About an Iranian mythical heroe the ancient site of northern Samarkand Afrasiyab Samarkand Afrasiab lang fa afr siy b lang tr Efrasiyab , Alp Er Tunga lang ae Fra rasyan Middle Persian Pahlavi Fr siy v, Fr siy k, and Freangr sy k is the name of the mythical king and hero of Turan . The Mythical King and Hero According to the Shahnameh Book of Kings , by the Persian epic poet Ferdowsi , Afrasiab was the king and hero of Turan and an archenemy of Iran. In Iranian mythology, Afrasiab is considered by far the most prominent of all Turanian kings he is a formidable warrior, a skilful general, and an agent of Ahriman , who is endowed with magical powers of deception to destroy Iranian civilization. ref name ei Yarshater, E., Afrasiab , Encyclop dia Iranica digital library accessed January 18, 2007. ref According to Middle Persian and Islamic sources, Afrasiab was a descendant of Tur son of Fereydun T r Avestan T riya , one of the three sons of the Iranian mythical King Fereydun the other two sons being Salm son of Fereydun Salm and r j Iraj . In Bundahishn he is named as the seventh ... sources, Afrasiab was killed by Haoma near the hast possibly either referring to Urmia Lake ... to Shahnameh he met his death in a cave known as the Hang e Afrasiab, or the dying place of Afrasiab, on a mountaintop in Azerbaijan . The fugitive Afrasiab, having been repeatedly defeated by the armies ... of the Turanians, a rival Iranian tribe, with the Turks, and Afrasiab with their king, is a late development, Turks cultivated the legends of Afrasiab as a Turkish hero after they had come into contact ... http www.theshahnameh.com Afrasiab featured in Rostam Comic Book http www.barabass.ru eng 7.php The battle of Rustam and Afrasiab on Asian miniature Shahnameh Category Iranian masculine given names ... Persian mythology ar ceb Afr sy b de Afrasiab Mythos es Afrasiab fa fr Afrasiab ko it Afrasiab ru tl Afr sy b tg tr Efrasiyab ur ... more details
Afrasiab Khattak or Afrasayab Khattak lang ps is a politician from Kohat , North West Frontier Province , Pakistan . He is currently a member of the Senate, the upper house of the Parliament of Pakistan and the provincial president of the Awami National Party in North West Frontier Province . Citation needed date June 2008 Afrasiab Khattak is a former student leader, Pakistani politician, writer and prominent human rights activist . He has been the president of Human Rights Commission of Pakistan HRCP . ref http www.dawn.com 2002 04 01 nat45.htm HRCP elections April 1, 2002 . DAWN group ref Early life Afrasiab Khattak is born in Mandoori khaderkhal. Afrasiab Khattak is from Kohat in southern PAKHTOONKHAWA . He was an active leftist politician during the 1970s and 1980s. He spent many years in self exile in Afghanistan in the 1980s, due to his strong opposition to General Zia ul Haq s military rule. ref http www.pakistanlink.com sah 06 30 2000.html Afrasiab Khattak An Unlikely Crusader by S.A Hussain June 30, 2000. Pakistanlink.com. Retrieved may 10 2007 ref After his return ... to Aslam Khattak . Leftist Past Afrasiab Khattak remained associated with the Communist Party of Pakistan CPP and by some accounts became its Secretary General. Afrasiab Khattak lived in self exile ... Khattak, Khair Bakhsh Marri, and thousands of Baloch dissidents. Afrasiab had a very close personal ... Afrasiab Khattak joined the Human Rights Commission of Pakistan HRCP in 1989, and served as the Vice ... nat24.htm Afrasiab ANP s new provincial president 4 13 07. DAWN group ref leading the party to provincial ... in typical Pakistani Politics. Nevertheless, the Govt of NWFP under Afrasiab s leadership continued ... of Swat is once again moving towards the peace. Afrasiab khattak has been elected as Senator ... 