In 1950s, the General Line of Socialist Construction, the Great Leap Forward and the People's Commune were the three red banners by the Communist Party of China calling Chinese people to build a socialism country.

After the success of the first Five-year plan, PRC continued its socialist construction by introducing "Three Red Banners Movement". However, the Movement was unsuccessful. The sky-high target of production was found unrealistic, and many people died. Mao Zedong stepped down and introduce Liu Shaoqi as the new President of PRC.