Pseudonaja

Pseudonaja

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Pseudonaja

Pseudonaja is a genus of venomous elapid snakes native to Australia. Members are known commonly as brown snakes and are considered to be one of the most dangerous snakes in the country; even young snakes are capable of delivering a fatal envenomation to a human.

Species

Dugite, Pseudonaja affinis
- Pseudonaja affinis affinis (Günther, 1872) ? coastal Western Australia.
- Pseudonaja affinis exilis (Storr, 1989) ? Western Australia and Rottnest Island.
- Pseudonaja affinis tanneri (Worrell, 1961) ? Western Australia, Boxer Island and other islands.
Speckled Brown Snake or Spotted Brown Snake, Pseudonaja guttata (Parker, 1926) ? Northern Territory, Queensland, and South Australia.
Peninsula Brown Snake, Pseudonaja inframacula (Waite, 1925) ? South Australia, Western Australia, Eyre Peninsula.
Ingram's Brown Snake, Pseudonaja ingrami (Boulenger, 1908) ? Northern Territory, Queensland, and Western Australia.
Ringed Brown Snake, Pseudonaja modesta (Günther, 1872) ? New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, and Western Australia.
Gwardar or Western Brown Snake, Pseudonaja nuchalis (Günther, 1858) ? New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, and Western Australia.
Eastern Brown Snake, Pseudonaja textilis (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854) ? New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia, south-eastern West Papua, and both south-eastern (Central Province) and north-eastern (Oro & Milne Bay Provinces) Papua New Guinea.

Toxicity

Eastern Brown Snake

Brown snakes are easily alarmed and may bite if approached closely, handled or threatened. Less than half of bites contain venom, and there are minimal effects at the bite site. Sudden, early collapse is often a feature of brown snake envenomation. A prominent effect of envenomation is venom-induced consumption coagulopathy and this can lead to death. Renal damage may also rarely occur. ^[1]

Other clinical signs include: abdominal pain, breathing and swallowing difficulty, convulsions, ptosis, hemolysis, hypotension from depression of myocardial contractility, renal failure. Notably rhabdomyolysis is not a feature of envenomation by brown snakes.

The Eastern Brown Snake (Pseudonaja textilis) is the most toxic member of the genus and is the second most toxic land snake in the world, after the Inland Taipan (which may also be found in Australia).