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List of persons considered father or mother of a field

Revisions and sourced additions are welcome; please only include historical figures.

The following is a list of significant men and women known, following the now largely-discredited great man theory, for being the father, mother, or considered the founders in a field, listed by category. In some fields the title of being the "father" is debatable.

Contents


Church

Economics

Subject Father / Mother of ... Reason
Communism Karl Marx
Friedrich Engels
David Ricardo[1]
Economics (early) Ibn Khaldun[2] Publication: Muqaddimah (1370)
Economics (modern) Richard Cantillon[3]
Adam Smith[4]
First specific treatise on economics
Publication: The Wealth of Nations (1776)
Microcredit Muhammad Yunus[5] Founded Grameen Bank
Modern portfolio theory Harry Markowitz[6]

Games

Subject Father / Mother of ... Reason
Miniature wargaming H.G. Wells[7]
Role-playing games Gary Gygax[8] Creator of Dungeons & Dragons
Wargaming Charles S. Roberts[9]

Humanities

Nations

Military

Subject Father / Mother of ... Reason
Atomic bomb Robert Oppenheimer.[10]
Leó Szilárd[11]
Blitzkrieg Heinz Guderian
Hydrogen bomb Edward Teller[12]
Atomic submarine and "nuclear navy" Hyman G. Rickover[13] [14] [15]
Fourth Generation Warfare William S. Lind
French sailing navy Jean-Baptiste Colbert[16] Built on the fleet France inherited from Cardinal Richelieu.
Military strategy Sun Tzu,
Hannibal Barca[17]
Wrote the semincal work The Art of War (6th century BC).
Successfully employed military tactics such as the double-envelopment in the Second Punic War (3rd century BC).
Naval tactical studies Paul Hoste[18] Jesuit Professor of Mathematics at the Royal College of the Marine in Toulon; wrote L'Art des Armées Navales (1697)
The Soviet Union's hydrogen bomb Andrei Sakharov[19]
United States Airborne William C. Lee[20] First commander of the parachute school at Fort Benning, Georgia.
United States Navy Commodore John Barry[21]
Captain John Paul Jones[22]

Sciences

Sports

Subject Father / Mother of ... Reason
Angling Izaak Walton[23] author of The Compleat Angler
Baseball Henry Chadwick[24][25][26][27]
Canadian rodeo O. Raymond Knight[28]
Karting Art Ingels[29] Developed the world's first kart (1956)
lacrosse William George Beers[30][31][32][33]
Modern Boxing James J. Corbett
modern sabre fencing Italo Santelli[34]

Technology

Fields

Subject Father / Mother of ... Reason
Aerodynamics (modern) Nikolai Zhukovsky Founding father of modern Aerodynamics. The first to undertake the study of airflow. He established the world's first Aerodynamic Institute. The first to explaine the origin of aerodynamic lift
Architecture Imhotep[35] Built the first pyramid
Astronautics Robert H. Goddard[36]
Hermann Oberth[37]
Aviation Father Francesco Lana-Terzi[38] Book: Prodromo alla Arte Maestra (1670). First to describe the geometry and physics of a flying vessel.
Compact Disc Kees Immink[39]
Computing Charles Babbage[40] Inventor of the Analytical Engine which was never constructed in his lifetime.
Computer Andre Truong Trong Thi Konrad Zuse[41] Alan Turing[42] John von Neumann[43] John V. Atanasoff[44] Father of the personal computer.
Invented world's first functional program-controlled computer.
Was a secret code breaker during WWII and invented the Turing machine (1936)
Became "intrigued" with Turing's universal machine and later emphasised the importance of the stored-program concept for electronic computing (1945), including the possibility of allowing the machine to modify its own program in useful ways while running
Invented the digital computer in the 1930s
Computer Program Ada Lovelace[45] Recognized by historians as the writer of the world's first computer program which was for the Charles Babbage Analytical Engine, but was never complete within either her or his lifetime.
Cosmonautics Konstantin Tsiolkovsky[46]
Cybernetics Norbert Wiener[47][48]
Engineering (modern) Al-Jazari[49] Invented devices fundamental to modern engineering, including the crankshaft, connecting rod, reciprocating piston suction pump, valve, combination lock, etc.
Perfumery[50] Al-Kindi (Alkindus) Founded the perfume industry.
Photography Louis Daguerre[51]
Nicéphore Niépce[52]
William Henry Fox Talbot[53]
Thomas Wedgwood[54]
Robotics Al-Jazari[55] Invented the first programmable humanoid robot.

Inventions

Subject Father / Mother of ... Reason
Air conditioning Willis Carrier [56]
Ekranoplan Rostislav Alexeev
Helicopter Igor Sikorsky [57] Invented the first successful helicopter, upon which further designs were based.
Internet Louis Pouzin
Vinton Cerf[58][59][60]
Robert E. Kahn[61]
Japanese television Kenjiro Takayanagi[62][63]
Jet engine Frank Whittle[64][65]
Lightning prediction system Alexander Stepanovich Popov The first lightning prediction system, the Lightning detector, was invented in 1894 by Alexander Stepanovich Popov.
Marine chronometer John Harrison[66]
Pentium microprocessor Vinod Dham[67][68]
Personal computer Steve Wozniak[69]
Programmable logic controller Dick Morley
Radio Alexander Stepanovich Popov [70]
Lee De Forest[71][72][73]
Guglielmo Marconi[74]
Jagdish Chandra Bose[75]
Nikola Tesla[76]
The research of these pioneers led to the development of the radio
Radio (Radio broadcasting) Reginald Fessenden
David Sarnoff
Radio (FM radio) Edwin H. Armstrong Obtained the first FCC license to operate an FM station in Alpine, New Jersey at approximately 50 megahertz (1939)
radiotelephony Reginald Fessenden[77][78]
SGML Charles Goldfarb[79]
Telephone Antonio Meucci [80], Alexander Graham Bell[81] See Invention of the telephone
Television Philo T. Farnsworth[82], Vladimir Zworykin[83], [84] Co-Inventors of the Electronic Television. Farnsworth invented the Image dissector while Zworykin created the Iconoscope, both fully electronic forms of Television.
Tokamak Lev Artsimovich
World Wide Web Tim Berners-Lee[85]
Visual Basic Alan Cooper[86]
XML Jon Bosak[87]

Transport

Subject Father / Mother of ... Reason
American Interstate Highway System Dwight D. Eisenhower[88]
Route 66 Cyrus Avery[89]
Traffic safety William Phelps Eno[90]
Yellow school bus Frank W. Cyr[91]

See also

References

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