and Hydrography, Cyclopaedia, Volume 1.jpg thumb right Table of geography, hydrography, and navigation, from the 1728 Cyclopaedia, or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences Cyclopaedia . Navigation ... knowledge used by navigator s to perform navigation tasks. All navigational techniques involve ... date August 2010 Details History of navigation In the European medieval period, navigation was considered ... navigation relies primarily on positions determined electronically by receivers collecting information ... Methods of navigation have changed through history. ref name bow1 Bowditch, 2002 1. ref Each new ... judgments the navigator must make is the best method to use. ref name bow1 Some types of navigation ... 3 Modern navigation methods bgcolor CCCCCC align center Illustration Description Application valign ... within sight of land. valign top File Moon Mdf 2005.jpg 100px Celestial navigation involves reducing ... almanac almanacs . Used primarily as a backup to satellite navigation satellite and other Radio navigation ... 3 Radio navigation Electronic navigation covers any method of position fixing using electronic means, including valign top File Decca Navigator Mk 12.jpg 100px Radio navigation uses radio waves ... systems, such as Decca Navigator System Decca , OMEGA Navigation System Omega and LORAN C . Losing ground to GPS. valign top File Radar screen.JPG 100px Radar navigation uses radar to determine the distance ... File GPS Satellite NASA art iif.jpg 100px Satellite navigation uses artificial earth satellite systems, such as GPS, to determine position. ref name bow1 Used in all situations. The practice of navigation ... is to project the position of the ship into the immediate future and avoid hazards to navigation. ref ... external forces acting on the ship. The navigator also consults the DR plot to avoid navigation .... ref More so than in other phases of navigation, proper preparation and attention to detail are important ... vessels. ref name bow105 A military navigation team will nearly always consist of several ... more details
Distinguish Arial Ariel Airiel Wiktionarypar aerialAerial may refer to Sport Aerial skiing , discipline of Freestyle Skiing. Devices Antenna radio also known as an aerial , a transducer that transmits or receives electromagnetic waves Television antenna or TV aerial, an antenna specifically designed for over the air television reception Aerial apparatus , device used for firefighting and rescue Aerial telescope , late 17th century tubeless telescope Aerial work platform , device for positioning workers Movement Aerial dance move , dance move found in Lindy Hop Aerials skateboarding , type of skateboarding trick Aerial cartwheel or side aerial , gymnastics move performed in acro dance and various martial arts Aerial silk , apparatus used in aerial acrobatics Aerialist , an acrobat who performs in the air Front aerial , gymnastics move performed in acro dance Music Aerial album Aerial album , album by Kate Bush Aerial Canadian band , 1970s band from Toronto Aerial Swedish band , indie art rock band from Sandviken, Sweden Aerials song Aerials song , song from the album Toxicity by System of a Down Other Aerial was an TV ident for BBC Two which first aired in October 1997 see BBC Two 1991 2001 idents See also Aerial photography Aerial bombing of cities Aerial bombing Antenna disambiguation Ariel, Gymnastics trick disambig de Aerial ja ... more details
Citations missing article date May 2009 A T aerial is an antenna radio used for VLF, LF, MF and shortwave transmission or reception. It consists of a horizontal wire suspended between and insulated from two radio masts and towers radio masts or towers . A vertical wire is connected to the middle of the horizontal wire and hangs down close to the ground, where it is connected to the transmitter or receiver. The two wires form a T shape, hence the name. Sometimes a group of parallel wires, known as a cage, is used instead of a single wire. This reduces the Q factor of the antenna and broadens the bandwidth over which it will provide good impedance matching . T aerials are frequently used as transmitting aerial for long and medium wave broadcasting. See also Dipole antenna Longwave Mast radiator DEFAULTSORT T Aerial Category Power cables Category Radio frequency antenna types ... more details
Electronic navigation may refer to Satellite navigation , satellite navigation systems Radio navigation , the application of radio frequencies to determining a position Radar navigation , the use of radar to determine position relative to known objects disambig ... more details
