List of sovereign states

This list of sovereign states, alphabetically arranged, gives an overview of states around the world with information on the extent of their sovereignty. It includes both states widely recognized (de jure) to be sovereign and entities that claim sovereignty while exercising de facto control over (part of) their claimed territory.

Criteria for inclusion

This list derives its definition of a sovereign state from Article 1 of the Montevideo Convention of 1933. According to the Convention, a sovereign state should possess the following qualifications: (a) a permanent population, (b) a defined territory, (c) government, and (d) capacity to enter into relations with the other states. In respect of the last qualification, the role of recognition by other states can often be crucial since it implies acceptance into the international community.^[1] The list includes all states that satisfy these criteria and claim independence; however, the aforementioned qualifications are not absolute and permit variations.

On the basis of the above criteria, this list includes the following 203 entities:

Entities considered to be micronations that are not internationally recognized are not included.

Unlisted are the following noteworthy entities that do not possess all the qualifications in the Montevideo Convention:

The listing or placement of any entity in this article is not meant to imply an official position in any naming dispute.

Internationally recognized sovereign states

Name in English and the official languages of the state^[2]	Information on the extent of the sovereignty^[3]
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A
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Abkhazia Other states
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- Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Persian: ????????? - ?????? ?????? ????????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Albania Albanian: Shqipëria - Republika e Shqipërise Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- People's Democratic Republic of Algeria Arabic: ??????? - ????????? ????????? ??????????? ??????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Principality of Andorra Catalan: Andorra - Principat d?Andorra Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Angola Portuguese: Angola - República de Angola Widely recognized member of the UN. A separatist government in exile claims independence for Cabinda^[4]
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- Antigua and Barbuda English - Antigua and Barbuda Widely recognized member of the UN. Antigua and Barbuda is a Commonwealth Realm^[5] and has a division (dependency), Barbuda, with a autonomous status.^[6]
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- Argentine Republic^[7] Spanish: Argentina - República Argentina Widely recognized member of the UN. Argentina is a federation^[8] divided in provinces and one federal district. Argentine claims also sovereignty over the British overseas territories of the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands^[9]
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- Republic of Armenia Armenian: ???????? - ????????? ??????????????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Commonwealth of Australia English: Australia - Commonwealth of Australia Widely recognized member of the UN. Australia is a Commonwealth Realm^[5] and a federation^[8] of states and territories. Australia has sovereignty over: Ashmore and Cartier Islands Coral Sea Islands Heard Island and McDonald Islands
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- Republic of Austria German: Österreich - Republik Österreich Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10] Austria is a federation^[8] divided in states (Bundesländer).
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- Republic of Azerbaijan Azeri: Az?rbaycan - Az?rbaycan Respublikas? Widely recognized member of the UN. Azerbaijan has one autonomous republic, , and the autonomous region of Nagorno-Karabakh (Da?l?q Qaraba?,).^[6] In Nagorno Karabakh a de facto country in the de jure territory of Azerbaijan has been established.
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B
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- Commonwealth of The Bahamas English: The Bahamas - Commonwealth of The Bahamas Widely recognized member of the UN. The Bahamas is a Commonwealth Realm.^[5]
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- Kingdom of Bahrain Arabic: ??????? - ????? ??????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- People's Republic of Bangladesh Bengali: ???????? - ?????????????? ???????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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English: Barbados Widely recognized member of the UN. Barbados is a Commonwealth Realm.^[5]
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- Republic of Belarus Belarusian: ???????? - ?????????? ???????? Russian: ?????????? - ?????????? ???????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Kingdom of Belgium Dutch: België - Koninkrijk België French: Belgique - Royaume de Belgique German: Belgien - Königreich Belgien Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10] Belgium is a federation^[8] divided in linguistic communities and regions.
