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New Brunswick, New Jersey
New Brunswick, also known as "the Healthcare City"[1] or "Hub City",[2] is a city and the county seat of Middlesex County, New Jersey, USA. It is 31 miles (50 km) southwest of New York City on the southern bank of the Raritan River about 15 miles (24 km) from its mouth. The 2006 United States Census Bureau population estimate of New Brunswick was 50,172. New Brunswick was formed by Royal Charter on December 30, 1730, within other townships in Middlesex County and Somerset County and was reformed by Royal Charter with the same boundaries on February 12, 1763, at which time it was divided into north and south wards. New Brunswick was incorporated as a city by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on September 1, 1784.[3] New Brunswick is the county seat of Middlesex County, hosting many of the county's government offices and facilities. It is also home to the largest campuses of Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (known also as Rutgers University) and the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (UMDNJ). It is nicknamed Hub City and The Healthcare City, the former reflecting its status as a major urban center of Central Jersey, serviced by many railroads during the nineteenth century, and the latter due to the concentration of medical facilities (both UMDNJ's Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital and Saint Peter's University Hospital) as well as the corporate offices or production facilities of several large pharmaceutical companies (e.g., Johnson & Johnson, Bristol-Myers Squibb). New Brunswick is noted for its rich ethnic heritage. At one time, one quarter of the Hungarian population in New Jersey resided in the city. Today, much of that Hungarian community continues to thrive.
HistoryOrigins of the nameOriginally inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans, the first white settlement at the site of New Brunswick was made in 1681. The settlement here was first called Prigmore's Swamp (1681-97), then Inian's Ferry (1691-1714). In 1714, the young village was given the name New Brunswick after the city of Braunschweig, in state of Lower Saxony, in Germany. Braunschweig was an influential and powerful city in the Hanseatic League, later in the Holy Roman Empire, and was an administrative seat for the Duchy (and later Principality) of Hanover. Shortly after the first settlement of New Brunswick in colonial New Jersey, George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and Elector of Hanover, of the House of Hanover (also known as the House of Brunswick), became King George I of Great Britain (1660-1727). During the Colonial and Early American periodsCentrally located between New York City and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania along an early thoroughfare known as the King's Highway and situated along the Raritan River, New Brunswick became an important hub for Colonial travelers and traders. New Brunswick was incorporated as a town in 1736 and chartered as a city in 1784. It was occupied by the British in the winter of 1776-1777 during the Revolutionary War. In 1900, 20,006 people lived in New Brunswick; 23,388 in 1910, 32,779 in 1920 and 33,180 in 1940. The Declaration of Independence (1776) received its third public reading in New Brunswick, after it was publicly read in Philadelphia following its promulgation by the Continental Congress. 
Early nineteenth century drawing of Old Queen's The New Brunswick Theological Seminary, founded in 1784, moved to New Brunswick in 1810 sharing its quarters with the fledgling Queen's College (Queens would close from 1810 to 1825 due to financial problems, and reopen in 1825 under the name Rutgers College). The Seminary, due to overcrowding and differences over the mission of Rutgers College as a secular institution, moved to a seven acre (28,000 m˛) tract of land less than one-half mile (800 m) west, which it still occupies although the land is now in the middle of Rutgers University's College Avenue campus. Hungarian community