About the episode of The West Wing Celestial Navigation The West Wing other uses of Celestial Celestial ... Celestial navigation , also known as astronavigation , is a position fixing technique that has evolved ..., or dead reckoning , to know their position. Celestial navigation uses sights, or angular .... Celestial navigation is the use of angular measurements sights between celestial bodies and the visible ... used method of celestial navigation, and is referred to as the Altitude Intercept Method. There are several other methods of celestial navigation which will also provide position finding using ... accurate knowledge of time. The altitude intercept method of celestial navigation requires that the observer ... other common methods for determining one s position using celestial navigation are the longitude by chronometer ... accurate instruments, including the Kamal navigation kamal , Mariner s astrolabe astrolabe , octant ... , enough to navigate safely when out of sight of land. cn date September 2011 Practical navigation Citations missing section date September 2011 Practical celestial navigation usually requires a marine ... and or data lookup steps. Most people can master simpler celestial navigation procedures ... navigators usually use celestial navigation in combination with satellite navigation to correct ... before or after the same measure the day before creates serious navigation errors. Before good chronometers ... today lunar distance navigation lunar distance , which does not involve the use of a chronometer ... distance navigation l1 Lunar distance The older method, called lunar distances , was refined in the 18th ... measure the time of a sextant sight. The need for accurate navigation led to the development ... and calendar. Modern celestial navigation The celestial line of position concept was discovered ... are the longitude by chronometer and the ex meridian method. While celestial navigation is becoming increasingly redundant with the advent of inexpensive and highly accurate satellite navigation receivers ... more details
a bearing in the field. In marine navigation , a bearing is the direction one object is from another object, usually, the direction of an object from one s own vessel. In aircraft navigation, a bearing is the actual corrected compass direction of the forward course of the aircraft. In land navigation ... Army, Map Reading and Land Navigation, FM 21 26, Headquarters, Dept. of the Army, Washington, D.C. ... U.S. Army, Advanced Map and Aerial Photograph Reading , Headquarters, War Department, Washington, D.C. ... bearing , as in vehicle or marine navigation, is measured in relation to the magnetic compass of the navigator ... . Bearing measurement There are several methods used to measure navigation bearings 1. In land navigation ... speaking nations, which use the term bearing. ref U.S. Army, Map Reading and Land Navigation , FM ... bearing . In a contemporary land navigation context, true, magnetic, and grid bearings are always ... system. ref name Keay, pp. 133 134 2. In aircraft navigation, an angle is normally measured from the aircraft ... due to wind 3. In marine navigation, starboard bearings are green and Port nautical port bearings are red . Thus, in ship navigation, a target directly off the starboard side would be Green090 or G090 ... Manual of Navigation , BR45. ref This method is only used for a relative bearing . A navigator ... are used. In stellar navigation , the reference direction is that of the North Star , Polaris . Generalizing ... Course navigation Course or Track Hand compass Hand bearing compass Yaw, pitch and roll References Keay, Wally, Land Navigation Routefinding with Map & Compass , Coventry, UK Clifford Press Ltd. 1995 ... Press 2000 , ISBN 0816636613 U.S. Army, Advanced Map and Aerial Photograph Reading , Headquarters, War Department, Washington, D.C. 17 September 1941 U.S. Army, Map Reading and Land Navigation ... Navigation , FM 21 26, Headquarters, Dept. of the Army, Washington, D.C. 7 May 1993 External ... you specify a start point, a bearing and a distance. DEFAULTSORT Bearing Navigation Category Navigation ... more details
selfref For navigational boxes, see Wikipedia Navigation templates wiktionary NavigationnavigationNavigation is the theory and practice of navigating, especially the charting of a course for a ship, aircraft, or spaceship American Heritage Dictionary . Navigation may also refer to A synonym for ship transport in general Land navigationNavigation system disambiguation A river rendered navigable by the use of weir s and Canal lock locks It is sometimes incorrectly used as a synonym for canal which are entirely man made , whereas a navigation converts an existing river. At points, particularly around towns and cities, both waterways are seen to work together for example the Birmingham Canal Navigations Navigation The OMD B Sides , a compilation album by Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark Navigation album , the debut album by Irish Sonny Condell s band Radar and was released in May 2005 Web navigation In the WWW and information systems the process of goal directed locating and traversing hyperlink hyperlinked information. See also Navigation research , which deals with the fundamental aspects of navigation Navigator , the person on board a ship or aircraft responsible for its navigationNavigation authority , a company or statutory body which is concerned with the management of a navigable canal or river List of navigation authorities in the United Kingdom , a list of links to any navigation authority in the United Kingdom, relating to any navigable waterway, aqueduct, canal, navigation, river or port disambig ca Navegaci desambiguaci de Navigation Begriffskl rung es Navegaci n desambiguaci n gl Navegaci n ko hr Navigacija razdvojba ja ... more details
