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Rembrandt Peale
Rembrandt Peale (February 22, 1778?October 3, 1860) was a 19th century American artist that received critical acclaim for his portraits of presidents George Washington and Thomas Jefferson. Although modern art critics would consider Peale?s artwork as French neoclassical, its dark and stylized characteristics are similar to 15th and 16th century paintings.
Biography
"Portrait of George Washington" (1795 - 1823) In July of 1787, Charles Willson Peale introduced Rembrandt to George Washington, where the young aspirant artist watched his father paint the remarkable figure of the country. In 1795, at the age of 17, Rembrandt painted an aging Washington, though the painter had depicted the politician as far more aged than the original facial characteristics. It did, nevertheless attain praise and Rembrandt had begun his debut. Later on, Peale made over 70 detailed replicas of the same "father of our country", the first President of the United States. After the 1st president's death, the Patriæ Pater made its debut in 1824, where Peale received commendations for his portrait of the first president (Ward). Peale continued to paint other noted portraits, such as those of the third president Thomas Jefferson while he was in office (1805), and later on a portrait of Chief Justice John Marshall. A year after his mother?s death and remarriage of his father, Rembrandt Peale left school of the arts, thereby applying his time to completing his first ever self-portrait at the age of 13. The canvas illustrates early mastery of a young aspiring artist, seeming very mature. The clothes, however give the notion that Peale over-exaggerated what a 13 year old would look like. This style demonstrates early forms of neoclassicism by the looks of Peale's angel-like hair, the way it waves and curls in such a fashion so as to depict an angel from a general Renaissance artist's works of art.[2] At the age of 20, Rembrandt married 22-year-old Eleanor May Short (1776-1836) at St. Joseph's Catholic Church in Philadelphia.[3] During their marriage, Rembrandt and Eleanor had nine children: Rosalba, Eleanor, Sarah Miriam, Michael Angelo, Emma Clara, Travels
Rembrandt Peale, Self-portrait, 1828, Detroit Institute of Arts In 1828, an ambitious Peale raised funds and tried at earning money for his previous paintings, in order to travel to Rome, Italy. By the time he had enough money, he decided to take his 15-year-old son, Michael Angelo, a determined young artist who copied his father's paintings in admiration.[5] Peale successfully displayed portraits of Horatio Greenough and Patriæ Pater in Florence Academy. Peale's Baltimore MuseumMotivated by his father?s establishment of the American Museum of Philadelphia (1786) and having been unsuccessful in Philadelphia, Rembrandt Peale assumed his father?s role in another city. On August 15, 1814, Peale launched his first museum as soon as he arrived in the municipality of Baltimore, Maryland. Originally premeditated as an Arts and Sciences museum, Peale decided to display only works of art and manufactured products instead. The museum was elaborately illuminated by gas light, following the example of his brother Rubens in Philadelphia. This innovation made a great impression. Peale had acquired an important gas lighting patent, and with some associates founded the successful Gas Light Company of Baltimore. Having poor business sense, though, he did little to manage the company and was forced out after a few years, due to the War of 1812 and soon after, the disinterest of many townspeople. If Rembrandt Peale had not built and established the Peale Museum of Baltimore during the War of 1812, the museum would persist as a successful institution today.[6][7] Rembrandt Peale?s Studio: Works of Art and their SignificanceThough he struggled to become successful, Peale painted the Patriæ Pater, one such masterpiece marking success during his 50-year career. A rectangle supporting an oval wreath surrounds the eye-catching image of George Washington. The most successful painting of Peale's career, it further inspired John Marshall to have his portrait done by Peale in the same fashion. The painting was criticized for the lack of authenticity, as it was not completed until after Washington's death (1799). Nonetheless, Peale received commendations for his portrait by many noted politicians such as Washington?s nephew, Judge Bushrod Washington, who was an associate U.S. Supreme Court Justice, and Marshall.[8]. 
Rembrandt Peale, Rubens Peale with a Geranium, 1801 
Rembrandt Peale, The Roman Daughter, 1811 A portrait identifiedPeale had painted over 600 identified paintings, but one painting persisted as unnamed for many years. The comedian never identified himself as the person in the picture, but had an acquaintance with the British painter, George Clint, who claimed the picture as his own until the National Portrait Gallery of London examined it in 1914. Clint had a style quite similar to Peale, and a vendor of the National Portrait Gallery of London, Charles Huggins, confirmed it was Clint?s artwork. Later on, the gallery further examined the history behind the painting. Mathews had arrived in New York in 1822, and left shortly after Peale had welcomed the English comedian for portrait painting.[13] LegacyRecognized by American presidents George Washington and Thomas Jefferson[14], Chief Justice John Marshall[15], and John C. Calhoun, Rembrandt Peale was one of the most prolific political painters of his era, having completed over 600 paintings. He died June 12, 1860 in Philadelphia, but his paintings live on through family collections and nationwide exhibitions displaying his famous works. Like his father, Charles Willson Peale, Rembrandt Peale was known as one of the most distinguished painters to live through debts and successes. Exhibitions
Mary Denison, Later Mrs. Alexander C. Bullitt (c. 1822). Part of the collection of the Baltimore Museum of Art.
...represent some of Rembrandt Peale's many exhibits. Other notable paintings (not shown as below)
Gallery<gallery> Image:Reproduction-of-the-1805-Rembrandt-Peale-painting-of-Thomas-Jefferson-New-York-Historical-Society 1.jpg|"Painting of Thomas Jefferson" (1805) Image:Portrait of Rubens Peale.jpg|"Portrait of Rubens Peale" (1807) Image:Boy from the Taylor Family.jpeg|"Boy from the Taylor Family" (1812) Image:Washington Before Yorktown.jpg|"Washington Before Yorktown" (1823) Image:Michael Angelo and Emma Clara Peale.jpg|"Michaelangelo and Emma Clara Peale" (1826) Image:John C. Calhoun.jpeg|"John C. Calhoun" (1834) Image:Girl at a Window (Rosalba Peale).jpg|"Girl at a Window (Rosalba Peale)" (1846) Image:Pearl of Grief.jpg|"Pearl of Grief" (1849) </gallery> Bibliography
ReferencesExternal links
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