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English: Belize Widely recognized member of the UN. Belize is a Commonwealth Realm.^[5]
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- Republic of Benin^[11] French: Bénin - République du Bénin Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Kingdom of Bhutan Dzongkha: ????????? - ?????? ???????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Bolivia Spanish: Bolivia - República de Bolivia Quechua: Bulibiya - Bulibiya Mama Llaqta Aymara: Wuliwya - Wuliwya Suyu Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnian and Croatian: Bosna i Hercegovina Serbian: ????? ? ??????????? / Bosna i Hercegovina Widely recognized member of the UN. As a result of the Dayton Agreement between Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Herzegovina is divided into two constituent entities, the and the .^[12]
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- Republic of Botswana Tswana: Botswana - Lefatshe la Botswana English: Botswana - Republic of Botswana Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Federative Republic of Brazil Portuguese: Brasil - República Federativa do Brasil Widely recognized member of the UN. Brasil is a federation^[8] divided in states and one federal district.
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- Negara Brunei Darussalam Malay: Brunei - Negara Brunei Darussalam Widely recognized member of the UN. Brunei claims sovereignty over part of the Spratly Islands.^[13]
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- Republic of Bulgaria Bulgarian: ???????? - ????????? ???????? Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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- Burkina Faso^[14] French: Burkina Faso Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Union of Myanmar (Burma) Burmese: ??????^[15] ? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Burundi Kirundi: Uburundi - Republika y'Uburundi French: Burundi - République du Burundi Widely recognized member of the UN.
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C
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- Kingdom of Cambodia Cambodian: ??????? - ?????????????? ??????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Cameroon French: Cameroun - République du Cameroun English: Cameroon - Republic of Cameroon Widely recognized member of the UN.
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^[16] English and French: Canada Widely recognized member of the UN. Canada is a Commonwealth Realm^[5] and a federation^[8] divided into provinces and territories.
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- Republic of Cape Verde Portuguese: Cabo Verde - República de Cabo Verde Widely recognized member of the UN.
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French: République Centrafricaine Sangho: Ködörösêse tî Bêafrîka Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Chad French: Tchad - République du Tchad Arabic: ???? - ???????? ???? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Chile Spanish: Chile - República de Chile Widely recognized member of the UN. Easter Island is an integral part of Chile.
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- People's Republic of China^[17] Chinese: ?? - ??????? Widely recognized member of the UN.^[18] Commonly known as China, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has five autonomous regions: Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Xinjiang and Tibet.^[6] Additionally, it has sovereignty over the Special Administrative Regions of (Xianggang)^[19] (Aomen)^[20] It claims sovereignty over Taiwan (Republic of China; ROC) (which claims sovereignty over the whole of China),^[21] the Paracel Islands (disputed by the ROC and Vietnam),^[22] the Spratly Islands (disputed by the ROC, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Brunei),^[13] and the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh and parts of Kashmir.^[23] Tibet and East Turkestan (Xinjiang) have separatist governments in exile.^[4]
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China, Republic of Other states
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- Republic of Colombia Spanish: Colombia - República de Colombia Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Union of the Comoros Komori: Komori - Udzima wa Komori French: Comores - Union des Comores Arabic: ????? - ????? ????? Widely recognized member of the UN. The Comoros is a federation with autonomous islands.^[8]^[6] The Comoros dispute the French sovereignty over Mayotte and the Glorioso Islands.^[9]
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- Democratic Republic of the Congo (Congo-Kinshasa)^[24] French: Congo - République Démocratique du Congo Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of the Congo (Congo-Brazzaville) French: Congo - République du Congo Widely recognized member of the UN.
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Cook Islands New Zealand
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- Republic of Costa Rica Spanish: Costa Rica - República de Costa Rica Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) French: Côte d'Ivoire - République de Côte d'Ivoire Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Croatia Croatian: Hrvatska - Republika Hrvatska Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Cuba Spanish: Cuba - República de Cuba Widely recognized member of the UN. The Cuban area of Guantánamo Bay is as the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base under the permanent control (with no claim of sovereignty) of the United States which pays rent under terms of treaties with Cuba.
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- Republic of Cyprus Greek: ?????? - ???????? ?????????? Turkish: K?br?s - K?br?s Cumhuriyeti Widely recognized^[25] member of the UN and the EU.^[10] See Northern Cyprus for the de facto state in the de jure territory of Cyprus.