Unreferenced date December 2009 Inland navigation is transport with ships via inland water canal s, river s, lakes etc. between inland ports or quays and wharfs. See also Code Europ en des Voies de la Navigation Int rieure European Code for Interior Navigation External links http www.museonavigazione.eu en index.html Museum of Inland Navigation Battaglia Terme , Padua DEFAULTSORT Inland Navigation Category Commercial item transport and distribution de Binnenschifffahrt es Navegaci n interior fr Transport fluvial fy Binnenskipfeart hu Belv zi haj z s mk nl Binnenvaart nds Binnenschipperee ru uk ... more details
Image Textbox2.gif thumb A caret flashing in a text entry box In computing , caret navigation is a kind of keyboard navigation where a Cursor computers caret also known as text cursor , text insertion cursor , or text selection cursor is used to navigate within a text document. It is a fundamental feature for applications that deal with text, for example text editor s the most famous examples Emacs and Vim , word processor s and desktop publishing programs. This kind of navigation is also supported by some web browser s, such as Mozilla Firefox and Internet Explorer , where it is referred to as caret browsing . This can be contrasted to using a mouse to point to links, using tabs to go from link to link or editing the BIOS options. In this kind of text cursor navigation mode, a blinking cursor appears over the text the user can then move over the text by using the arrow navigation keys. See also Access key Spatial navigation Tabbing navigation BIOS References Reflist External links http www.mozilla.org access keyboard proposal Mozilla Gecko Keyboard Navigation Proposal Category User interface techniques Category Text editor features de Caret Browsing es Navegaci n por cursor de texto fr Navigation au clavier ... more details
Whereas originally the term Navigation applies to the process of directing a ship to a destination, Navigation research deals with fundamental aspects of navigation in general. It can be defined as The process of determining and maintaining a course or trajectory to a goal location Franz, Mallot, 2000 . It concerns basically all moving Agent grammar agents , biology biological or artificial, Wiktionary autonomy autonomous or remote controlled. Franz and Mallot proposed a navigation hierarchy in Robotics and Autonomous Systems 30 2006 ref name FM1 cite book author Franz coauthor Mallot url http www.sciencedirect.com science? ob ArticleURL& udi B6V16 3YHG97R K& user 946230& coverDate 01 2F31 2F2000& rdoc 9& fmt summary& orig browse& srch 23toc 235666 232000 23999699998 23159597 & cdi 5666& sort d& docanchor & acct C000049009& version 1& urlVersion 0& userid 946230&md5 8c30c4f00f8e97c08651032b4d118e90 title Robotics and Autonomous Systems 30 year 2000 pages 133 153 ref table border 1 tr td td td Behavioural prerequisite td td Navigation competence td tr tr td Local navigation td tr tr td Search td td Goal recognition td td Finding the goal without active goal orientation td tr tr td Direction following td td Align course with local direction td td Finding the goal from one direction ... td td Association sensory pattern action td td Following fixed routes td tr tr td Topological navigation ... tr tr td Survey navigation td td Embedding into a common reference frame td td Finding paths over novel terrain td tr table There are two basic methods for navigation Egocentric navigation also known as Idiothetic navigation Allocentric navigation also known as Allothetic navigation Robotic navigation Main robotic mapping Outdoor robots can use GPS in a similar way to automotive navigation system ... wireless hardware. See also Electric beacon Visual navigation References reflist Category Navigation Category Robot navigation ... more details