The Committee of Hungarian Churches and Organizations of New Brunswick is commemorating the anniversary of the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. New Brunswick began attracting a Hungarian immigrant population around the turn of the century. Hungarians were primarily attracted to the city by employment at Johnson & Johnson factories located in the city. Hungarians settled mainly in what today is the second ward. The immigrant population grew until the end of the early century immigration boom. During the Cold War, the community was revitalized by the decision to house refugees from the failed 1956 Hungarian Revolution at Camp Kilmer, in nearby Edison. Even though the Hungarian population has been largely supplanted by newer immigrants, there continues to be a Hungarian Festival in the city held on Somerset Street on the first Saturday of June each year. Many Hungarian institutions set up by the community remain and active in the neighborhood, including: Magyar Reformed Church, St. Ladislaus Roman Catholic Church, St. Joseph Byzantine Catholic Church, Hungarian American Athletic Club, Aprokfalva Montessori Preschool (Aprokfalva Mindennapos Magyar Óvoda), Széchenyi Hungarian Community School & Kindergarten (Széchenyi Magyar Iskola és Óvoda), Teleki Pál Scout Home, Hungarian American Foundation, Vers Hangja, Hungarian Poetry Group, Bolyai Lecture Series on Arts and Sciences (Bolyai Kör), Hungarian Alumni Association (Magyar Öregdiák Szövetség - Bessenyei György Kör), Hungarian Radio Program, Hungarian Civic Association, Committee of Hungarian Churches and Organizations of New Brunswick, Cs?rdöngöl? Folk Dance Ensemble Several landmarks in the city also testify to its Hungarian heritage. There is a street and a recreation park named after Louis Kossuth, the famous leader of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848. The corner of Somerset Street and Plum Street is named Mindszenty Square where the first ever statue of Cardinal Joseph Mindszenty was erected. A stone memorial to the victims of the 1956 Hungarian Revolution also stands near by. Revitalization and redevelopment
Much of Downtown New Brunswick's built environment is a result of urban renewal projects. New Brunswick's process of urban renewal continues, as new luxury housing is built throughout downtown in an attempt to attract commuters to major employment centers such as Newark and New York City to take up residence. Downtown New Brunswick is already attracting hi-tech startups like ENTCHEV. GeographyNew Brunswick is located at (40.488304, -74.447751). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.8 square miles (14.9 km˛), including 0.5 square miles (1.3 km˛) covered by water. New Brunswick is bordered by Piscataway, Highland Park, and Edison across the Raritan River to the north, and also by North Brunswick to the southwest, East Brunswick to the southeast, and Franklin Township in Somerset County. DemographicsAs of the census of 2000, there were 48,573 people, 13,057 households, and 7,207 families residing in the city. The population density was 9,293.5 people per square mile (3,585.9/km˛). There were 13,893 housing units at an average density of 2,658.1/sq mi (1,025.6/km˛). The racial makeup of the city was 48.79% White, 23.03% African American, 0.46% Native American, 5.32% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 18.08% from other races, and 4.24% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 39.01% of the population. 
Corner of Somerset Street and Easton Avenue, looking southeast In the city the population was spread out with 20.1% under the age of 18, 34.0% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 11.3% from 45 to 64, and 6.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females there were 98.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.8 males. The presence of the university inflates the proportion of the 18-24 population. The median income for a household in the city was $36,080, and the median income for a family was $38,222. Males had a median income of $25,657 versus $23,604 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,308. GovernmentLocal governmentThe City of New Brunswick is governed under the Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council) system of municipal government.[8] As the legislative body of New Brunswick's municipal government, the City Council is responsible for approving the annual budget, ordinances and resolutions, contracts, and appointments to boards and commissions. The City Council has five members elected at large to staggered four-year terms. The Council President, elected to a 2-year term by the Council, presides over all meetings. Jim Cahill is the 62nd Mayor of New Brunswick. He was sworn in as Mayor on January 1, 1991. The City Council is composed of President Robert Recine, Vice President Elizabeth Sheehan Garlatti, Jimmie L. Cook, Jr., Joseph V. Egan and Blanquita Valenti.[9] Federal, state and county representation
Corner of George and Bayard, looking east