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^[26] Czech: ?esko - ?eská republika Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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D
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- Kingdom of Denmark Danish: Danmark - Kongeriget Danmark Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10] The Kingdom of Denmark includes also two autonomous provinces. For more information, see Rigsfællesskabet. (Føroyar/Færøerne) (Kalaallit Nunaat/Grønland)
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- Republic of Djibouti French: Djibouti - République de Djibouti Arabic: ?????? - ??????? ?????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Commonwealth of Dominica English: Dominica - Commonwealth of Dominica Widely recognized member of the UN.
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Spanish: República Dominicana Widely recognized member of the UN.
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E
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- Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste^[27] Tetum: Timor Lorosa'e - Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e Portuguese: Timor-Leste - República Democrática de Timor-Leste Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Ecuador Spanish: Ecuador - República del Ecuador Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Arab Republic of Egypt Arabic: ??? - ???????? ??????????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of El Salvador Spanish: El Salvador - República de El Salvador Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Equatorial Guinea Spanish: Guinea Ecuatorial - Républica de Guinea Ecuatorial Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- State of Eritrea Tigrinya: ???? - ??? ???? Arabic: ?????? - ???? ?????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Estonia Estonian: Eesti - Eesti Vabariik Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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- Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Amharic: ????? - ?????? ????? ??????? ????? Widely recognized member of the UN. Ethiopia is a federation^[8] divided in regions and chartered cities.
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F
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- Republic of the Fiji Islands Fijian: Viti - Matanitu Tu-Vaka-i-koya ko Viti English: Fiji - Republic of the Fiji Islands Hindustani:^[28] ????? / ???? - ????? ??????? / ???? ????? ^[29] Widely recognized member of the UN. Fiji has an autonomous region (dependency), Rotuma.^[6]
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- Republic of Finland Finnish: Suomi - Suomen Tasavalta Swedish: Finland - Republiken Finland Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10] is a neutral and demilitarised autonomous region of Finland.^[30].^[6]
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- French Republic French: France - République française Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10] The French overseas regions/departments (French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion) are legally part of France and France possesses the uninhabited Clipperton Island. The French sovereignty includes also the overseas territories of (Polynésie française) (disputed by Comoros) (Nouvelle-Calédonie) (Saint-Martin) (Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon) (Wallis-et-Futuna) (Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises, uninhabited). It includes the Antarctic claim of Adélie Land. The French sovereignty over Bassas da India, Europa Island and Juan de Nova is disputed by Madagascar, over Glorioso Islands by Madagascar, the Seychelles and the Comoros and Tromelin disputed by Mauritius and the Seychelles.^[9]
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G
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- Gabonese Republic French: Gabon - République Gabonaise Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of The Gambia English: The Gambia - Republic of The Gambia Widely recognized member of the UN.
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Georgian: ?????????? Widely recognized member of the UN. Georgia has three divisions with an autonomous status, , and .^[6] Both in Abkhazia and South Ossetia de facto states inside the de jure territory of Georgia have been formed.
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- Federal Republic of Germany German: Deutschland - Bundesrepublik Deutschland Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10] Germany is a federation^[8] divided in states (Länder).
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- Republic of Ghana English: Ghana - Republic of Ghana Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Hellenic Republic Greek: ?????? - ???????? ?????????? Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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English: Grenada Widely recognized member of the UN. Grenada is a Commonwealth Realm.^[5]
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- Republic of Guatemala Spanish: Guatemala - República de Guatemala Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Guinea French: Guinée - République de Guinée Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Guinea-Bissau Portuguese: Guiné-Bissau - República da Guiné-Bissau Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Co-operative Republic of Guyana English: Guyana - Co-operative Republic of Guyana Widely recognized member of the UN.