Primarysources date January 2009 The Institute of Navigation ION is a non profit professional organization for the advancement of the art and science of navigation . It was founded in 1945 and serves communities interested in navigation and positioning on land, air, sea and space. It is a worldwide organization with members in over 50 countries. As of 2008, the ION has approxmiately 3,000 members. The ION is headquartered in Manassas, Virginia . History During World War II, the field of navigation experienced dramatic developments during a period of fast moving changes... People recognized the need for an organization to provide a forum for discussion of the various aspects of navigation. ref http www.ion.org search view abstract.cfm?jp j&idno 76 The Institute of Navigation in Perspective, Navigation , Volume 18, Number 1. ref Dr. Samuel Herrick, assistant professor of astronomy at UCLA , proposed an institute for navigation. Dr. Herrick envisioned a research center and publication of a journal. On June 25, 1945, the Institute of Navigation was founded at an organizational meeting held at UCLA. The Institute s first permanent council was elected at the first annual meeting in October ... s journal, Navigation , was first published in March 1946. The ION National Office was located ... each year. These conferences focus on current developments in navigation technology and policy. International Technical Meeting, January. IEEE ION PLANS Position, Location and Navigation Systems Conference, Spring. Joint Navigation Conference, Spring. ION GNSS, September. ION GNSS is attended by approximately 1,800 GPS and GNSS specialists from over 40 countries. Programs The Institute of Navigation publishes a quarterly, peer reviewed journal, Navigation . The ION sponsors a variety of programs intended to promote the art and science of navigation. In an effort to reach out to the next generation ... recognizes individuals who have made significant contributions to the art and science of navigation ... more details
Oboe was a United Kingdom British aerial blind bombing targeting system in World War II , based on radio transponder technology. Oboe accurately measured the distance to an aircraft, and gave the pilot guidance on whether or not they were flying along a pre selected circular route. The route was only 35 yards wide, allowing for much greater accuracy than competing systems like GEE navigation Gee . The curved path Oboe equipped aircraft followed was quite evident to German radar operators, who came to call the system Boomerang after the arc segment left on their displays as the aircraft appeared and disappeared out of range. The system was first used in December 1941, about the same time as H2S radar was introduced and a few months after the first use of Gee. As it could only guide a single aircraft at a time, Oboe was used to guide the pathfinder RAF pathfinder bombers to drop their target indicator s for the initial stages of the raid following bombers would use the markers as a reference for conventional bombsights. Gee, a passive system that could be used by an unlimited number of aircraft, remained in use for local guidance over the UK even after Oboe became widely used for bombing. Technical details Oboe ref name WSC Closing the Ring cite book last Churchill first Winston ... effort the Germans put into other electronic navigation systems, they never took this concept ... named G H navigation GEE H or G H based on exactly the same thinking, differing only in having the aircraft ... was very close to Oboe and not very much like GEE navigation GEE . The name was adopted because ... 10.3 OBOE GEE H DECCA NAVIGATOR title 10.0 Radio Navigation Systems publisher http www.vectorsite.net ... Leader Harry Scott, specialist navigator who pioneered use of Oboe Navigation spacing RAF WWII Strategic Bombing DEFAULTSORT Oboe Navigation Category World War II British electronics Category Radio navigation de Oboe Navigation fr Oboe navigation it Oboe radionavigazione nl Oboe pl Oboe ... more details
wiktionary redirect head of navigation A long comment added to the page to prevent it being listed on Special Shortpages. Generated via Template Longcomment. ... more details
Add general stuff about Austronesian navigation here. Polynesian specific information goes under the Polynesian navigation header Expert subject multiple Ethnic groups Southeast Asia Transport Maritime transport task force date February 2009 The Austronesians were some of the early people that crossed vast open sea s and settled farflung island s in search of new land to settle. The Austronesian expansion around 2500 BC and onwards is widely considered by some contemporary scholar s who date September 2009 to be one of the great movements of population in history . Citation needed date January 2007 References reflist DEFAULTSORT Austronesian Navigation Category Navigation water transport stub hist stub ... more details
