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X-COM (series)
X-COM logo in X-COM: Terror from the Deep X-COM is a series of computer games, started by Mythos Games and MicroProse in 1993. The first three titles were tactical games while the fourth was an action-based space combat/strategy game. The first installment, UFO: Enemy Unknown in Europe (also known as X-COM: UFO Defense in North America) was written by a team led by Julian Gollop. MicroProse quickly had an internal team create the sequel X-COM: Terror from the Deep. Subsequently, the Gollop brothers went straight to work on X-COM: Apocalypse, which would end up being the third in the series when released in 1997. Soon after Apocalypse, MicroProse was bought by Hasbro Interactive. All titles were developed for the PC, with a few ports to the PlayStation and Amiga. The first three titles were originally developed to run under DOS, and have subsequently been ported to run under Microsoft Windows using DirectX.
Series standardsThe premise for the series is fairly simple and straightforward, with variations among them: armies of hostile aliens have begun invading the Earth, killing and enslaving the human race. The mise en scène and trappings of the game closely mirror those of the classic ITV television series UFO. Despite the clichéd setup, the implementation is serious and carefully detailed to give an "authentic" impression. In all the games, the player is put in command of X-COM (Extraterrestrial Combat), the international military organization set up in 1999 (the near future during the original game's release in 1993). By defending X-COM's funding countries (initially Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Egypt, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Nigeria, Russia, Spain, UK, USA) from enemy invasion, the force gains monetary support. Any nation may quit, if X-COM's service is deemed unsatisfactory or the nation's government has been infiltrated by the invaders. Through scientific research of recovered alien artifacts, X-COM is able to develop better and more powerful weapons, armor and vehicles to combat the alien menace, and eventually uncover their true nature. The game takes place within two main views: the Geoscape and the Battlescape, a dichotomy that is the hallmark of the entire series. The Geoscape consists of a global view of the earth from space. The player can view the X-COM bases (in various locations on Earth), make changes to them, equip X-COM aircraft, order supplies and personnel, direct research efforts, schedule manufacturing of advanced equipment, and sell alien artifacts to raise money. From this view the player also directs interceptor and troop transport aircraft on their missions. The Geoscape is continual and not turn-based. Gameplay switches to the isometric combat view of the Battlescape whenever X-COM personnel come in contact with alien units. This can result from investigating downed enemy space ships, combating alien terrorist activities, or attacking alien bases discovered during play; aliens may also manage to attack and infiltrate one of the X-COM bases. In the Battlescape view, X-COM combatants are pitted against the alien enemies. In addition to personnel, the player may have vehicles such as HWP unmanned ground vehicles outfitted with powerful weapons and heavy armor, but not gaining experience points in battles. This mode is turn-based and each combatant has a number of "time units" which can be expended each turn. When all alien forces have been neutralized, the mission is scored based on number of X-COM units killed, civilians saved or killed, aliens killed or captured, and the number and quality of alien artifacts obtained. The seriesThe complete series includes these titles:
The first two games are undeniably the most popular and most successful of the series, and the first was named Game of the Year by many gaming magazines. Apocalypse took several new directions with the series. It introduced a real-time combat system, in addition to a modified turn-based system that drew considerable criticism, and the aesthetics were shifted to a less grim and more futuristic style. After Interceptor, Hasbro Interactive purchased MicroProse and acquired the X-COM brand. Two more titles were planned for this series. Both were aborted when Hasbro shut down Hasbro Interactive in 1999 and 2000. Hasbro sold all of its Hasbro Interactive intellectual property to Infogrames (now Atari) when it shut down the studios. In 2005, Take-Two Interactive acquired the rights to the X-COM series from Atari.[1] There are unconfirmed rumors that Irrational Games (who are owned by Take-Two) may be developing a new X-COM title.[2] Steam releaseIn May 2007, a representative of 2K Games (a subsidiary of Take-Two) declared on the Steam forums that they had inherited the X-Com franchise. In light of this, 2K Games re-released X-Com: Terror from the Deep on Steam with support for Windows XP only. In September 2008, X-Com: UFO Defense, Apocalypse, Interceptor, and Enforcer were re-released. As of April 2008 X-Com: Terror from the Deep can no longer be purchased from Steam outside of North America. The reason for this is currently unknown, although it should be purchasable through Steam again in the future. (Note September 2008:, X-Com: Terror from the Deep was purchasable via Steam in Australia, either by itself or as part of the X-Com Complete Pack. It was also available to purchase via Steam in Sweden). Attempt at an unofficial remakeThe Dreamland Chronicles: Freedom Ridge was a canceled game for PC and PlayStation 2 by the authors of the original game (Mythos Games), claimed to having been "essentially a remake of the first X-Com with 3D graphics".[3] The game was eventually canceled and Mythos Games ceased to exist. In 2001 Virgin Interactive, who possessed Dreamland rights, prompted the Czech developer Altar Interactive to restart production on the PC version. The game was however renamed to UFO: Aftermath and few elements of the original Freedom Ridge project remained (even the game engine was completely different in the final product). "Spiritual" successorsBecause of the games' popularity, other game developers have created games similar in theme and tone of the X-COM games. The level to which they borrow from the original series varies.
Accolades
Intellectual propertyThe trademark for the X-COM intellectual property (IP) was filed on May 25 1995 by MicroProse Software, Inc. Following the acquisition and subsequent merger of MicroProse Software, Inc. with Hasbro Interactive, the X-COM IP was also transferred to Hasbro Interactive on August 19 1998. Due to financial difficulties, 100% of Hasbro Interactive was sold to the French concern Infogrames Entertainment SA on January 29 2001. As part of this transfer, the X-COM IP was legally transferred to Infogrames on December 21 2001. Shortly thereafter, Infogrames was renamed Atari Inc., able to do this since acquiring several Atari IPs from Hasbro Interactive. In 2005 Infogrames/Atari transferred several IPs to Take-Two Interactive Software, Inc. and X-COM was transferred with them on June 12 2005. The X-COM IP is currently owned by Take-Two and its subsidiaries.[6] See also
ReferencesExternal links
cs:X-COM de:X-COM es:X-COM fr:X-COM it:X-COM he:X-COM (???? ??????) pl:X-COM pt:X-COM ru:X-COM fi:X-COM sv:X-COM Source: Wikipedia | The above article is available under the GNU FDL. | Edit this article
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