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Model (person)
A model is a person who poses or displays for purposes of art, fashion, or other products and advertising. Modeling is distinguished from other types of public performance, such as an acting, dancing or mime artistry, although the boundary is not well defined. Appearing in a movie or a play is generally not considered to be modeling, regardless of the nature of the role. However, models generally have to express emotion in their photographs, and many models have also described themselves as actors.Types of models include glamour, fashion, fitness, bikini, fine-art, and body-part models. Not all models are beautiful: character models portray ordinary people and humorous types, mostly in print work and in commercials.
Fashion
A fashion model on the runway.
The first true fashion model is generally believed to be Parisian shopgirl, Marie Vernet Worth. She became the first professional mannequin in 1853, to help her fashion designer husband, Charles Frederick Worth. [1] Body typeThe Association of Model Agents (AMA) says that female models should be around 34-24-34 in (86-61-86 cm) and at least 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m) tall. Currently, the height required to do fashion shows has increased. During the last fashion shows in Europe, the average height was , the average weight was , with bust between , waist under , and hips under , to fit the 34/36 size of haute couture prototypes.[2] Average dimensions for a male model are a height of 1.80-1.88 m (5 ft 11 in-6 ft' 2 in) a weight of and a chest measurement of . The unusually thin shape of fashion models has been criticized for allegedly warping girls' body image and encouraging eating disorders.[3] Organizers of a fashion show in Madrid in September 2006 turned away models who were judged to be underweight by medical personnel who were on hand.[4] In February 2007, six months after her sister, Luisel Ramos - also a model - died, Uruguayan model Eliana Ramos became the third international model to die of malnutrition in six months. The second victim was Ana Carolina Reston.[5] Luisel Ramos died of heart failure caused by anorexia nervosa. Glamour models
Model Michelle Merkin poses in a semi-nude glamour photography shoot Early glamour modeling is often associated with "French postcards", small postcard sized images that were sold by street vendors in France. The early 1900s the pinup became popular. Pinups depicted scantily dressed women often in a playful pose seemingly surprised or startled by the viewer. The model would usually have an expression of delight which seemed to invite the viewer to come and play. Betty Grable was one of the most famous pinup models of all time, her pinup in a bathing suit was extremely popular amongst World War II soldiers. In December of 1953 Marilyn Monroe was featured in the first issue of Playboy magazine. Playboy became the first magazine which featured nude glamour photography and was targeted to the mainstream consumer. Glamour models became popular in the early 90s with the Hope Talmons and Dita Von Teese that created a gateway into the modern era models like Heidi Van Horne, Alexandra Paressant, and Bernie Dexter. SupermodelsSupermodels are highly paid, top fashion models. These (usually female) celebrities, also known as cover girls, appear on top fashion magazine covers, in catalogues and in fashion shows. The first model to pave the way for what would become the supermodel was Lisa Fonssagrives.[6] The relationship between her image on over 200 Vogue covers and her name recognition led to the importance of Vogue in shaping future supermodels. Her image appeared on the cover of every fashion magazine during the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s from Town & Country, Life and Vogue to the original Vanity Fair. Model Janice Dickinson has asserted that she was the person for whom the term was coined, as she popped the term herself while talking to her agent at the climax of her career by saying, "I'm not superman, I'm a supermodel". Fitness modelsFitness modeling centers on displaying an athletic and healthy physique. Fitness models resemble bodybuilders, but with less emphasis on muscle size. Their body weight is usually similar to (or slightly heavier than) fashion models, but they have a lower body fat percentage due to increased muscle mass relative to fat mass. They are usually muscular. The most recognized, by name, fitness models are Sebastian Siegel and Michael O'Hearn. Bikini modelsBikini models are similar to fitness models with emphasis on a fit physique and the beauty of the female curves. Bikini models are usually curvaceous and fit. For women models, usually the models can be shorter- more around 5 ft 5 in-5 ft 8 in (1.65 m-1.73 m) and need to be in the range of . Fine art modelsPhotographers, painters, sculptors, and other artists hire models to pose for their art. Alternative modelsAn alternative model is any model that does not fit into the normal category. Punk, Goth, Fetish, Tattooed, or having a uniqueness outside other model types. These mix with high fashion and art models. Body part modelsSome modeling agencies have divisions which represent male and female models with particularly attractive body parts. For example, hand models may be used to promote nail care products, leg models are useful for showcasing tights, and wrist models are used to showcase watches or bracelets. Petite models or females who are under 5 ft 7 in (1.7 m) have found success through body part modeling. An example of a petite body part model is Isobella Jade. Working conditionsDespite the stereotype of modeling as a glamorous profession, according to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics the median wage for models was only $11.22 per hour in 2006.[7] MarketWatch listed modeling as one of the worst ten jobs in America.[7] See also
ReferencesExternal links
ar:????? ????? ca:Model cs:Modelka da:Model (profession) de:Model es:Modelo (moda) eo:Manekeno fa:????? fr:Mannequinat it:Modello (professione) he:??????? nl:Model (persoon) ja:??? (??) no:Modell (yrke) pl:Modelka pt:Modelo (pessoa) ru:?????? (???????) simple:Model (person) sk:Modelka fi:Valokuvamalli sv:Fotomodell tr:Manken zh:??? Source: Wikipedia | The above article is available under the GNU FDL. | Edit this article
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