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H
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- Republic of Haiti French: Haïti - République d'Haïti Haitian Creole: Ayiti - Repiblik dAyiti Widely recognized member of the UN. Haiti claims the uninhabited United States possession of Navassa.^[9]
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- Republic of Honduras Spanish: Honduras - República de Honduras Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Hungary Hungarian: Magyarország - Magyar Köztársaság Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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I
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- Republic of Iceland Icelandic: Ísland - Lýðveldið Ísland Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of India Hindi: ???? - ???? ??????? English: India - Republic of India Widely recognized member of the UN. India is a federation^[8] divided in states and union territories. The Indian sovereignty over Arunachal Pradesh is disputed by the People's Republic of China.^[9] India claims sovereignty over and occupies part of Kashmir.^[23]
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- Republic of Indonesia Indonesian: Indonesia - Republik Indonesia Widely recognized member of the UN. Indonesia has four provinces with special status, Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Yogyakarta Special Region, Papua, and Jakarta Special Capital Region.^[6] Separatist governments in exile claim independence for the Republic of the South Moluccas and the Republic of West Papua^[31]
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- Islamic Republic of Iran Persian: ????? - ?????? ?????? ????? Widely recognized member of the UN. Divided into provinces and counties
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- Republic of Iraq Arabic: ?????? - ??????? ?????? Kurdish: ????? - ?????? ????? Widely recognized member of the UN. Iraq's constitution labels the country as a federation^[32]^[8] divided in regions, governorates and the capital district. At present the only region is Iraqi Kurdistan.
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- Ireland^[33] Irish: Éire English: Ireland Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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- State of Israel Hebrew: ????? - ????? ????? Arabic: ??????? - ???? ??????? Widely recognized member of the UN.^[34] Israel occupies the Golan Heights and parts of the West Bank and East Jerusalem. It has supervision over the partially occupied Palestinian territories. These occupations are internationally not recognized.^[9] See for more information also Palestine.
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- Italian Republic Italian: Italia - Repubblica Italiana Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10] Italy has autonomous regions, Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sardinia, Sicily and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.^[6]
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Ivory Coast Côte d'Ivoire
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J
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English: Jamaica Widely recognized member of the UN. Jamaica is a Commonwealth Realm.^[5]
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- State of Japan^[35] Japanese: ?? - ??? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Arabic: ?????? - ??????? ?????????? ????????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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K
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- Republic of Kazakhstan Kazakh: ????????? - ????????? ???????????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Kenya English: Kenya - Republic of Kenya Swahili: Kenya - Jamhuri ya Kenya Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Kiribati Gilbertese: Kiribati - Ribaberikin Kiribati English: Kiribati - Republic of Kiribati Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) Korean: ?? - ??????????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Korea (South Korea) Korean: ?? - ???? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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Kosovo Other states
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- State of Kuwait Arabic: ?????? - ???? ?????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Kyrgyz Republic Kyrgyz: ?????????? - ?????? ???????????? Russian: ?????????? - ?????????? ?????????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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L
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- Lao People's Democratic Republic Laotian: ???? - ????????????????????? ?????????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Latvia Latvian: Latvija - Latvijas Republika Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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- Republic of Lebanon Arabic: ????? - ?????????? ????????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Kingdom of Lesotho English: Lesotho - Kingdom of Lesotho Sotho: Lesotho - Mmuso wa Lesotho Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Liberia English: Liberia - Republic of Liberia Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Arabic: ????? - ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Principality of Liechtenstein German: Liechtenstein - Fürstentum Liechtenstein Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Lithuania Lithuanian: Lietuva - Lietuvos Respublika Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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- Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Luxembourgian: Lëtzebuerg - Groussherzogdem Lëtzebuerg French: Luxembourg - Grand-Duché du Luxembourg German: Luxemburg - Großherzogtum Luxemburg Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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M
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^[36] - (Former Yugoslav) Republic of Macedonia Macedonian:^[37] ?????????? - ????????? ?????????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Madagascar Malagasy: Madagasikara - Repoblikan'i Madagasikara French: Madagascar - Republique de Madagascar Widely recognized member of the UN. Madagascar claims the French possessions of the Glorioso Islands and Juan de Nova.^[9]
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- Republic of Malawi English: Malawi - Republic of Malawi Chewa: Mala?i - Mfuko la Mala?i Widely recognized member of the UN.
