Output is the term denoting either an exit or changes which exits a system and which activate/modify a process. It is an abstract concept, used in the modeling, system(s) design and system(s) exploitation.

Types of output

In control theory

In control theory, the outputs of a system are what can be measured. Specifically, outputs are differentiated from states.

In equity theory

In equity theory, output is the benefits that an employee receives, including money, perquisites, power, status, fame or variety.

In information processing

In information processing, output is the process of transmitting information or the transmitted information itself. Essentially, output is any data exiting a computer system. This could be in the form of printed paper, audio, video. In the medical industry this might include CT scans or x-rays. Typically in computing, data is entered through various forms (input) into a computer, the data is often manipulated, and then information is presented to a human (output).

In macro-economics

In Macro-economics, output is the produced goods and services in an economy. A distinction is drawn between Gross Output and Net output.

In human-computer interaction

In human-computer interaction, output is information produced by the computer program and perceived by the user. The kinds of output the program produces, and the kinds of input the program accepts, define the user interface of the program. In this context, feedback and output are often used interchangeably. However, output tends to refer specifically to explicit output, something that is intentionally provided for the user, whereas feedback also encompasses byproducts of operation that happen to contain information (see low-key feedback).

In telecommunications

In telecommunication, the term output can refer to:

1. Information retrieved from a functional unit or from a network, usually after some processing.
2. An output state, or sequence of states.
3. Pertaining to a device, process, or channel involved in the production of data by a computer or by any of its components.

In engineering

In engineering the term output can refer to:

1. The power or work output of a machine.
2. An observable output, such as distance moved or velocity, of a mechanical system.

See also

• Input
• Input/output
• Gross Output
• Net output

References

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