Tabbing navigation should not be confused with tabbed document interface In computing , tabbing navigation is the ability to navigate between focusable elements such as hyperlink s and form controls within a structured document or user interface such as HTML with the tab key of a computer keyboard . Usually, pressing tt Tab tt will focus on the next element, while pressing tt Shift tt tt Tab tt will focus on the previous element. The order of focusing can be determined implicitly based on physical order or explicitly based on tab index . In general, tabbing is cyclical, not linear, meaning that the tabbing will cycle to the first last element when it moves away from the last first element. Customization On web pages, by default tabbing navigates through Form web form fields such as text entry and HTML anchor anchors such as links in the order they appear in the character stream i.e., in the raw HTML . This can be overridden by the page author using the http www.w3.org TR html4 interact forms.html adef tabindex tabindex attribute, or by disabling a form field. At the client end, Mac OS X defaults to only focusing text boxes and lists, but this setting can be overridden to allow navigation ... navigation to text areas, other form elements, and anchors. Alternatives Most desktop applications and web browser s support this kind of keyboard navigation. But in some web browsers like Opera web browser Opera , an alternative method known as spatial navigation is used. This method, in many cases ... caret navigation , which provides a more natural way of document navigation similar to mouse navigation . See also Keyboard navigation Access key Spatial navigation Caret navigation External links ... www.w3.org TR html4 interact forms.html h 17.11.1 17.11.1 Tabbing navigation standard http www archive.mozilla.org quality browser front end testcases keyboard nav tabbing.html Mozilla Keyboard Navigation ... for customizing tabbing navigation http stackoverflow.com questions 2349 how to tab focus onto a dropdown ... more details
Image RNAV.jpg thumb alt An area navigation diagram showing how an aircraft may fly in a straight line between waypoints Area Navigation Area Navigation RNAV is a method of Instrument flight rules Instrument Flight Rules IFR navigation that allows an aircraft to choose any course within a network of Beacon For navigationnavigation beacons , rather than navigating directly to and from the beacons. This can .... Area navigation used to be called Random Navigation and therefore the acronym is RNAV ref http books.google.com ..., Donald 2006 The Aviator s Guide to Navigation . Fourth Edition. New York McGraw Hill. Seite 77. ref . RNAV can be defined as a method of navigation that permits aircraft operation on any desired course within the coverage of station referenced navigation signals or within the limits of a self contained ... using inertial navigation system s rather than the ground based beacons http www.epa.gov EPA IMPACT 2003 May Day 09 i11638.htm . RNAV was reanimated after the large scale introduction of Global Navigation Satellite System satellite navigation . Background ref ICAO. Doc 9613, Performance based Navigation .... Improved operational efficiency derived from the application of area navigation techniques has resulted in the development of navigation applications in various regions worldwide and for all phases of flight .... Requirements for navigation applications on specific routes or within a specific airspace ... for oceanic operations, inertial navigation system s INS were employed. Airspace and Minimum obstacle ..., and is termed Performance Based Navigation performance based navigation PBN . Thus, RNAV is now one of the navigation techniques of PBN currently the only other is Required Navigation Performance required navigation performance RNP . RNAV and RNP systems are fundamentally similar. The key difference between them is the requirement for on board performance monitoring and alerting. A navigation specification that includes a requirement for on board navigation performance monitoring and alerting is referred ... more details
A navigation system is a usually electronic system that aids is navigation . Navigation systems may be entirely on board a vehicle or vessel, or they may be located elsewhere and communicate via radio or other signals with a vehicle or vessel, or they may use a combination of these methods. Navigation systems may be capable of containing maps, which may be displayed in human readable format via text or in a graphical format determining a vehicle or vessel s location via sensors, maps, or information from external sources providing suggested directions to a human in charge of a vehicle or vessel via text or speech providing directions directly to an autonomous vehicle such as a robotic probe or guided missile providing information on nearby vehicles or vessels, or other hazards or obstacles providing information on traffic conditions and suggesting alternative directions Types of navigation systems Automotive navigation system Marine navigation system Global Positioning System , a group of satellites and computers that can provide information on any person, vessel, or vehicle s location via a GPS receiver GPS navigation device , a device that can receive GPS signals for the purpose of determining the device s location and possibly to suggest or give directions Inertial guidance system , a system which continuously determines the position, orientation, and velocity direction and speed of movement of a moving object without the need for external reference Robotic mapping , the methods and equipment by which an autonomous robot is be able to construct or use a map or floor plan and to localize itself within it See also Navigation disambiguation System disambiguation Category Navigation Category Navigational equipment ... more details