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Malay: Malaysia Widely recognized member of the UN. Malaysia is a federation^[8] divided in states and federal territories. Malaysia claims part of the Spratly Islands.^[13]
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- Republic of Maldives Divehi: ???????? ???????????? - ?????? ???????? ??????????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Mali French: Mali - République du Mali Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Malta Maltese: Malta - Repubblika ta' Malta English: Malta - Republic of Malta Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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- Republic of the Marshall Islands Marshallese: Aor?kin M?aje? - Aolep?n Aor?kin M?aje? English: Marshall Islands - Republic of the Marshall Islands Widely recognized member of the UN. The Marshall Islands claim the United States territory of Wake Island.^[9]
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- Islamic Republic of Mauritania Arabic: ????????? - ????????? ????????? ??????????? French: Mauritanie - République Islamique de la Mauritanie Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Mauritius English: Mauritius - Republic of Mauritius French: Maurice - République de Maurice Widely recognized member of the UN. Mauritius has an autonomous island, Rodrigues.^[6] Mauritius claims the British Indian Ocean Territory and the French island of Tromelin.^[9]
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- United Mexican States Spanish: México - Estados Unidos Mexicanos Widely recognized member of the UN. Mexico is a federation^[8] divided into states and one federal district.
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- Federated States of Micronesia English: Micronesia - Federated States of Micronesia Widely recognized member of the UN. Micronesia is a federation^[8] divided into states.
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- Republic of Moldova Moldovan^[38]: Moldova - Republica Moldova Widely recognized member of the UN. Moldova has an autonomous region, Gagauzia.^[6] See Transnistria for the de facto state inside the de jure territory of Moldova.
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- Principality of Monaco French: Monaco - Principauté de Monaco Widely recognized member of the UN.
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Mongolian: ?????? ??? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Montenegro Montenegrin: ???? ???? - ????????? ???? ???? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Kingdom of Morocco Arabic: ?????? - ??????? ???????? Widely recognized member of the UN. Morocco claims sovereignty over the Western Sahara and controls most of it, which is disputed by the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.^[39] Morocco disputes the Spanish sovereignty over Ceuta, Isla de Alborán, Isla Perejil, Islas Chafarinas, Melilla and Peñón de Alhucemas.^[9]
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- Republic of Mozambique Portuguese: Moçambique - República de Moçambique Widely recognized member of the UN.
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Myanmar Burma
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N
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Nagorno Karabakh Other states
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- Republic of Namibia English: Namibia - Republic of Namibia Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Nauru Nauruan: Naoero - Republik Naoero English: Nauru - Republic of Nauru Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal Nepali: ????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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The Netherlands - Kingdom of the Netherlands Dutch: Nederland - Koninkrijk der Nederlanden Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10] Legally the Netherlands refers to the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, with the latter consisting of one European country: and the two overseas (associated) countries: (Nederlandse Antillen)
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English: New Zealand M?ori: Aotearoa Widely recognized member of the UN. New Zealand is a Commonwealth Realm^[5] and has sovereignty over the associated states of . The Cook Islands have received some diplomatic recognition^[40] . Niue only has diplomatic relations with New Zealand.
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- Republic of Nicaragua Spanish: Nicaragua - República de Nicaragua Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Niger French: Niger - République du Niger Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Federal Republic of Nigeria English: Nigeria - Federal Republic of Nigeria Widely recognized member of the UN. Nigeria is a federation^[8] divided in states and one federal district.
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Niue New Zealand
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Northern Cyprus Other states
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North Korea Korea, Democratic People's Republic of
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- Kingdom of Norway Norwegian: Norge - Kongeriket Norge / Noreg - Kongeriket Noreg Widely recognized member of the UN. Svalbard is an integral part of Norway, but has a special status due to the Svalbard Treaty. The overseas uninhabited possessions of Bouvet Island and Jan Mayen are integral part of Norway. The Norwegian claim of Peter I Island and Queen Maud Land (Antarctica) as part of Norway is suspendend.^[41]
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O
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- Sultanate of Oman Arabic: ????? - ????? ????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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P
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- Islamic Republic of Pakistan Urdu: ??????? - ?????? ??????? ??????? English: Pakistan - Islamic Republic of Pakistan Widely recognized member of the UN. Pakistan is a federation^[8] divided in provinces and territories. Pakistan claims sovereignty over and occupies part of Kashmir.^[23]
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- Republic of Palau Paluan: Belau - Beluu er a Belau English: Palau - Republic of Palau Widely recognized member of the UN.
