Arvirargus or Arviragus was a legendary, and possibly historical, British king of the 1st century AD. A shadowy historical Arviragus is known only from a cryptic reference in a satirical poem by Juvenal , in which a giant turbot presented to the Roman emperor Domitian AD 81 96 is said to be an omen that you will capture some king, or Arviragus will fall from his British chariot pole . ref Juvenal, Satires of Juvenal Satire IV Satire IV , http www.thelatinlibrary.com juvenal 4.shtml .126 127 ref Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae 1136 presents a legendary Arviragus who is contemporary with the emperor Claudius AD 41 54 . ref Geoffrey of Monmouth , Historia Regum Britanniae Wikisource History of the Kings of Britain Book 4 12 4.12 17 ref ref Geoffrey of Monmouth. The History of the Kings ... historical fact, rendering his account of Arvirargus suspect. According to Geoffrey, Arvirargus ... and his commander, Hamo , have fled into the woods, Arvirargus follows him until they reach the coast ... it falls to his forces. Following Hamo s death, Arvirargus seeks refuge at Winchester, Hampshire Winchester ..., Claudius offers Arvirargus his own daughter in marriage. They accept each other s terms and Arvirargus aids Claudius in subduing Orkney and other northern lands. In the following spring, Arvirargus ..., Claudius leaves Britain in the control of Arvirargus. In the years following Claudius departure, Arvirargus rebuilds the cities that have been ruined and becomes feared by his neighbours. This causes ... the city. Arvirargus meets him in battle there and the fight is stalemated. The following morning, Queen Genvissa mediates peace between the two foes. Vespasian returns to Rome and Arvirargus rules the country ... built with Claudius. He is succeeded by his son, Marius of Britain Marius . Geoffrey s legendary Arvirargus ... Gwydr. ref Acton Griscom 1929 , The Historiae Regum Britanniae of Geoffrey of Monmouth ref Arvirargus ... Category 1st century monarchs in Europe de Arvirargus es Argiragus fr Arvirargus it Arvirargo nl Arvirargus ... more details
Venissa Genissa , Genvissa , Genuissa , according to Geoffrey of Monmouth s 12th century Historia Regum Britanniae , was a daughter of the Roman Emperors Roman Emperor Claudius , whom he gave in marriage to the British king Arvirargus once he had submitted to Rome. According to Geoffrey s account she was very beautiful, and so enchanted Arvirargus that he preferred her company to anyone else s. He founded Gloucester , supposedly named after Claudius, in her honour. When Arvirargus fell out with Rome and Vespasian was sent to enforce a reconciliation, Venissa acted as mediator between them. ref Geoffrey of Monmouth , Historia Regum Britanniae s History of the Kings of Britain Book 4 15 4.15 16 ref Venissa cannot be considered historical. She is not mentioned in authentic Roman history her supposed husband Arvirargus is known only from a cryptic reference in a 2nd century satirical poem by Juvenal and it is in any case inconceivable that a daughter, even an illegitimate daughter, of a Roman emperor could be given in marriage to a barbarian without attracting comment. Original research date March 2011 Nonetheless, she and her husband, identified with the historical Caratacus , appear in many uncritical genealogies originating in the Tudor period . References reflist Category British traditional history es Venissa ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Marius was a legendary king of the Britons historical Britons during the time of the Roman Empire Roman occupation of Roman Britain Britain , as recounted in Geoffrey of Monmouth s pseudohistorical Historia Regum Britanniae . He was the son of King Arvirargus and ruled following his father s death. According to Geoffrey, he ruled wisely in the time when the Picts first came to Britain. A fleet of ships under the leadership of Sodric came from Scythia and landed in Alba ny. Once there, they began to destroy the lands and Marius was forced to react. Following numerous battles, Marius killed Sodric and set up a stone there to remember that triumph. In addition, that land became known as Westmorland after him. In respect for the people he defeated, he gave them a small portion of Albany called Caithness to live in. Marius refused, however, to give them women to marry so the Picts fled to Ireland and took wives there. Marius established close ties with Rome and good diplomacy through tribute and respect of the Roman citizens in Britain. He followed the laws of his ancestors and ruled justly. When he died, he was succeeded by his son, Coilus . Start box Succession box before Arvirargus title List of legendary kings of Britain Mythical British Kings after Coilus years End box DEFAULTSORT Marius Of Britain Category British traditional history Category 1st century monarchs in Europe it Mario di Britannia nl Marius koning van Brittanni ... more details
