No footnotes date February 2008 Expert subject Psychology date June 2010 Apophenia is the experience of seeing meaningful patterns or connections in random or meaningless data. The term was coined in 1958 by Klaus Conrad psychiatrist Klaus Conrad , ref Brugger, Peter. From Haunted Brain to Haunted Science A Cognitive Neuroscience View of Paranormal and Pseudoscientific Thought, Hauntings and Poltergeists Multidisciplinary Perspectives, edited by J. Houran and R. Lange North Carolina McFarland & Company McFarland & Company, Inc. Publishers , 2001 . ref who defined it as the unmotivated seeing of connections accompanied by a specific experience of an abnormal meaningfulness. In statistics , apophenia would be classed as a type I and type II errors type I error false positive, false alarm, caused by an excess in sensitivity analysis sensitivity . Citation needed date June 2010 Conrad originally described this phenomenon in relation to the distortion of reality present in psychosis , but it has become more widely used to describe this tendency in healthy individuals without necessarily implying .... Pareidolia Main Pareidolia Pareidolia is a type of apophenia involving the finding of images ... novelists and film makers have reflected on apophenia related phenomena, such as paranoid narration ... is accused of suffering from apophenia in the episode Double Date, ref http www.imdb.com title ... him. Joker attributes this to apophenia, saying that he has literally been driven insane by this alone ... instruments for structuring reality, there is some common ground between apophenia and narrative ... attempting to diagnose or identify apophenia may have to face a conflict of interpretation ... . New York G. P. Putnam s Sons , 2003. External links Wiktionary apophenia http skepdic.com apophenia.html Skeptic s Dictionary Robert Todd Carroll s article on apophenia http www.dbskeptic.com 2007 11 04 apophenia definition and analysis DBSkeptic Sandra Hubscher s analysis of apophenia Hidden ... more details
Ben Klemens born April 10, 1975 is an Australian American economist and author. He works in the statistical research division of the United States Census and was previously a nonresident fellow at the Brookings Institution s Center on Social and Economic Dynamics. ref http www.brookings.edu experts k klemensb.aspx ref He holds a PhD in Social Sciences from Caltech . ref http ben.klemens.org ref In the realm of statistical computing , Klemens has done extensive work on statistical analysis for large data sets and non traditional models such as agent based model s. He developed an innovative library of statistics functions for C programming language C , named Apophenia, ref http directory.fsf.org project Apophenia ref and has written a textbook on statistical computing, Modeling with Data ref http www.modelingwithdata.org ref . ref http www.sfgate.com cgi bin article.cgi?f c a 2008 02 17 EDR1V0LCD.DTL ref Klemens has also worked on the policy aspects of computing, and in particular the issue of software patents . He has argued in a book entitled Math You Can t Use ref http www.amazon.com Math You Cant Use Copyright dp 0815749422 ref and a http www.bu.edu law central jd organizations journals scitech volume141 documents Klemens.pdf law review article PDF that intangibles such as computer code and mathematics should not be patentable subject matter. ref http www.groklaw.net articlebasic.php?story 20060111223959235 ref Klemens is the executive director of End Software Patents, an advocacy group that has lobbied to eliminating software patents and has organized around the In re Bilski Bilski v. Kappos case that is currently pending before the Supreme Court. ref http endsoftpatents.org ref He is a featured expert in the documentary Patent Absurdity how software patents broke the system 2010 . ref http patentabsurdity.com ref His writings on the subject have appeared in the op ed sections of The Wall Street Journal, the San Francisco Chronicle, The Washington Post , ref htt ... more details
demo CDs Introducing Apophenia 2006 and Cigarette Secrets 2007 Usai and Melis started preproduction ... in music 2008 Demos and EPs Introducing Apophenia 4 songs demo 2006 in music 2006 Cigarette Secrets ... more details