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Palestine Other states
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- Republic of Panama Spanish: Panamá - República de Panamá Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Independent State of Papua New Guinea English: Papua New Guinea - Independent State of Papua New Guinea Tok Pisin: Papua Niugini - Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini Widely recognized member of the UN. Papua New Guinea is a Commonwealth Realm^[5] and has an autonomous province, Bougainville Province.^[6]
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- Republic of Paraguay Spanish: Paraguay - República del Paraguay Guarani: Paraguái - Têta Paraguái Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Peru Spanish: Perú - República del Perú Quechua: Piruw - Piruw Mama Llaqta Aymara: Piruw - Piruw Suyu Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of the Philippines Filipino: Pilipinas - Republika ng Pilipinas English: Philippines - Republic of the Philippines Widely recognized member of the UN. The Philippines have has an autonomous region, the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao.^[6] The Philippines claim the Spratly Islands.^[13]
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- Republic of Poland Polish: Polska - Rzeczpospolita Polska Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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- Portuguese Republic Portuguese: Portugal - República Portuguesa Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10] Portugal has two autonomous regions, Azores and Madeira.^[6]
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Pridnestrovie Other states, Transnistria
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Q
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- State of Qatar Arabic: ??? - ???? ??? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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R
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Romanian: România Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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- Russian Federation Russian: ?????? - ?????????? ????????? Widely recognized member of the UN. Russia is a federation^[8]^[42] divided in Subjects of Russia (oblasts, republics, autonomous okrugs, krays, and federal cities). Several of the federal subjects are autonomous republics:^[6]
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- Republic of Rwanda KinyaRwanda: Rwanda - Repubulika y'u Rwanda French: Rwanda - République du Rwanda English: Rwanda - Republic of Rwanda Widely recognized member of the UN.
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S			----
- Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis English: Saint Kitts and Nevis - Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis Widely recognized member of the UN. Saint Kitts and Nevis is a Commonwealth Realm^[5] and is a federation^[8] of the islands.
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English: Saint Lucia Widely recognized member of the UN. Saint Lucia is a Commonwealth Realm.^[5]
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English: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Widely recognized member of the UN. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is a Commonwealth Realm.^[5]
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- Independent State of Samoa Samoan: S?moa - M?lo Tuto'atasi o S?moa English: Samoa - Independent State of Samoa Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Most Serene Republic of San Marino Italian: San Marino - Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe Portuguese: São Tomé e Príncipe - República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe Widely recognized member of the UN. São Tomé and Príncipe has an autonomous province, Príncipe.^[6]
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- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Arabic: ??????? ???????? - ??????? ???????? ?????????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Senegal French: Sénégal - République du Sénégal Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Serbia Serbian: ?????? - ????????? ?????? Widely recognized member of the UN. Serbia has two autonomous provinces, Kosovo and Metohija and Vojvodina.^[6] The Serbian autonomous province of Kosovo and Metohija is currently administered by the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government under the supervision of the UN Interim Administration Mission. Kosovo Albanians have recently unilaterally declared independence which remains largely unrecognized.
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- Republic of Seychelles English: Seychelles - Republic of Seychelles French: Seychelles - République des Seychelles Seselwa: Sesel - Repiblik Sesel Widely recognized member of the UN. The Sechelles claim the British Indian Ocean Territory and the French Glorioso Islands and Tromelin.^[9]
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- Republic of Sierra Leone English: Sierra Leone - Republic of Sierra Leone Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Singapore English: Singapore - Republic of Singapore Malay: Singapura - Republik Singapura Chinese: ??? - ?????? Tamil: ??????????? - ??????????? ???????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Slovak Republic Slovak: Slovensko - Slovenská republika Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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- Republic of Slovenia Slovenian: Slovenija - Republika Slovenija Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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English: Solomon Islands Widely recognized member of the UN. The Solomon Islands is a Commonwealth Realm.^[5]
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- Somali Republic Somali: Soomaaliya - Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya Arabic: ??????? - ??????? ??????? Widely recognized member of the UN. Somalia is presently fragmented with its Transitional National Government. Somalia disputed the Yemenite sovereignty over Socotra.^[9] See Somaliland for the de facto country inside the de jure territory of Somalia.