Guiderius Welsh language Welsh Gwydr is a legendary British king according Geoffrey of Monmouth s Historia Regum Britanniae History of the Kings of Britain and related texts. He can probably be identified as deriving from the historical Togodumnus . The eldest son of Cunobelinus Cymbeline , he succeeds his father to the kingship of Britain. Cymbeline had voluntarily paid tribute to Ancient Rome Rome , but Guiderius refused to pay it. The Roman emperor emperor Claudius responded by Roman conquest of Britain invading . Claudius and his chief of staff, Lelius Hamo, landed at Portchester , entrenching themselves there while besieging the city. Guiderius conscripted all the men of Britain against Claudius and marched south to meet him in battle. The Britons clashed with the Romans and succeeded so well that the Roman army began retreating to their ships. Hamo, though, took on British armour and began attacking his own army, urging the Britons to do likewise. Because of this, Hamo was able to get close enough to Guiderius to strike him. Guiderius died then or soon after and was succeeded by his brother Arvirargus , who took over as king during the battle. References small Geoffrey of Monmouth , Historia Regum Britanniae s History of the Kings of Britain Book 4 12 4.12 13 small start box succession box before Cunobelinus Cymbeline title List of legendary kings of Britain Mythical British Kings after Arvirargus years end box Category British traditional history Category 1st century monarchs in Europe ... more details
, not out of requirement. He had two sons, Guiderius and Arvirargus . Guiderius succeeded him, but died in the early stages of Claudius s invasion, leaving Arvirargus to carry on the fight. ref Geoffrey ... more details
lead too short date September 2010 Infobox royalty monarch name Caratacus Caractacus title King of the Britons br King of the Catuvellauni image CaractacusClaudius.jpg caption Caractacus before the Emperor Claudius at Rome , 18th century print by an unknown artist British Museum . succession King of the Catuvellauni reign 1st century, to c.50 AD predecessor Epaticcus successor None Catuvellauni territory conquered by Claudius Bold text native lang1 British language Celtic Brythonic native lang1 name1 Carat cos mother Unknown date of birth c. 10 AD ? place of birth Probably in br Catuvellauni territory date of death After c. 50 AD place of death Rome Caratacus British language Celtic Brythonic Carat cos , Ancient Greek Greek variants Latin language Latin Caractacus , Greek was a historical British Iron Age British chieftain of the Catuvellauni tribe, who led the British resistance to the Roman conquest. He was sentenced to death as a military prisoner, but made a speech before his execution that caused the Emperor, Claudius to spare him. The legendary Welsh mythology Welsh character Caradog ap Bran and the legendary British king Arvirargus may be based upon Caratacus. History Claudian Invasion Caratacus is named by Dio Cassius as a son of the Catuvellaunian king Cunobelinus . ref Dio Cassius , trans Earnest Cary, Roman History http penelope.uchicago.edu Thayer E Roman Texts Cassius Dio 60 .html 19 60 19 22 ref Based on coin distribution Caratacus appears to have been the prot g of his uncle Epaticcus , who expanded Catuvellaunian power westwards into the territory of the Atrebates . ref John Creighton, Coins and power in Late Iron Age Britain , Cambridge University Press, 2000 Philip de Jersey 1996 , Celtic Coinage in Britain , Shire Archaeology ref After Epaticcus died ca. 35, the Atrebates, under Verica , regained some of their territory, but it appears Caratacus completed the conquest, as Dio tells us Verica was ousted, fled to Ancient Rome Rom ... more details
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