Non-penetrative sex (also known as outercourse and dry sex) is sexual activity without vaginal, anal, and oral penetration, as opposed to intercourse, anal sex, or oral sex.^[1][2] The terms mutual masturbation and frottage are also used, but with slightly different emphases. NPS and outercourse are rather new terms, which is why such practices are sometimes still called "intercourse".

No bodily fluids are intended to be exchanged, and outercourse is therefore often considered a practice of safer sex as well as of birth control (see below for exceptions). Outercourse in preparation for intercourse can form part of foreplay.

Drawing by Franz von Bayros

Types of non-penetrative sexual activity

Mammary intercourse, a form of non-penetrative sex between a man and a woman

• Axillary intercourse, where one partner rubs his penis in the other partner's armpit, also known as bagpiping.^[3]
• Erotic massage, rubbing all over, with or without oil. May be intensified when combined with deep breathing.
• Fingering, stimulating the vagina or anus with the fingers.
• Handjob, stimulating the penis with the hand.
• Footjob, stimulating male genitals with the feet.
• Intercrural sex, also known as interfemoral intercourse, which is a type of irrumation, where one partner places his penis between the other partner's thighs.
• Intergluteal sex, which is a type of irrumation, where one partner places his penis into the other partner's buttock cleavage or gluteal cleft.

• Mammary intercourse, when one partner rubs his penis between his partner's breasts.
• Oral stimulation of nipples.
• Sumata, type of stimulation of male genitals popular in Japanese brothels.
• Tribadism, vulval-vulval rubbing, also known as "scissoring."
• Virtual sex, mutual masturbation at a distance with the aid of technology.

A number of BDSM activities do not involve penetration. However they are not generally considered under the same heading, possibly because they involve their own special risks or possibly because they are not considered substitutes for "having sex."

Mutual masturbation as a form of non-penetrative sex

Johann Nepomuk Geiger, watercolor, 1840.

This may be done in situations where the participants do not feel ready, physically able, it is socially appropriate, or simply do not wish to have full sexual intercourse, but still wish to have a mutual sexual act. It is also done as part of the full repertoire of sexual intercourse, where it may be used as an interlude, a form of foreplay or simply as an alternative activity to penetration. For some, it is the primary sexual activity of choice above all others because it enables the individuals to see face to face and leaves the hands free to caress, as seen in frottage (see below).

Mutual masturbation can be practiced by those of all sexual orientations. If used as an alternative to penile-vaginal penetration, the aim may be to preserve virginity or to prevent pregnancy. Some may choose it because it achieves sexual satisfaction without actual sex, possibly seeing it as an alternative to casual sex.

The techniques of mutual masturbation resemble those of simple masturbation, with the exception that other persons are involved. The range of participation can be as simple as two participants masturbating in the same room at the same time without any physical contact to a group of people all stimulating one another. In the case of two participants, one partner may stimulate the other, each partner may stimulate the other, or one may stimulate both themselves and their partner.

Mutual masturbation might result in one or more of the partners achieving orgasm. If no bodily fluids are exchanged (as is common), mutual masturbation is a form of safer sex, and greatly reduces the risk of transmission of sexual diseases. As such it was encouraged among gay men by some safer sex organizations in the wake of the AIDS outbreak of the 1980s, as an alternative to anal or oral sex.

The terms "mutual masturbation" and "circle jerk" are sometimes also used as vulgar metaphors. They can refer to a situation, often in the workplace, politics or academia, where people are stroking each other's ego without producing anything of value.

Frottage

Frot (rubbing penises together) is a form of non-penetrative sex between two men

There are many reasons a couple may choose frottage. The most common reasons are as a form of foreplay before intercourse or as a method to achieve sexual gratification without the more sexually explicit (and in some circumstances, forbidden) oral or vaginal sexual intercourse. Often young people will use frottage as an earlier stage of sexual intimacy before more explicit contact is desired, or as a substitute to intercourse to maintain a higher degree of chastity. Also, frottage can be done without getting undressed, and perhaps this is preferable. Panties, bras, pantyhose, socks, or stockings can aid in sexual arousal and stimulation. Those who are bi-curious typically try this out first.