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- Republic of South Africa English: South Africa - Republic of South Africa Afrikaans: Suid-Afrika - Republiek van Suid-Afrika Xhosa: Mzantsi Afrika - IRiphabliki yaseMzantsi Afrika Zulu: Ningizimu Afrika - IRiphabliki yaseNingizimu Afrika Ndbele: Sewula Afrika - IRiphabliki yeSewula Afrika North Sotho: Afrika-Borwa - Rephaboliki ya Afrika-Borwa Sotho: Afrika Borwa - Rephaboliki ya Afrika Borwa Tswana: Aforika Borwa - Rephaboliki ya Aforika Borwa Swazi: Ningizimu Afrika - IRiphabhulikhi yeNingizimu Afrika Venda: Afurika Tshipembe - Riphabu?iki ya Afurika Tshipembe Tsonga: Afrika Dzonga - Riphabliki ra Afrika Dzonga Widely recognized member of the UN.
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South Korea Korea, Republic of
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South Ossetia Other states
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- Kingdom of Spain Spanish: España - Reino de España Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10] Spain is divided in autonomous communities and cities./> The sovereignty over Ceuta, Isla de Alborán, Isla Perejil, Islas Chafarinas, Melilla and Peñón de Alhucemas is disputed by Morocco. Spain disputes the British sovereignty over Gibraltar.^[9]
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- Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Sinhala: ???? ????? - Tamil: ?????? - ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? Widely recognized member of the UN. Tamil Eelam has a separatist government that controls part of Sri Lanka.(see source). It strives after an independent country but has not yet declared independence.
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- Republic of the Sudan Arabic: ??????? - ??????? ??????? English: Sudan - Republic of the Sudan Widely recognized member of the UN. Sudan is a federation^[8] divided in states and it has one autonomous region, Southern Sudan, formed out of the Southern Sudanese states.^[6]
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- Republic of Suriname Dutch: Suriname - Republiek Suriname Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Kingdom of Swaziland English: Swaziland - Kingdom of Swaziland Swazi: eSwatini - Umbuso weSwatini Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Kingdom of Sweden Swedish: Sverige - Konungariket Sverige Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10]
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- Swiss Confederation German: Schweiz - Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft French: Suisse - Confédération Suisse Italian: Svizzera - Confederazione Svizzera Raeto-Romance: Svizra - Confederaziun Svizra Widely recognized member of the UN. Switzerland is a federation^[8] divided in cantons.
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- Syrian Arab Republic Arabic: ????? - ?????????? ???????? ????????? Widely recognized member of the UN. The Golan is occupied by Israel. Syria disputed the Turkish sovereignty over Hatay Province.^[9]
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T
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Taiwan Other states
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- Republic of Tajikistan Tajik: ?????????? - ???????? ?????????? Widely recognized member of the UN. Tajikistan has an autonomous province, Gorno-Badakhshan.^[6]
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- United Republic of Tanzania Swahili: Tanzania - Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania Widely recognized member of the UN. Tanzania is a federacy with an autonomous status for Zanzibar.^[6]
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- Kingdom of Thailand Thai: ????????? - ?????????????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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Timor-Leste East Timor
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- Togolese Republic French: Togo - République Togolaise Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Kingdom of Tonga Tongan: Tonga - Pule'anga Fakatu'i 'o Tonga English: Tonga - Kingdom of Tonga Widely recognized member of the UN.