Direct navigation describes the method individuals use to navigate the World Wide Web in order to arrive at specific website s. Direct navigation is a 10 year old term which is generally understood to include type in traffic . Direct navigation traffic was first discovered circa 1996. The few lucky domainer s who had premium names and analyzed their traffic found people were typing in their domain names and bypassing search engines . Many of them immediately realized the potential of these domain names. At that time the direct navigation segment of the World Wide Web was born. Domainers describe direct navigation as an Internet user navigating to a website directly through the browser address bar . They bypass online search engines by typing a name like hotels and adding .com . For that reason direct navigation traffic is more valuable than search engine traffic since it is better targeted. Short words that describe large segments of a market are the most valuable direct navigation names. Domainers call these names premium names and they have sold in the millions of dollars year after year since 1997. Marketers also include bookmarked traffic in the direct navigation group. Domainers do not consider bookmarked traffic as direct navigation since in most cases they do not involve a direct navigation premium domain name. A Bookmark web bookmark is made when an internet user actively adds a URL to their list of bookmarked pages. This is much different than using the browser address line to navigate to a premium domain name like hotels.com. Hence the inclusion of bookmarked traffic is not included in the domainer s version of the direct navigation market. A 2005 study of Internet traffic by WebSideStory s StatMarket division revealed that direct navigation traffic such as browser type in traffic , bookmarks of existing sites, and visits to existing, known website domain names ..., 2008, the first direct navigation search engine, ubexact.com was released. In addition ... more details
e Navigation is a concept developed under the auspices of the UN s International Maritime Organization ... of Lighthouse Authorities IALA , are working on an e Navigation strategy implementation plan meant ... of the larger system in which ships are navigated and controlled. Accidents related to navigation ... Bridge Systems Integrated Navigation Systems IBS INS , Automatic Radar Plotting Aid s ARPA , radio navigation , Long Range Identification and Tracking LRIT systems, Vessel Traffic Service s VTS and the Global ... information about sea, port and forwarder conditions. e Navigation definition The initial definition for e Navigation was formulated by IALA thus The harmonized collection, integration, exchange, presentation ... to berth navigation and related services for safety and security at sea and protection of the marine environment. ref http www.ialathree.org chapo committees e nav.php ref e Navigation Strategy Implementation ... the work of developing a proposal for an e Navigation strategy implementation plan. Three sub committees within the IMO NAV, COMSAR and STW have established working groups on e Navigation each group ... related to the process of establishing an e Navigation strategy implementation plan. The work on an e Navigation strategy implementation plan has been broken down into several clear phases Assessing ... a gap analysis, cost benefit analysis and a risk analysis Core elements to the plan The final e Navigation ... of any technology and institutional arrangements necessary to fulfill the requirements of e navigation in the longer term Proposals on public relations and promotion of the e navigation concept to key ... www.e nav.no ?page 73&parent text 84 ref Parallel efforts in e Navigation Along with work taking place under the aegis of the IMO, a number of public and private groups are working to advance e Navigation and topics related to e Navigation. Foremost among these are the e Maritime project ref http ... Safety Administration . Another project in this area is ALIS, which built an e navigation framework ... more details
Unreferenced stub auto yes date December 2009 Orphan date December 2009 In human computer interaction , navigation controls are an arrangement of word icon forms within the user interface of a specific system. This system can be a computer based Application software application , an application on a wireless device like a cell phone , a GPS appliance in your car or your backpack , or any manner of system that requires human computer interaction with a stored program. The quality of the user interface is critically dependent on navigation controls that make sense and allow the operator to smoothly negotiate the application in question. DEFAULTSORT Navigation Controls Category User interface techniques Compu stub ... more details