Lap dances often involve clothed frottage. A modern dancing style which involves partners rubbing their clothed bodies on one another is called "grinding," "freaking," or "Sandwich dancing" and in Caribbean cultures where it is more accepted, it is referred to as "wining" or "flexing", known in the Spanish speaking territories as "perrear" ("dogging"). This term came from Puerto Rico and later became the famous dance for reggaeton.

The term frottage derives from the French verb frotter, "to rub."

Important distinctions in terminology

Three distinct terms derive from the French verb frotter, "to rub," that are not to be confused:

• frottage: The sexual act, involving rubbing, described in this section
• frotteurism: a paraphilia involving obsession with frottage or performing frottage nonconsensually (e.g., pressing one's genitals against a stranger on a crowded subway). This behavior was once called "frottage" but that use is no longer accepted.
• frot: Refers exclusively to male-male genital rubbing without penetration. Confusingly, "frottage" is sometimes shortened to "frot" in informal use.

Part of the reason for the confusion is that consensual frottage may have once been considered a perversion and lumped in with non-consensual frotteurism. This view is no longer widely held. The 1995 book Eccentric and Bizarre Behaviors by Louis R. Franzini and Jon Squires declares frottage, in the appropriate context, to be a perfectly normal sexual behavior for anyone "male or female, homosexual or heterosexual."

Chikan (??, ???, or ???) is a Japanese term for frotteurism, or someone who commits such an act. The term is frequently used to describe men, who take advantage of the crowded conditions on the public transit systems to rub against women sexually. While the term is not defined in the Japanese legal system, vernacular usage of the word describes acts that violate several laws. Although women on crowded trains in Japan are the most frequent targets of chikan, sexual predators in Japan can take advantage of people of either sex in other situations as well as they want . (Note: This is slightly inaccurate. See http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/?? . The word "chikan" has a much wider meaning.)

Colloquialisms

• "dry humping": two people engaging in clothed sex in a manner that simulates intercourse.
• "scrumping": a colloquialism for dry humping. A portmanteau of scratching and humping.
• "grinding", "dubbing", or "freaking": a modern dancing style that involves partners rubbing their clothed bodies on one another.
• "frotteur geek": a colloquialism for a person with a devotion to a typical scenario for frottage.
• "Princeton rub",^[4], "Ivy League rub", and so on: slang terms, referring to male-male frot or interfemoral intercourse or both, presumably surviving from the days when these colleges only admitted men.
• "g0y" (spelled with the number zero): alternative sexual identity for men attracted to other men but avoiding anal sex in favor of non-penetrative sex.^[5][6]

Health risks

Pregnancy risk

Interfemoral intercourse and genital rubbing, although notionally forms of outercourse, can carry a risk of pregnancy through transfer of the sperm-bearing fluids to the sex organs. The risk of pregnancy with oral sex is only through contact between sperm-bearing fluids such as semen or Cowper's fluid and female sex organs, though the sex organs aren't usually in close contact with oral sex.

Joycelyn Elders controversy in the United States

Dr. Joycelyn Elders, President Bill Clinton's surgeon general, tried to popularize outercourse as a means of sexual play for teens that would offer a safer alternative than sexual intercourse involving penile-vaginal or penile-anal penetration. However, her recommendation proved to be too controversial and she was fired by Clinton in December 1994.^[7][8][9]

See also

• List of sexology topics
• List of sex positions
• Physical intimacy
• 69

References

Further reading

External links

• Frot Man2Man Alliance promoting non-penetrative male-to-male sexual expression
• g0ys.org advocating non-penetrative same-sex male sexuality
• "Great sex without intercourse", NVSH (contains graphics of sexual acts)
• Mutual Masturbation - A biographical collection of personal data for a psychological and sociological study of mutual masturbating as it relates to the habits for both men and women.
• Mutual Masturbation Tips
• Clitical.com: Mutual Masturbation Female mutual masturbation

fr:Axilisme ko:????? it:Frottage lt:Petingas pl:Stosunek bez penetracji pt:Sexo não-penetrativo zh:???????