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Transnistria Other states
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- Republic of Trinidad and Tobago English: Trinidad and Tobago - Republic of Trinidad and Tobago Widely recognized member of the UN. Trinidad and Tobago has an autonomous island, Tobago.^[6]
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- Tunisian Republic Arabic: ???? - ????????? ???????? Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Turkey Turkish: Türkiye - Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Widely recognized member of the UN. The Turkish sovereignty over the Hatay Province is disputed by Syria^[9]
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Turkmenian: Türkmenistan Widely recognized member of the UN.
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Tuvaluan and English: Tuvalu Widely recognized member of the UN. Tuvalu is a Commonwealth Realm.^[5]
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U
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- Republic of Uganda English: Uganda - Republic of Uganda Swahili: Uganda - Jamhuri ya Uganda Widely recognized member of the UN.
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Ukrainian: ??????? Widely recognized member of the UN. Ukraine has an autonomous republic, .^[6]
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- United Arab Emirates Arabic: ???????? ???????? ???????? Widely recognized member of the UN. The United Arab Emirates is a federation^[8] divided into emirates.
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- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland English: United Kingdom - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Widely recognized member of the UN and the EU.^[10] The United Kingdom is a Commonwealth Realm^[5] and divided into constituent countries: Northern Ireland? The United Kingdom has the following overseas territories: Akrotiri and Dhekelia (claimed by Mauritius and the Seychelles)^[9] (claimed by Argentina)^[9] (claimed by Spain)^[9] (with its dependencies of Ascension Island and ) (claimed by Argentina)^[9] ^[9] (disputed) The British Crown has sovereignty over (with the dependencies of , and )
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English: United States of America Widely recognized member of the UN. The United States is a federation^[8] divided in states, a federal district, and one territory. The United States has sovereignty over the following (inhabited) territories and commonwealths Besides these, there are uninhabited territories in the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea: Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Palmyra Atoll, Wake Island (disputed by the Marshall Islands) as well as Navassa Island (disputed by Haiti).^[9] Of these only Palmyra Atoll is fully incorporated and considered a part of the US. The Cuban area of Guantánamo Bay is as the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base under the permanent control (with no claim of sovereignty) of the United States which pays rent under terms of treaties with Cuba.
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- Eastern Republic of Uruguay Spanish: Uruguay - República Oriental del Uruguay Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Uzbekistan Uzbek: O'zbekiston - O?zbekiston Respublikasi = ?????????? - ?????????? ???????????? Widely recognized member of the UN. Uzbekistan has an autonomous republic, .^[6]
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V
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- Republic of Vanuatu Bislama: Vanuatu - Ripablik blong Vanuatu English: Vanuatu - Republic of Vanuatu French: Vanuatu - République du Vanuatu Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- State of the Vatican City Latin: Civitas Vaticana - Status Civitatis Vaticanæ Italian: Città del Vaticano - Stato della Città del Vaticano Widely recognized country, observer state in the United Nations.^[43] Vatican City is administered by a President of the Government appointed by the Pope, with the latter being the head of the Holy See and that of the Vatican City concurrently.
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- Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela Spanish: Venezuela - República Bolivariana de Venezuela Widely recognized member of the UN. Venezuela is a federation^[8] divided in states, one federal dependency and one federal district.
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- Socialist Republic of Vietnam Vietnamese: Vi?t Nam - C?ng hòa Xã h?i Ch? ngh?a Vi?t Nam Widely recognized member of the UN. Vietnam claims sovereignty over the Paracel Islands^[22] and the Spratly Islands.^[13]
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W
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Western Sahara Other states
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Y
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- Republic of Yemen Arabic: ????? - ?????????? ??????? Widely recognized member of the UN. The Yemenite sovereignty over Socotra is disputed by Somalia.^[9]
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Z
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- Republic of Zambia English: Zambia - Republic of Zambia Widely recognized member of the UN.
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- Republic of Zimbabwe English: Zimbabwe - Republic of Zimbabwe Widely recognized member of the UN.
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Other states

This annex lists states that claim sovereignty and have control over (part of) its claimed territory, but due to disputes over their legitimacy, do not have normal diplomatic relations with the majority of sovereign states. Entities considered to be micronations are not included.