican delegated to the kings of Spain and Portugal the administration of the local Churches. At various times the system was called Padroado Real Royal patronage , Padroado Ultramarino Portugu s Portuguese Overseas Patronage and, since 1911 following the Portuguese Law on the Separation of Church and State , Padroado Portugu s do Oriente, Portuguese Patronage of the East . The system ended in 1999 with the end of the History of Macau Portuguese control of Macau . History The kings ordered the construction of churches and nominated pastors and bishops. Thus, the structure of the kingdoms of Portugal and Spain had both religious and political dimensions. Under the Padroado many of the characteristic activities of the Catholic Church were functions of powerful politicians. The Inquisition functioned more to determine secular politics than its genuine religious function. The Padroado was modified over time, but its last vestiges were not suppressed until the Second Vatican Council . For example, until this council, it was the Head of Portuguese State which bestowed the Cardinal Catholicism cardinal s red biretta on the Patriarch of Lisbon . Historically, this system caused some problems, especially in the years leading up to the Second Vatican Council. An example was the island state of Singapore , where the Portuguese mission, under the Padroado, operated Saint Joseph s Church, Singapore Saint Joseph s Church independently of the Roman Catholic Mission and later the Archdiocese of Singapore . This led to a situation of dual ecclesiastical administration. The situation had to eventually be resolved via a diplomatic settlement between the governments of Portugal and the Holy See. This was in line with the Second Vatican Council, in which the Holy See actively asked governments to ... more details
is a bishop , Cardinal RC cardinal , or canon priest canon , and the biretta though in practice ... over the rochet, and a purple zucchetto under the biretta. A Cardinal Catholicism cardinal ... the waist , and zucchetto . Formal house dress may include additionally the biretta and ferraiuolo ... clergy some prefer the biretta see below or mortar board . Neither is widely worn, although the cap ... choir dress of a more Roman Catholic style, including a shorter surplice or cotta and biretta , excluding ... more details
Louis Albert Vachon , Order of Canada CC , National Order of Quebec OQ February 4, 1912 &ndash September 29, 2006 was a Canada Canadian educator, Cardinal Catholicism cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, and Archbishop Emeritus of Quebec . He became a cardinal on May 25, 1985. Vachon was born and raised in Saint Fr d ric, Quebec , one of a family of six. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from the Minor Seminary of Quebec in 1934 and studied theology at the Major Seminary of Quebec before being ordained by Jean Marie Rodrigue Villeneuve Jean Marie Rodrigue Cardinal Villeneuve on June 11, 1938. He then attended Universit Laval , graduating in 1941 with a Ph.D. in philosophy . He taught philosophy at Universit Laval from 1941 to 1947, then began studies at the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas Angelicum Pontifical Athenaeum Angelicum in Rome , Italy , where he was awarded a doctorate degree in theology in 1949. Father Vachon returned to Quebec in 1949 to take up the position of Professor of Theology, a position he held from 1949 to 1955. In that year he was nominated as Rector of the Grand Seminary of Quebec and vice rector of the Universit Laval. In 1958 he was appointed Domestic Prelate of His Holiness under Pope John XXIII , a title that gave Vachon the rank and style of monsignor . In 1960 Vachon was asked to assume the position of rector of the University of Laval he held this position until 1972. He served in various positions with the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quebec until he was elected Titular Bishop of Mesarfelta and appointed Auxiliary of Quebec on April 4, 1977. He was consecrated on May 14 of that year in Quebec. Vachon was elected Bishop of Quebec on March 20, 1981, on the retirement of the previous bishop, Maurice Roy Maurice Cardinal Roy , and created Cardinal Priest by Pope John Paul II in the consistory of May 25, 1985. He received the red biretta and the title of San Paolo della Croce a Corviale on that day. infobox cardinalstyle ... more details
Baronius Press is a traditional Roman Catholic Church Catholic book publisher with headquarters in London , England . It was founded in Glasgow , Scotland in 2003 by former Saint Austin Press St Austin Press editor, Ashley Paver and other young Catholics who had previously worked in publishing and printing. ref http www.glasgowonline.co.uk info 2525 Glasgow Online ref The press takes its name from the Venerable Cardinal Cesare Baronius, a Naples Neapolitan ecclesiastical historian who lived from 1538 to 1607. Its logo is a biretta , which together with a cassock forms the traditional image of a Catholic priest. The original objective of Baronius Press was to raise the quality of traditional Catholic books in order to make them more appealing to a wider audience. Baronius Press aimed to achieve this goal by retypesetting classic Catholic books rather than republishing facsimiles , and binding them using high quality coverings such as leather. The advantages of retypesetting are clearer text and the ability to use modern layouts. ref name baroniuspress.com http www.baroniuspress.com ref However a few errors have crept into their books as a result. The first publication of the Baronius Press was a new edition of the Douay Rheims Bible . This was significant because no digitally typeset edition had been previously released. A pocket edition and a Psalms and New Testament edition followed, and in 2007 a giant size format was added to the range. ref name baroniuspress.com In 2008 their range of Bibles was expanded by a parallel Douay Rheims Clementine Vulgate , which included the appendix to the Old Testament which contained 3 & 4 Esdras and the Prayer of Manassah. In 2004 Baronius Press published a new 1962 missal in cooperation with the Priestly Fraternity of St Peter , with an imprimatur from Fabian Bruskewitz Bishop Fabian Wendelin Bruskewitz , for use at the Tridentine Mass traditional Roman mass . This was the first missal intended for use at the traditional mass wi ... more details