1 References reflist 2 Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Khattak, Afrasiab ALTERNATIVE ... Khattak, Afrasiab Category Pakistani politicians Category Awami National Party politicians Category ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 The Afrasiab painting is a rare example of Sogdiana Sogdian art. It was discovered in 1965 when the local authorities decided the construction of a road in the middle of Afrasiyab Samarkand Afr si b mound, the old site of pre Mongol empire Mongol Samarkand . It is now preserved in a special museum on the Afr si b mound. It is the main political painting we have of ancient Sogdiana Sogdian art. The painting dates back to the middle of the 7th century CE. On the four walls of the room of a private house, three or four different countries neighbouring Central Asia are depicted. On the northern wall China a Chinese festival, with the Emperor of China Empress on a boat, and the Emperor hunting , on the Southern Wall Samarkand i.e the Ancient Persia Iranian world a religious funerary procession in honor of the ancestors during the Nowruz festival , on the eastern wall India as the land of the astrologer s and of the pygmies , but the painting is much destroyed there . The topic on the main wall, the western wall facing the entrance is debated between specialists. Turkey Turkish soldiers are escorting ambassadors coming from various countries of the world Korea , China, Iranian principalities etc. . There are three main hypotheses. The leading expert on Sogdian painting, the excavator of Panjikent , B. Marshak points out that Sogdian painting, gods are always depicted on the top of the main wall. However, as the Turks are guiding the embassies but are not themselves ambassadors, it has been suggested also that the Turkish Kaghan Qaghan , then lord of Inner Asia inner and central Asia, might be depicted there. A Chinese text is indeed saying that the idea of the Four Lords of the World , here China, India, Iran and Turks, is depicted on the walls of palaces near Samarkand precisely during this period, and this would perfectly fit the four walls of this room. The last hypothesis makes use of an inscription mentioning the king of Samarkand to propose ... more details
Afrasiab or Afrasiabi may refer to the name of the mythical King Afrasiab and hero of Turan and an archenemy of Iran. Kaveh L. Afrasiabi , a political scientist and author disambiguation ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Pashang , King of Turan, was according to Ferdowsi s epic the Shahnameh , of the race of Tur the son of Fereydun called his sire and the father of Afrasiab . He was an early king of Turan. Start box Succession box title List of Turanian monarchs years before Tur after Afrasiab End box Shahnameh Category Asian royalty Asia myth stub fa tr Pe eng ... more details
Afrasiyab may refer to Afrasiyab Samarkand an ancient site north of Samarkand, Uzbekistan Afrasiab a sorcerer and emperor who appears in the Persian epic Shahnameh and later in the Urdu Dastaan and Tilism e Hoshruba. He is also mentioned briefly by Muhammad ibn Jafar Narshakhi Afrasiyab Badalbeyli an Azerbaijani composer dab ca Afrasiyab desambiguaci ... more details
. It was again actively excavated during the 1960 70s. See also Afrasiab painting for wall paintings ... in Uzbekistan Category Samarkand ca Afrasiab ru tg ... more details