The Bureau of Navigation was an agency of the U.S. government established in 1884 to enforce laws relating to the construction, equipment, operation, inspection, safety, and documentation of merchant vessels. This organization is not to be confused with the U.S. Navy s Bureau of Navigation U.S. Navy Bureau of Navigation , founded in 1862 and renamed the Bureau of Naval Personnel in 1942. The Bureau of Navigation also investigated marine accidents and casualties collected tonnage taxes and other navigation fees and examined, certified and licensed merchant vessel sailors. When established, the bureau was a part of the United States Department of the Treasury Department of the Treasury . In 1903, the organization was transferred to the newly formed Department of Commerce and Labor . In 1913 that department was split in two and the bureau was assigned to the Department of Commerce . In 1932 it was combined with the Steamboat Inspection Service as the Bureau of Navigation and Steamboat Inspection . In 1942, Executive order United States Executive Order 9083 transferred many functions to two other agencies. Merchant vessel documentation was transferred to the Bureau of Customs. Functions relating to merchant vessel inspection, safety of life at sea, and merchant vessel personnel were transferred to the United States Coast Guard U.S. Coast Guard . The merchant vessel documention functions were also transferred to the Coast Guard in 1946. The Bureau of Navigation and Steamboat Inspection was abolished as unnecessary and redundant by Reorganization Plan No. III of 1946, with all functions being absorbed by the Bureau of Customs and the U.S. Coast Guard. Sources http www.archives.gov US National Archives http www.archives.gov research guide fed records groups 041.html Records of the Bureau of Marine Inspection and Navigation http www.archives.gov research guide fed records groups 024.html Records of the U.S. Navy Bureau of Navigation US Coast Guard navbox US hist stub USCG stub ... more details
nn date May 2011 Rhizome Navigation is a method of dynamically creating a navigation interface for data systems, such as websites and databases. The navigation links presented to the user are not predefined, they are generated in response to user behavior, and analysis of other data. The word rhizome is used as a metaphor, to compare the growth and structure of rhizome navigation interfaces with the complex organic growth and structure of rhizome s, underground Plant stem plant stems that send out root s and shoots from their nodes. Examples of use A good example of rhizome navigation in use can be found in the program Enronic. In their investigation into the Enron scandal , the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission made a large portion of Enron s email database available to the public. Enronic analyzes these email messages to display the relationships between Enron employees, based on who emailed whom and how often. The program uses Prefuse , an open source Java programming language Java library for creating visual representations of data. Rhizome Navigation is an open source project which aims to provide useful text and graphical navigation aids to users of websites and databases, by analysing the navigation selections of previous users. References http www.wired.com science discoveries news 2006 01 70100 Wired Science Puts Enron E Mail to Use External links http jheer.org enron Enronic http www.cs.cmu.edu enron Enron email database http www.rhizomenavigation.net Rhizome Navigation Open Source Project Category User interface techniques Category Visualization graphic Category Infographics ... more details
Advert date December 2007 Thales Navigation is a global GPS company created in 2001 from the merger of the Magellan Corporation and Thales Navigation, S.A. Magellan Magellan is a privately held GPS company which markets its Magellan brand GPS products in vehicle navigation and outdoor markets, and its ..., GIS Mapping, and OEM markets that include consumer electronics, automotive navigation and high ... developed the Hertz NeverLost vehicle navigation system. Magellan is head quartered in San Dimas, California ... navigation and positioning company with operations worldwide. Magellan introduced the first consumer hand held GPS solution in 1989. Magellan s current products include both auto navigation and recreational ... navigation solutions, eXplorist handhelds, and MapSend mapping and software products. Timeline 1965 Sercel founded as electronics company in France. 1978 NAVSTAR Navigation System with Timing And Ranging ... Electronique, a radio navigation and later consumer GPS company is founded in France. 1982 First ... to Dassault Electronique. A joint venture is formed under the name Dassault Sercel Navigation Positioning .... The three become one company Thomson CSF Detexis. Following merger, Dassault Sercel Navigation .... 