Rocket science is an informal term for aerospace engineering especially as it concerns rockets which launch spacecraft into or operate in outer space.

Due to the complexity and depth of this area of engineering (requiring mastery in subjects including mechanics (fluid mechanics, structural mechanics, orbital mechanics, flight dynamics), mathematics, control engineering, materials science, aeroelasticity, avionics, reliability engineering, noise control and flight test), it is also informally used, much like brain surgery, as a term to describe an endeavor requiring great intelligence or technical ability. Often the term is used ironically to describe an endeavor that is simple and straightforward by stating "it's not rocket science".

Rocket science may also refer to:

• Rocket Science Games, a video game development company
• Rocket Science VFX, a Canadian visual effects production company
• Rocket Science (novel), a novel by Jay Lake
• Rocket Science (film), a 2007 comedy film

In music:

• Rocket science music, a music sales and marketing company
• Rocket Science (band), an Australian alternative rock band
• Rocket Science (album), by folk artist Hugh Blumenfeld
• Rocket Science (Tribal Tech album), by the jazz fusion band Tribal Tech