This page is a list of prominent Muslim reformers. Abdullahi Ahmed An Na im Leila Ahmed Reza Aslan Mehdi Bazargan Samira Bellil Assia Djebar Hamid Dalwai Shirin Ebadi Mawlana Faizani Ahmad Ghabel Asma Jahangir Ghada Jamshir Afrasiab Ahmad Afrasiab Khattak Kadizadeli Mohammad Khatami Mohsen Kadivar Syed Ahmed Khan Fatema Mernissi Irshad Manji ihabetdin M rcani Mostafa Malekian Asra Nomani Abdolkarim Soroush Ali Shariati Mohammad Mojtahed Shabestari Yousef Sanei Hassan al Turabi Mahmoud Mohamed Taha Mahmoud Taleghani Amina Wadud Fareed Zakaria Nasr Abu Zayd Warith Deen Mohammed Mona Eltahawy Omid Safi Category Islam related controversies Reformers Category Islam related lists Muslim reformers, List of ... more details
was not executed. Si vash and AfrasiabAfrasiab threatened another invasion of Iran but was defeated. Suddenly intelligence was received that Afrasiab had assembled another army, for the purpose ... reached Afrasiab, he had previously dreamed of a forest abounding with serpents, and that the air ... from the dream that he will be defeated within three days. Afrasiab, therefore deputed Garsivaz ... which the Turanians had taken from Iran. Garsivaz sent immediately to Afrasiab to inform him of the conditions .... Afrasiab himself retired towards Gungduz. The negotiations being concluded, Si vash sent a letter ... against Afrasiab, ordering Si vash at the were time to return, and bring with him his hundred hostages ... of Afrasiab, Turan . Si vash in Turan In Turan , Afrasiab received Si vash warmly. The old Turanian ... Farangis daughter of Afrasiab .The second marriage accordingly took place, and Afrasiyab was so ... visited Siavash s city. Garsiwaz began to vilify before Afrasiab. The news of Afrasiyab s warlike preparations .... Women were taken as slave girls and prisoners to Kiman. In the meantime Afrasiab came up, and surrounding ... more details
Orphan date February 2009 Qaumi Inqilabi Party lang ur , National Revolutionary Party was a political party in Pakistan . It was founded in 1987 through the merger of different leftwing and bourgeois nationalist groups. However, the party was disbanded the following year. ref http www.laborpakistan.org leftmovement.php ref Afrasiab Khattak and Afzal Khan Lala were leading figures in the party. ref http www.dawn.com 2003 07 06 nat4.htm From idealism to pragmatism DAWN National July 6, 2003 Bot generated title ref References reflist Category Political parties in Pakistan ... more details
Garsivaz also Garsiwaz or Gersiwaz lang fa IPA fa si v z is a mythical Turan ian character, referred to in Shahnameh Book of Kings by the Persian epic poet Ferdowsi . He is the brother of Afrasiab , king of Turan . . ref name Characters of Firdowsi s Shahname cite web url http www.angelfire.com rnb bashiri Farr shahnamecharacters.html title Characters of Firdowsi s Shahname accessdate 2009 01 11 work http www.angelfire.com rnb bashiri Farr shahnamecharacters.html ref References references Shahnameh Category Shahnameh characters de Garsivaz fa ... more details
File Bizhan.jpg 270px thumb Rostam sets Bijan free from the well where he has been imprisoned by order of the Turanian ruler. Bijan and Manijeh also Bizhan and Manizheh , Persian is a love story in Ferdowsi s Shahnameh Sh h N meh , The Epic of Kings . Bijan was the son of Giv , a great warrior of Iran during the reign of Kai Khosrow and Banu Goshasp , the heroine daughter of Rostam . Bijan fell in love with Manijeh, the daughter of Afrasiab , the king of Turan and greatest enemy of Iran, and greatly suffered as a result. Plot When people from Arman complained to Kai Khosrow that wild boars were invading their fields, Bijan volunteered to go and combat the boars. Bijan pursued the wild boars, returning them to their lairs, without any of the boars escaping. The day following this event, Girgin told Bijan about the garden of Afrasiab on the other side of the border