EducationPublic SchoolsThe New Brunswick Public Schools serve students in kindergarten through twelfth grade. The district is one of 31 Abbott Districts statewide.[11] Schools in the district (with 2005-06 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[12]) include elementary schools ? Lincoln and Lincoln Annex (681 students), Livingston (458), McKinley (704), A. Chester Redshaw (719), Paul Robeson and Paul Robeson Annex (533), Roosevelt (990), Lord Stirling (720) and Woodrow Wilson (482) ? New Brunswick Middle School, as well as New Brunswick High School (1,432), New Brunswick Alternative School (25) and New Brunswick Health Sciences Technology High School for grades 9-12. The community is also served by the Greater Brunswick Charter School, a K-8 charter school with an enrollment of about 250 children from New Brunswick, Highland Park, [Edison, New Jersey|Edison]] and other area communities.[13] Higher education
Looking east from the corner of Hamilton Street and College Ave
Health CareCity Hall has promoted the nickname "The Health Care City" to reflect the importance of the healthcare industry to its economy.[14] The city is home to the world headquarters of Johnson & Johnson, along with several medical teaching and research institutions including Saint Peter's University Hospital, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital and the Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, the Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University's School of Pharmacy, and The Bristol-Myers Squibb Children's Hospital.[15] Transportation
New Brunswick's NJ Transit train station New Brunswick also lies at the crossroads of the New Jersey Turnpike, U.S. Route 1, Route 18 and Route 27. Local bus service is provided by New Jersey Transit, with Rutgers University campus busing provided by Academy Bus. Also noteworthy is New Brunswick's bicycle community, which includes a bicycle co-op and tool collective. CultureTheatreThree neighboring professional venues, Crossroads Theatre designed by Parsons+Fernandez-Casteleiro Architects from New York, the George Street Playhouse, and the State Theater, comprise the heart of the local theatre scene. The State Theatre is also home to the American Repertory Ballet and the Princeton Ballet School. Rutgers University has a number of student companies that perform everything from cabaret acts to Shakespeare and musical productions. MuseumsNew Brunswick is home to the Jane Voorhees Zimmerli Art Museum at Rutgers University, Albus Cavus, the Rutgers University Geology Museum and the New Jersey Agricultural Museum at Cook College. ArtNew Brunswick was an important centre for avant-garde art in the 1950s-70s with several artists such as Allan Kaprow, George Segal, George Brecht, Robert Whitman, Robert Watts, Lucas Samaras, Geoffrey Hendricks and Roy Lichtenstein; some of which had taught at Rutgers University. This group of artists were sometimes referred to as the 'New Jersey School' or the 'New Brunswick School of Painting'. For more information, see Fluxus at Rutgers University. RestaurantsNew Brunswick has a diverse restaurant market including Nouvelle American, Italian, Indian, Ethiopian, Thai and Chinese cuisine. Popular upscale establishments include Stage Left, Old Man Rafferty's, The Frog and The Peach, Clydz, Makeda's, Verdigrehttp://www.verdigrenb.com, Catherine Lombardi, Delta's, Panico's, Nova Terra, The Old Bay, Hotoke, and Soho on George. While many of the downtown fast-food establishments close after about 6 to 8 pm, those on Easton Avenue are open well into the night. The main pubs are McCormick's Pub, Dolls Place, Tumulty's Pub, Olde Queens Tavern, Stuff Yer Face, Marita's Cantina and Harvest Moon Brewery. A vigorous local music scene is also present with live bands appearing at the Court Tavern, Old Bay, Nova Terra, Tumulty's, Harvest Moon Brewery and other locations. Music
Looking north from the corner of New and George Street Popular culture
Points of interest
The Heldrich in Downtown New Brunswick
Notable residentsNotable current and former residents of the City of New Brunswick include:
Sister citiesNew Brunswick has four sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International:[37]
ReferencesExternal links
bg:?? ???????? (????) de:New Brunswick (New Jersey) es:New Brunswick (Nueva Jersey) fr:New Brunswick (New Jersey) it:New Brunswick (New Jersey) nl:New Brunswick (New Jersey) ja:??????????? (?????????) pl:New Brunswick (New Jersey) pt:New Brunswick (Nova Jérsei) sv:New Brunswick, New Jersey vo:New Brunswick (New Jersey) zh:?????? Source: Wikipedia | The above article is available under the GNU FDL. | Edit this article
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