2001 January As a wholly owned subsidiary of Thales Group , DSNP changes its name to Thales Navigation, S.A. 2001 July Thales Group acquires Magellan Corporation, merges it with Thales Navigation, S.A. to form Thales Navigation, a global GPS leader. The four leading brands represented in this new GPS company include MLR, DSNP, Magellan, and Ashtech. Thales Navigation streamlines the brands represented ... GPS brand worldwide. Thales Navigation becomes the company s professional GPS brand worldwide. 2006 July Shah Capital Partners signs agreement to purchase GPS navigation business of Thales New company to be called Magellan Magellan Navigation, Inc. . 2006 August Shah Capital Partners completes agreement to purchase GPS navigation business of Thales. Company renamed Magellan Navigation Magellan Magellan ... more details
In computing , spatial navigation is the ability to navigate between focusable elements, such as hyperlink s and form controls, within a structured document or user interface according to the spatial location. This method is widely used in application software like computer game s. In the past Web browsers have used tabbing navigation to change the focus within an interface, by pressing the tab key of a computer keyboard to focus on the next element or tt Shift tt tt Tab tt to focus on the previous one . The order is based on that in the source document. For HTML without any style, this method usually works as the spatial location of the element is in the same order of the source document. However, with the introduction of style via presentational attributes or stylesheet language stylesheet s such as Cascading Style Sheets CSS , this type of navigation is being used less often. Spatial navigation uses the arrow keys with one or more modifier key held to navigate on the 2D plane of the interface. For example, pressing the up arrow key will focus on the closest focusable element on the top relative to the current element . In many cases, this could save a lots of key presses. This accessibility feature is available in a number of applications, e.g. Opera web browser Opera s web browser . For Opera users, this allows a faster way to jump to different areas in long web pages or articles without manually scrolling and scanning with their eyes. Some examples, as noted above, include ... changeset 55543 ref have support for spatial navigation. In games such navigation is represented by for example camera relative movement . References reflist 2 See also Keyboard navigation Access key Tabbing navigation Caret navigation Spatial file manager External links http www.opera.com ... Spatial Navigation in Mozilla https chrome.google.com extensions detail koagbjdgdmedlijoflccgpiaelepedam ... Navegaci n espacial fr Navigation spatiale ... more details
File Boyne Navigation Canal.JPG thumb The Boyne Navigation about 3km from Navan, Co. Meath The Boyne Navigation is a series of canals running 31 km 19 mi ref name IWAI roughly parallel to the River Boyne from Oldbridge to Navan in County Meath , in Republic of Ireland Ireland . The navigation ... is now derelict. The Boyne Navigation branch of the Inland Waterways Association of Ireland are restoring the navigation to a usable waterway. History The Boyne Navigation comprise of two sections the Lower Navigation from Drogheda, near mouth of the Boyne, to Slane and the Upper Navigation is from Slane to Navan. The navigation channel is partly the river itself and partly stretches of canal, mostly ... Navigation is mostly canal. ref name IWAI Cite journal last Wheeler first Ed year 2005 title ... intended that the navigation continue upstream along the Boyne to Trim, County Meath Trim ... Navigation remains disconnected from other inland waterways in Ireland. ref name IWAI The Boyne Navigation Company began work on on the lower section of the navigation from the sea Lock water ... property boyne navigation and tow path title Boyne Navigation and Tow Path accessdate 2007 10 12 publisher ... navigation and tow path Bot retrieved archive archivedate 2007 09 19 ref and was completed in the 1760s. The upper section from Slane to Navan was completed in 1800. The main cargo on the navigation ... advantage of the navigation that he had recently completed that far. When opened it was the largest mill of its kind in Ireland. ref name IWAI ref name Trench Economics The navigation was never a commercial ... the navigation was 190,000 in pounds sterling of which 30,000 was private contributions the remainder ... Dublin pages 118 year 1902 ref In the financial year ending in April 1844 income for the navigation ... London pages 299 300 year 1847 ref Navigation Boats with a Draft hull draught of 1.4 m 4 ft 8 in in the winter and 1.1 m 3 ft 6 in in the summer could travel the navigation in the winter ... more details
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