with Turan. Thus was the young Bijan tempted hid him, and no one except her maids were aware of this secret. When Afrasiab learned that his daughter was hiding a man in her house, he sent guards to seize Bijan. Bijan was captured and imprisoned in a pit in the desert and the pit was blocked with a heavy stone. Manijeh was also punished by her father. She was expelled from the palace and sent to the desert where Bijan was prisoned. Manijeh made a tunnel to Bijan s prison, and through that tunnel spoke to him and fed him. Every day she would go to the city and beg for food and bring the food to Bijan. Eventually, Kai Khosrow sent Rostam to rescue Bijan. Rostam went to Turan as a merchant, and met Manijeh in the city, from where she took him to the pit where Bijan was imprisoned. br References Bijan and Manijeh , by Hakim Abol Qasem Ferdowsi Tousi, translated into English by Helen Zimmern http www.iranchamber.com literature shahnameh 13bijan manijeh.php Iran Chamber Society . External links Shahnameh , by Hakim Abol Qasem Ferdowsi Tusi, the complete work 64 Epics , in Persian http www.parstech.org ... more details
Unreferenced date November 2006 Tur is a character in the Persian Language Persian epic Shahnameh . He is the second son of the legendary Iran ian king Fereydun and brother of both Salm son of Fereydun Salm and raj Iraj . His name, meaning brave , was given to him by his father when the young prince bravely fights the dragon that had attacked him and his brothers. When Fereydun divides his empire among his sons, he gives Turkistan and China to his second son Tur. This is the beginning of the nation of Turan , the neighbor and rival of the Iranians. Some of the most important characters of Shahnameh, such as Afrasiab , are his descendants. Shahnameh Category Shahnameh characters DEFAULTSORT Tur Asia myth stub Asia royal stub fa ceb Tur tl Tur ... more details
forces. Afrasiab lears of this and sends Susan e Rameshgar, a musician and sorceress to capture Rostam and Borzu. Afrasiab arrives with his army and a long series of battles and adventures beings in the epic ... more details
Image NowzarKilled.jpg thumb 200px Persian language Persian manuscript painting Afrasiab kills Nowzar son of Manuchehr, during a battle. Nowzar Lang fa is a character in Shahnameh . He is the son of Manuchehr and becomes the Shah of Iran after his father s death. His reign of seven years comes to an end when he is killed by Afrasiab during a battle. He is also mentioned in Avesta as a great warrior and hero. Many future warriors traced back their origin to him and were labeled Nowzarian . Start box Succession box before Manuchehr title Legendary Kings of the Shahnameh Sh hn ma years 2420 2427 after Keyumars after Zaav End box Sources and references Abolqasem Ferdowsi, Dick Davis trans. 2006 , Shahnameh The Persian Book of Kings ISBN 0 670 03485 1, modern English translation abridged , current standard Warner, Arthur and Edmond Warner, translators The Shahnama of Firdausi, 9 vols. London Keegan Paul, 1905 1925 complete English verse translation Shirzad Aghaee , Nam e kasan va ja i ha dar Shahnama ye Ferdousi Personalities and Places in the Shahnama of Ferdousi , Nyk ping, Sweden, 1993. ISBN 91 630 1959 0 Jalal Kh leghi Motlagh, Editor, The Shahnameh , to be published in 8 volumes ca. 500 pages each , consisting of six volumes of text and two volumes of explanatory notes. See http www.columbia.edu cu center for iranian studies programs and pubs main projects shahnameh.html Center for Iranian Studies, Columbia University . Shahnameh Category Persian mythology Category Shahnameh characters MEast myth stub ar ceb Nowzar de Nowzar fa ko ru tl Nowzar vi Nowzar ... more details
