Pyruvate decarboxylation is the biochemical reaction that uses pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA, releasing NADH, a reducing equivalent, and carbon dioxide. Pyruvate decarboxylation, which links the metabolic pathways glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, is referred to as "the transition reaction," "the link reaction," or "the oxidative decarboxylation reaction." This reaction is usually catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex as part of aerobic respiration.^[1] In eukaryotes, pyruvate decarboxylation takes place exclusively inside mitochondrial matrix; in prokaryotes similar reactions take place in the cytoplasm and at the plasma membrane.^[2]

The oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate in anaerobic organisms differs from the aerobic process in that the electron acceptor is an iron-sulfur protein, not NAD⁺. The conversion is catalyzed by a thiamine-dependent enzyme that also acylates coenzyme A.^[3] The reducing equivalents are disposed of by the production of H₂ via hydrogenase.

To summarise:

1. Pyruvate is decarboxylated

2. It is dehydrogenated

3. It is added to CoA to form Acetyl CoA

Acetyl CoA is then ready for use in the Krebs Cycle.

References

1. ↑ Alberts et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell. Garland Science, 2001. ISBN 0-8153-4072-9
2. ↑ Raven et al. Biology, 8th edition. McGraw Hill, 2008. ISBN 978-0-07-110202-5
3. ↑ Eric Chabrière, Xavier Vernède, Bruno Guigliarelli, Marie-Hélène Charon, E. Claude Hatchikian, Juan C. Fontecilla-Camps ?Crystal Structure of the Free Radical Intermediate of Pyruvate:Ferredoxin Oxidoreductase? Science 2001, Volume 294, page 2559.

External links

• Notes on Pyruvate decarboxylation
• KEGG Pathway Database

ca:Descarboxilació del piruvat de:Oxidative Decarboxylierung it:Decarbossilazione ossidativa del piruvato lt:Pereinamoji reakcija