Zapotec or zapoteca may refer to:

Cultures and languages

• Zapotec civilization, an historical indigenous pre-Columbian civilization and archaeological culture of central Mexico
• Zapotec languages, a group of closely-related indigenous Mesoamerican languages
• Zapotec peoples, contemporary indigenous peoples of Mexico
• Zapotecan languages, a group of related Oto-Manguan languages (including Zapotec languages), of central Mesoamerica

Animals and plants

• Zapoteca (plant), a legume genus including for example Zapoteca aculeata and Zapoteca portoricensis subsp. portoricensis
• Bolitoglossa zapoteca, a species of salamander

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