din Alp Arghun Yusuf Shah I r. 1274 1288 Afrasiab I r. 1288 1296 Nosrat al din Ahmad r.1296 1330 Rokn al din Yusuf Shah II r.1330 1340 Mozaffar al din Afrasiab II r.1340 1355 Shams al din Pashang r.1355 ... more details
Here are the list of characters represented in the Persian literature Persian Epic poetry epic poem Sh hn ma by Ferdowsi , including heroes and villains inc lit A Arash mythology Arash Afrasiab Abteen B Babak Bijan and Manijeh Bizhan E Esfandyar F Fereydun Farangis G Garshasp Ghaaran Ghobad Giv Goodarz Gordafarid H Haftvad Hushang I r j J Jamshid K Kaveh Kai Khosrow Keshvad Keyumars Kai Kavoos M Manuchehr Manijeh Mehrab Kaboli Mehras N Nariman father of S m Nariman Nowzar R Rakhsh Roham Rostam Rostam Farrokhz d Rudaba S Saam Simurgh Siamak Siy vash Sohrab Salm son of Fereydun Salm Shaghad Sarv Rueen tan T Tahmineh Tahmoores Tur son of Fereydun Tur Z Zal Zahhak Zahh k Zoo Tahmasp Shahnameh See also Persian literature Iranian literature Persian mythology DEFAULTSORT Shahnameh characters Category Persian literature Category Shahnameh characters ar fa ... more details
For the warship, see Iranian frigate Alvand for the warship class see Alvand class frigate . S m , also transliterated Saam , is a mythical hero of ancient Persia , and an important character in the Shahnameh epic. He was the son of Nariman father of S m Nariman , grandson of Garshasp and father to Z l . He was Iran s champion during the rule of Fereydun , Manuchehr and Nowzar . He was appointed by Manuchehr to rule Zabulistan Sistan , and then Mazandaran. After Manuchehr, because of Nowzar s corrupted and failed rulership, Iranian champions asked S m to rule Iran. S m didn t accept, he supported Nowzar and advised him to follow Fereydun and Manuchehr. S m returned back to Mazandaran , and died soon after that. Afrasiab then attacked Zabulistan. The name S m is equivalent to the Avestan name Saama , which means dark and Sanskrit Shyam Shyaama which means the same. ref name cite web url http www.farhangiran.com pdf jafari.pdf title UNKNOWN TITLE accessdate 2009 09 26 location Dead link date October 2010 bot H3llBot ref References reflist Shahnameh DEFAULTSORT Sam Category Shahnameh characters myth stub ceb S m de S m fa tl S mis so cool ... more details
Nikolai Ivanovich Veselovsky lang ru , November 1848 30 March 1918 was a Russian archaeologist and orientalist, specializing on the history and archaeology of Central Asia . Born in Moscow , schooled in Vologda , studied at Saint Petersburg State University . Reader in 1877, extraordinarius in 1884, ordinarius from 1890. He was the first to excavate Afrasiab , the oldest part of Samarkand , as well as several notable kurgan s in Southern Russia and Ukraine, notably the Solokha and Maikop kurgan s. References Konovalov, Panov, Uvarov, http www.booksite.ru fulltext kon ova lov index.htm Vologda, xxii nachalo xx veka 1993 , ISBN 5 85560 293 1 , http www.booksite.ru fulltext kon ova lov 4.htm s.v. C . . . 1869 1894, vol. 1, 1896, p. 151 152. Persondata Metadata see Wikipedia Persondata . NAME Veselovsky, Nikolay ALTERNATIVE NAMES SHORT DESCRIPTION DATE OF BIRTH 1848 PLACE OF BIRTH DATE OF DEATH 30 March 1918 PLACE OF DEATH DEFAULTSORT Veselovsky, Nikolay Category Russian archaeologists Category Russian orientalists Category 1848 births Category 1918 deaths ru , ... more details
was finally brought down around 1350 when Afrasiab of the Jalaviyeh dynasty, themselves an off ... 1350 when the last king of it was killed by Afrasiab of the Jalaviyeh dynasty. This stage is called ... lands. This is also quite possible as it will explain the efforts of Afrasiab of the Jalaviyeh ... more details