File Claude Canizares, March 2009.jpg thumb Claude R. Canizares Claude R. Canizares is the Bruno Rossi Professor of Physics at MIT . He is also an associate provost at MIT and associate director for MIT of the Chandra X Ray Observatory Center . Academic career Prof. Canizares earned his B.A., M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in Physics from Harvard University . He came to MIT as a postdoctoral fellow in 1971 and joined the physics faculty in 1974. In 1984, he was made a full professor. From 1990 to 2002, Prof. Canizares was the director of MIT s Center for Space Research now known as the MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research . In 2002, he was appointed associate provost. Canizares is the principal investigator for the Chandra X ray Observatory s High Resolution Transmission Grating Spectrometer instrument. Selected publications Prof. Canizares is the author or co author of more than 170 scientific papers. Simulating the X ray Forest T Fang, GL Bryan, and C.R. Canizares br ApJ 564, 604 2002 The High Resolution X ray Spectrum of SS 433 using the Chandra HETGS H.L Marshall, C.R. Canizares and N.S. Schulz br ApJ 564, 941 952 2002 A High Resolution X ray Image of the Jet in M 87 H.L. Marshall, B.P. Miller, D.S. Davis, E.S. Perlman, M. Wise, C.R. Canizares, D.E. Harris, J.A. Biretta br Ap.J. 564 683 687 2002 Chandra Observation of the Quasar H 1821 643 and its Surrounding Cluster T. Fang, D S. Davis, J.C. Lee, H.L. Marshall, G.L. Bryan, C.R.Canizares br ApJ 565 86 95 2002 The First High Resolution X ray Spectrum of Cyg X 1 Soft X Ray Ionization and Absorption N.S. Schulz, W. Cui, C.R. Canizares, H.L. Marshall, J.C. Lee, J.M. Miller, W.H.G. Lewin br Ap.J. 565 1141 1149 2002 A Chandra High Energy Transition Grating Spectrometer Observation of the Quasar H1821 643 and Its Surrounding Cluster T. Fang, D.S. Davis, J.C. Lee, H.L. Marshall, C.R. Canizares br Ap.J 565 86 95 2002 Resolving the Composite Fe K alpha Emission Line in the Galactic Black Hole Cygnus X 1 with Ch ... more details
Orphan date October 2008 The March 2006 Consistory was held on the 24th March 2006 , and was the first consistory where Pope Benedict XVI created new cardinals. The announcement was made on the 22nd February that fifteen new cardinals would be created that year. 12 of them are under 80 years old, which is the age limit for participating in a Papal conclave conclave . This means that Benedict XVI has decided to continue with the tradition of having 120 cardinals, which was previously the practice, but had been discontinued by John Paul II . During the consistory, fifteen red cardinals hats were taken in a ceremony in St. Peter s Square . After the liturgical prayers and Pope s address, the candidates kneeled before the Pope s biretta and took their cardinal titles. This was followed by prayers of thanksgiving , intercession , the Lord s Prayer , and other prayers. Three of the cardinals belong to the Roman Curia , and nine others lead Diocese bishopric s. The fifteen new cardinals come from eleven different countries. One of the cardinals who took part in the consistory, Father Albert Vanhoye , is not a bishop. Benedict XVI has followed tradition by naming a foremost theology theologian in the consistory. The Pope can choose whether or not to ordain the candidate as bishop. The two others are emeritus bishops. class wikitable border 1 cellpadding 2 bgcolor dda0dd Name bgcolor dda0dd Born died bgcolor dda0dd Country bgcolor dda0dd Other information William Joseph Levada 1936 &ndash USA Prefect of Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith Franc Rod Vincentinians C.M. 1934 &ndash Slovenia Prefect of Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life Agostino Vallini 1940 &ndash Italy Prefect of Apostolic Signatura Jorge Urosa 1942 &ndash Venezuela Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Valencia in Venezuela Archbishop of Valencia in Venezuela Gaudencio B. Rosales 1932 &ndash The Philippines Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila Archbishop of Manila ... more details
John Purchas , born at Cambridge , 14 July 1823 died at Brighton , 18 October 1872 , was an author and a priest of Church of England who was prosecuted for Ritualist practices. He received his education at Bury St Edmunds, Rugby School and Christ s College, Cambridge B.A., 1844 M.A., 1847 . ref Venn id PRCS840J name Purchas, John ref He was curate of Elsworth , Cambridgeshire , 1851 53, of Orwell, Cambridgeshire Orwell in the same county, 1856 59, and of St. Paul s, Brighton , 1861 66 and perpetual curate of St. James Chapel, Brighton , after 1866. Prosecution for Ritualism His curacy in St. James is significant because of the direct contribution which was made through it to the controversy concerning ritualism in the Anglican church. Purchas introduced the use of vestments such as the cope , chasuble , alb , biretta , etc., and used lighted candles on the altar, crucifix es, images, and holy water , together with procession s, incense , and the like. On 27 November 1869, he was accordingly charged before the Court of Arches with infringing the law of the established church he did not appear to answer, giving as reasons his poverty, which prevented him from securing legal assistance, and ill health. Decision was rendered against him on 3 February 1870, but in terms which did not please Col. Charles James Elphinstone, who had brought the suit. The latter appealed for a fuller condemnation, which was eventually obtained on 16 May 1871, the decision going against Purchas in all points. Purchas had put his property out of his hands, and so could not be made to pay costs moreover, he did not discontinue the illegal practises, and was suspended for twelve months but in spite of this he continued his services until his death. The decision caused a controversy which extended over a considerable period and involved the leaders in the Anglican church. Purchas writings Purchas most important literary achievement was the editing of Directorium Anglicanum being a Manual of Direc ... more details
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