for another movie by a similar name The Number 23 Infobox Film name 23 image 23MovieFrenchDVDCover.jpg caption French DVD Cover for 23 director Hans Christian Schmid producer Jakob Claussen br Thomas W bke writer Hans Christian Schmid br Michael Gutmann br Michael Dierking starring August Diehl br Fabian Busch br Dieter Landuris br Jan Gregor Kremp music Norbert J rgen Schneider distributor Buena Vista International Germany released 1998 runtime 99 minutes country Film Germany language German budget 23 is a 1998 German film about a young Hacker computer security hacker Hagbard Karl Koch Karl Koch , who died on 23 May 1989, a presumed suicide. It was directed by Hans Christian Schmid , who also participated in screenwriting. The title derives from the protagonist s obsession with the number 23 numerology 23 , a phenomenon often described as apophenia . Although the film was well received by critics and audiences, its accuracy has been vocally disputed by some witnesses to the real life events on which it was based. Schmid subsequently co authored a book that tells the story of the making of 23 and also details the differences between the movie and the actual events. ref citation last Schmid first Hans Christian last2 Gutmann first2 Michael lastauthoramp yes title Drei Drehb cher. Nach f nf im Urwald 23 Crazy year 2001 publisher Kiepenheuer & Witsch location Cologne isbn 3 462 03049 3 ref Plot In Germany in the 1980s at the height of the Cold War the 19 year old Hagbard Karl Koch Karl Koch August Diehl finds the world around him threatening and chaotic. Inspired by the fictitious character Hagbard Celine from Robert Anton Wilson s Illuminatus Trilogy , he starts investigating the backgrounds of political and economic power and discovers signs that make him believe in a worldwide Conspiracy theory conspiracy . At a meeting with Hacker computer security hackers , Karl gets to know the student David Fabian Busch . David and Karl are able to hack into the Internet global ... more details
The term hierophany from the Greek language Greek roots hieros , meaning sacred or holy, and phainein meaning to reveal or to bring to light signifies a manifestation of the sacred . It occurs frequently in the works of the religious historian Mircea Eliade as an alternative to the more restrictive term theophany an appearance of a god . ref Shamanism , p. xiii ref Eliade argues that religion is based on a sharp distinction between the sacred God, gods, mythical ancestors, etc. and the profane. ref Patterns in Comparative Religion , p. 1 ref According to Eliade, for traditional man, myths describe breakthroughs of the sacred or the supernatural into the World that is, hierophanies. ref Myth and Reality , p. 6 ref In the hierophanies recorded in myth, the sacred appears in the form of ideal models the actions and commandments of gods, heroes, etc. . By manifesting itself as ideal models, the sacred gives the world value, direction, and purpose The manifestation of the sacred ontologically founds the world . ref The Sacred and the Profane , p. 21 ref According to this view, all things need to imitate or conform to the sacred models established by hierophanies in order to have true reality to traditional man, things acquire their reality, their identity, only to the extent of their participation in a transcendent reality . ref Comos and History , pg. 5 ref See also wiktionary Dar ana Epiphany religion Eternal return Eliade Sacred profane dichotomy PAH Triad Three psychological phenomena Pareidolia, Apophenia and Hierophany acting simultaneously. Recent studies indicate the probable influence of the PAH triad in the sacralisation of different elements of the landscape and natural phenomena, in diverse cultures across the world. The evidence for the manifestation of PAH in diverse latitudes, ages and cultures, seems to indicate a possible ubiquity of the phenomenon in space and time ref Bustamante Patricio, Yao Fay, Bustamante Daniela, 2010 b, The Worship t ... more details
July 3, 2010 ref Combined with Apophenia , seeing patterns in randomness, and Hierophany , a manifestation ... prosopagnosia Apophenia Confabulation Psychological projection Clustering illusion Face perception , for the cognitive ... more details
. The last date was filmed and released on dvd as Twenty Seven Paces . Their second album APOPHENIA ... random data, Apophenia . This time the album was structured in two distinct halves, and every track ..., 2003 Flashes Of Light LP LENCD08, 2004 Apophenia LENCD11, 2006 ACEDIA LINE10, 2008 Whatever You ... more details