Alp Er Tunga or Alp er Ton a ref Besim Atalay ed. , Divan L gati t T rk , Vol.1, T rk Tarih Kurumu Bas mevi, 2006, ISBN 975 160 405 2, p. 41. ref Brave Soldier Tunga Alp Alp, yi it, kahraman, bahad r ref http tdkterim.gov.tr dlt sozluk ?kelime Alp&kategori dltbul&hng ltn&ayn bas Divan Lugati t T rk Veri Taban Turkish Language Association ref , er Er, erkek, adam ref http tdkterim.gov.tr dlt sozluk ?kelime er&kategori dltbul&hng ltn&ayn bas Divan Lugati t T rk Veri Taban ref , ton a beb r ref http tdkterim.gov.tr dlt sozluk ?kelime Ton C4 9Fa&kategori dltbul&hng ltn&ayn bas Divan Lugati t T rk Veri Taban ref is a mythical hero in Turkic mythology and Turkish literature . In Turkic literature he is considered to be the same character as Afrasiab in the Persian Epic Shahnameh . ref Emel Esin, Antecedents and Development of Buddhist and Manichean Turkish Art in Eastern Turkestan and Kansu , The Handbook of Turkish Culture, supplement to volume II, section of the history of art, Milli E itim Basimevi, 1967, p. 11. ref ref M. cal O uz, Turkey s Intangible Cultural Heritage , Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the Republic of Turkey Publications, 2008, ISBN 9751733693, p. 23. ref He is sometimes mentioned as a khan of Saka . ref William M. Clements, The Greenwood Encyclopedia of World Folklore and Folklife Southeast Asia and India, Central and East Asia, Middle East , Greenwood Press, 2006, ISBN 0313328498, p. 432. ref Sources reflist DEFAULTSORT Alp Er Tunga Category Turkic mythology Mythology stub az Alp r Tonqa tr Alp Er Tunga zh ... more details
Image KeykhosrowFarangis.jpg thumb 250px Persian manuscript painting Kay Khusraw and his mother Farangis, watch Giv defeat the Turanian army. Farangis or Farigees Persian language Persian is a female character in the Persian Language Persian epic Shahnameh . She is the eldest daughter of Afrasiab , king of Turan . She is also the second and favourite wife of Siavash , the saintlike prince of Iran Siavash s first wife was Juraira daughter of Piran Viseh and mother of a legendary hero and later Shah of Iran, Kai Khosrow . Although a Turanian by birth, Farangis shows loyalty to her husband s kingdom and dynasty. She accompanies her son when he leaves Turan in the hopes of gathering an Iranian army to avenge Siyavash. After the murder of her husband Sia vash and being left with her son Kai Khosrow, Farangis, mourns for him a year. The dignitaries at the court of King Kavus try to console her. They promise that her brother in law Fariborz will avenge the murder of his brother. Further, they present Fariborz as a suitable husband for her. Aided by Rostam, Fariborz takes Farangis to his seraglio. References Abolqasem Ferdowsi, Dick Davis trans. 2006 , Shahnameh The Persian Book of Kings ISBN 0 670 03485 1, modern English translation abridged , current standard. See also Davis, Dick, translator , The Legend of Seyavash, Penguin, 2001, Mage Publishers 2004 abridged Levy, Reuben translator , The Epic of the Kings Shah Nama, the National Epic of Persia, Mazda Publications, 1996 abridged prose version Warner, Arthur and Edmond Warner, translators The Shahnama of Firdausi, 9 vols. London Keegan Paul, 1905 1925 complete English verse translation Shirzad Aghaee , Nam e kasan va ja i ha dar Shahnama ye Ferdousi Personalities and Places in the Shahnama of Ferdousi , Nyk ping, Sweden, 1993. ISBN 91 630 1959 0 Shahnameh Category Shahnameh characters ... more details
