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Machine

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A "machine" is any device that uses energy to perform some activity. In common usage, the meaning is that of a device having parts that perform or assist in performing any type of work. A simple machine is a device that transforms the direction or magnitude of a force without consuming any energy. The word "machine" is derived from the Latin machina.[1]

Contents


Usage

Machines are ubiquitous in a wide variety of industrial, commercial, residential and transportation applications. Those employing hydraulics are especially useful in manufacturing, construction and earthmoving.

"Engines" are machines that convert heat or other forms of energy into mechanical energy. Internal combustion engines for example use the expansion of gas caused by heat from an exothermic chemical reaction.

Historically, a device required moving parts to be classified as a machine, however the advent of electronics technology has led to the development of devices without moving parts that some consider machines, the computer being the most obvious example.[1]

Types of machines and other devices

Types of machines and other devices
Simple machines Inclined plane, Wheel and axle, Lever, Pulley, Wedge, Screw
Mechanical components Axle, Bearings, Belts, Bucket, Fastener, Gear, Key, Link chains, Rack and pinion, Roller chains, Rope, Seals, Spring, Wheel,
Clock Atomic clock, Chronometer, Pendulum clock, Quartz clock
Compressors and Pumps Archimedes screw, Eductor-jet pump, Hydraulic ram, Pump, Tuyau, Vacuum pump
Heat engines External combustion engines Steam engine, Stirling engine
Internal combustion engines Reciprocating engine
Linkages Pantograph, Peaucellier-Lipkin
Turbine Gas turbine, Jet engine, Steam turbine, Water turbine, Wind generator, Windmill (Air turbine)
Aerofoil Sail, Wing, Rudder, Flap, Propeller
Electronics Transistor, Diode, Capacitor, Resistor, Inductor
Biological machines Virus, Bacterium, Cell (biology), Plant and animal
Miscellaneous Robot, Vending machine, Wind tunnel,Check weighing machines

Machines in Education and Art

  • Gunderson Do-All Machine - an interconnected network of dozens of machines that have been cross-sectioned to reveal their internal operating mechanisms. This artistically presented engineering marvel was designed by to serve as a mechanical tutorial for young and old alike.

Notes

References

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Source: Wikipedia | The above article is available under the GNU FDL. | Edit this article



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