For the legal term Aleatory contract See also Constrained writing Refimprove date December 2010 wiktionary aleatory The word aleatoricism derives from the Latin word alea , the rolling of dice . It should not be confused with either improvisation or indeterminacy . ref Sabine Feisst, Losing Control Indeterminacy and Improvisation in Music Since 1950 , New Music Box 1 March 2002 http www.newmusicbox.org page.nmbx?id 35tp02 Aleatory Pierre Boulez . ref Literature Charles Hartman discusses several methods of automatic generation of poetry in his book The Virtual Muse . ref name Hartman Citation last Hartman first Charles title The Virtual Muse Experiments in Computer Poetry place Hanover, NH publisher Wesleyan University Press year 1996 isbn 0 8195 2239 2 see especially pp. 54 64. ref Art see also Automatic drawing Surrealist automatism Pareidolia Apophenia Digital cameras , Photoshop , and computer generated random art programs along with wildly improvisational use of cutting edge materials and equipment have opened up a new world of possibilities for today s art students and emerging artists. Citation needed date December 2010 A small group of international artists have formed a group called http siennablu.com MAMA MAMA , or the Movement of Aleatoric Modern Artists, a worldwide collaboration of chance based artists who promote the principles and techniques of aleatoric methods in the execution of contemporary art in modern times. Music main Aleatoric music The term aleatoric music aleatory music was first coined by Werner Meyer Eppler in 1955 to describe a course of sound events that is determined in general but depends on chance in detail . ref Werner Meyer Eppler. 1957. Statistic and Psychologic Problems of Sound , translated by Alexander Goehr, Die Reihe 1 Electronic Music , 1957 55 61 original German edition, 1955, as Statistische und psychologische Klangprobleme , Die Reihe 1 Elektronische Musik , 1955 22 28 the citation is on pp. 55 and 22, respectively. ref Wh ... more details
223 ff ref Apophenia is related to, but distinct from pareidolia. ref name MNAPOP cite web url http www.medterms.com script main art.asp?articlekey 39714 title Definition of Apophenia accessdate 2007 09 23 publisher MedicineNet.com ref Apophenia is defined as the spontaneous finding of connections ... more details
Context date January 2010 List of numerical libraries used for performing numerical analysis numerical calculations Multi language http www.nag.co.uk numeric numerical libraries.asp NAG Libraries mathematical and statistical routines for multiple programming languages C, C , Fortran, Java, Python, .NET , packages MATLAB, Maple, Excel and GPUs, multicore, manycore ALGLIB is an open source numerical analysis library which may be used from C , C , FreePascal, Delphi, VBA. IMSL Numerical Libraries are libraries of numerical analysis functionality implemented in standard programming languages like C, Java, C .NET, and Fortran. http wiki.accelereyes.com wiki index.php?title Main Page JACKET is a runtime platform for C, C and matlab that uses GPUs for acceleration. C programming language C and C http apophenia.info Apophenia is a C library, based on the GSL below , that provides functions and structures on the level of data sets and statistical models. Armadillo C library Armadillo is a C linear algebra library matrix and vector maths , aiming towards a good balance between speed and ease of use. It employs template classes, and has optional links to BLAS and LAPACK. http www.dealii.org deal.II is an open source open source Library computing library for the computational solution of partial differential equations PDE problems using Adaptive mesh refinement adaptive Finite Element Method continuous or Discontinuous Galerkin Method discontinuous finite elements . http dlib.net dlib is an open source open source Library computing library which includes a linear algebra component capable of using BLAS and LAPACK along with various non linear optimization algorithms and machine learning tools. http eigen.tuxfamily.org Eigen , an efficient open source open source C Template programming template library for linear algebra and numerical analysis supporting small, large, dense and Sparse matrix sparse matrices. GNU Scientific Library , a popular, free numerical analysis library for ... more details
of apophenia . ref name Litt cite news first Toby last Litt authorlink Toby Litt title Back to the 80s ... and meaningfulness in them but are revealed to be victims of apophenia as the clips are just ... more details
Encyclopedia
top