This is a list of city cities in Uzbekistan . The names of many places have been changed during the last century, sometimes more than once. Wherever possible, the old names have been included and linked to the new ones. col begin col 4 Afrasiab Ak Dar ya Akkula G ijduvon Akmal Abad Andijon Angren, Uzbekistan Angren Aqbaytal Aqrabat Asaka, Uzbekistan Asaka Baxt Bekobod Beruniy Bukhara Buxoro, Buzaubay Chimboy Chirchiq Chortoq Dashtobod Denov col break Fergana Guliston G uzor Gijduvan G ijduvon Haqqulobod Jangeldi Dzhangeldy Jizzax Juma town Juma Kattaqo rg on Karakapalkiya Khiva Kogon, Uzbekistan Kogon Kokand Kosonsoy Kungrad Margilan Mashiquduq Minchuqur Mo ynoq Moynaq, Muynaq, Muynak Namangan col break Navoiy Nukus Nurota Ohangaron Olgaing Olmaliq Oqtosh Piskent Qarshi Qorako l Qorasuv Quva Quvasoy Rishdan Samarqand Samarkand Shahrisabz Shahrihon Shirabad Shirin, Uzbekistan Shirin col break Sirdaryo Tashkent Toshkent Capital Taxiatosh Termez Tomdibuloq To ytepa Turtkul Uchqo rg on Uchquduq Urganch Urgut Vabkent Vobkent Xonobod Xo jayli Yangiobod Yangiyer Yangiyo l Yasliq Zarafshon col end See also List of geographic names of Iranian origin List of cities External links http www.world gazetteer.com s p uz.htm Map Cities in Uzbekistan Asia topic List of cities in Category Populated places in Uzbekistan Category Uzbekistan related lists Cities Category Lists of cities by country Uzbekistan, List of cities in cs Seznam m st v Uzbekist nu de Liste der St dte in Usbekistan eo Listo de urboj de Uzbekio fa fr Villes d Ouzb kistan it Lista di citt uzbeche kk lt S ra as Uzbekijos miestai hu zbegiszt n v rosai ja uz O zbekiston shaharlari pl Miasta Uzbekistanu pt Anexo Lista de cidades no Uzbequist o ro Lista ora elor din Uzbekistan ru sh Popis gradova u Uzbekistanu fi Luettelo Uzbekistanin kaupungeista sv Lista ver st der i Uzbekistan uk ... more details
file Shahnameh3 5.jpg 300px thumb Kobad lived in the Alborz mountains and it was Rostam who brought him to the Estaxr capital. Kai Kobad also known as Kay Qob d is a mythological figure of Iranian folklore and oral tradition. The Kai stock epithet identifies Kobad as a Kayanian dynasty Kayanian , a semi mythological dynasty that in tradition Kai Kobad was also the founder of. In the tradition preserved in the Shahnameh , Kai Kobad was a descendant of Manuchehr , and lived in the Alborz mountains, and was brought to the Estaxr the capital by Rustam . Under Nowzar , who loses the lang ae Khvarenah x small sup v sup small ar nah for oppressing the Iranians, the Hushang Pishd di dynasty grows weak, and Iran falls to the Aniran ian General Afrasiab , who kills Nowzar in battle. Then however, Kobad defeats Afrasiyab in personal combat, and for this feat and because he possesses the lang ae x small sup v sup small ar nah he is elected king by the Iranians, and the descendents of Nowzar&mdash Zou, Garshasp and Gastham&mdash pay him allegiance. Sources and references Abolqasem Ferdowsi, Dick Davis trans. 2006 , Shahnameh The Persian Book of Kings ISBN 0 670 03485 1, modern English translation abridged , current standard Warner, Arthur and Edmond Warner, translators The Shahnama of Firdausi, 9 vols. London Keegan Paul, 1905 1925 complete English verse translation Shirzad Aghaee , Nam e kasan va ja i ha dar Shahnama ye Ferdousi Personalities and Places in the Shahnama of Ferdousi , Nyk ping, Sweden, 1993. ISBN 91 630 1959 0 Jalal Kh leghi Motlagh, Editor, The Shahnameh , to be published in 8 volumes ca. 500 pages each , consisting of six volumes of text and two volumes of explanatory notes. See http www.columbia.edu cu center for iranian studies programs and pubs main projects shahnameh.html Center for Iranian Studies, Columbia University . start box succession box before Garshasp title Legendary Kings of the Shahnameh Sh hn ma years 2441 2541 after Keyumars after Kai Kavoos e ... more details
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