The Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was a government in exile based in Shanghai, China and later in Chongqing, during the Korea under Japanese rule.

The Government was formed on April 13, 1919, following the Declaration of Independence during the March 1st movement of the same year.

The government did not gain formal recognition from world powers, though modest form of recognition was given from the Nationalist Government of China and a number of other governments, most of whom were in exile themselves.

The Government strived for the liberation of Korea from Japanese annexation that lasted from 1910 to 1945. They coordinated the armed resistance against the Japanese army during the 1920s and 1930s, including the Battle of Chingshanli in October, 1920 and the assault on Japanese military leadership in Shanghai in April 1932.

This struggle culminated in the formation of Korean Liberation Army in 1940, bringing together the Korean resistance groups in exile. The government duly declared war against Japan and Germany on December 9, 1941, and the Liberation Army took part in allied action in China and parts of Southeast Asia.

Prior to the end of World War II, the Korean Liberation Army was preparing an assault against the Japanese in Korea in conjunction with American Office of Strategic Services, but the Japanese surrender prevented the execution of the plan. The government's goal was achieved with Japanese surrender on August 15, 1945.

The preamble of the Constitution of the Republic of Korea recognises the Provisional Government as the legal regime of the period between 1919 and 1948.

The sites of the Provisional Government in Shanghai and Chongqing have been turned into museums.

Leaders of the Republic

1. Syngman Rhee (1919-1925)
2. Park Eunsik (1925)
3. Yi Sang-ryong (1925-1926)
4. Yi Dongnyeong (1926)
5. Hong Jin (1926) or called Hong Myeon-hui
6. Kim Gu (1926-1927)
7. Yi Dongnyeong (1927-1933)
8. Yang Gi-tak (1933-1935)
9. Yi Dongnyeong (1935-1940)
10. Kim Gu (1940-1948)

See also

• History of South Korea
• Korean independence movements

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