List of sequenced eukaryotic genomes
This list of sequenced eukaryotic genomes contains all the eukaryotes known to have publicly available complete nuclear and organelle genome sequences that have been assembled, annotated and published; draft genomes are not included, nor are organelle only sequences.
DNA was first sequenced in 1977. The first free-living organism to have its genome completely sequenced was the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae Saccharomyces cerevisiae Caenorhabditis elegans
Protists
Chromista
The Chromista are a group of protists that contains the algal phyla Heterokontophyta , Haptophyta and Cryptophyta . Members of this group are mostly studied for evolutionary interest.
Alveolata
Alveolata are a group of protists which includes the Ciliophora , Apicomplexa and
Dinoflagellata . Members of this group are of particular interest to science as the cause of serious human and livestock diseases.
Excavata
Excavata is a group of related free living and symbiotic protists; it includes the Metamonada , Loukozoa , Euglenozoa and Percolozoa . They are researched for their role in human disease.
Amoebozoa
Amoebozoa are a group of motile amoeboid protists, members of this group move or feed by means of temporary projections, called pseudopods . The best known member of this group is the slime mold which has been studied for centuries; other members include the Archamoebae , Tubulinea and Flabellinea . Some Amoeboza cause disease.
Organism
Type
Relevance
Genome size
Number of genes predicted
Organization
Year of completion
Dictyostelium discoideum Strain:AX4 Slime mold Model organism
34 Mb
12,500[15]
Consortium from University of Cologne, Baylor College of Medicine and the Sanger Centre
2005[15]
Entamoeba histolytica HM1:IMSS Parasitic protozoan
Human pathogen (amoebic dysentery )
23.8 Mb
9,938[16]
TIGR, Sanger Institute and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
2005[16]
Plants
Organism
Type
Relevance
Genome size
Number of genes predicted
Organization
Year of completion
Arabidopsis thaliana Ecotype:Columbia Wild mustard
Model plant120 Mb
25,498[17]
Arabidopsis Genome Initiative[18]
2000[17]
Cyanidioschyzon merolae Strain:10D Red alga Simple eukaryote
16.5 Mb
5,331[19]
University of Tokyo, Rikkyo University, Saitama University and Kumamoto University
2004[19]
Oryza sativa ssp indica Rice Crop and model organism
420 Mb
32-50,000[20]
Beijing Genomics Institute, Zhejiang University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences
2002[20]
Oryza sativa ssp japonica Rice
Crop and model organism
466 Mb
46,022-55,615[21]
Syngenta and Myriad Genetics
2002[21]
Ostreococcus tauri Green alga Simple eukaryote
12.6 Mb
Laboratoire Arago
2006[22]
Physcomitrella patens Bryophyte Model organism
early diverging land plant
500 Mb
39,458[23]
US Department of Energy Office of Science Joint Genome Institute
2008[23]
Populus trichocarpa Balsam poplar or Black Cottonwood
Carbon sequestration, model tree, commercial use (timber), and comparison to A. thaliana
550 Mb
45,555[24]
The International Poplar Genome Consortium
2006[24]
Vitis vinifera Grapevine PN40024
Fruit crop
490 Mb[25]
30,434[25]
The French-Italian Public Consortium for Grapevine Genome Characterization
2007[25]
Fungi
Organism
Type
Relevance
Genome size
Number of genes predicted
Organization
Year of completion
Ashbya gossypii Strain:ATCC 10895 Fungus Plant pathogen
9.2 Mb
4,718[26]
SyngentaAG and University of Basel 2004[26]
Aspergillus fumigatus Strain:Af293 Fungus
Human pathogen
29.4 Mb
9,926[27]
Sanger Institute , University of Manchester , TIGR , Institut Pasteur, Nagasaki University, University of Salamanca and OpGen 2005[27]
Aspergillus nidulans Strain:FGSC A4 Fungus
Model organism
30 Mb
9,500[28]
2005[28]
Aspergillus niger Strain:CBS 513.88 Fungus
Biotechnology - fermentation
33.9 Mb
14,165[29]
2007[29]
Aspergillus oryzae Strain:RIB40 Fungus
Used to ferment soy
37 Mb
12,074[30]
National Institute of Technology and Evaluation
2005[30]
Candida glabrata Strain:CBS138 Fungus
Human pathogen
12.3 Mb
5,283[31]
Génolevures Consortium [32]
2004[31]
Cryptococcus (Filobasidiella) neoformans JEC21 Fungus
Human pathogen
20 Mb
6,500[33]
TIGR and Stanford University
2005[33]
Debaryomyces hansenii Strain:CBS767 Yeast Cheese ripening
12.2 Mb
6,906[31]
Génolevures Consortium
2004[31]
Encephalitozoon cuniculi Microsporidium Human pathogen
2.9 Mb
1,997[34]
Genoscope and Université Blaise Pascal2001[34]
Kluyveromyces lactis Strain:CLIB210 Yeast
10-12 Mb
5,329[31]
Génolevures Consortium
2004[31]
Magnaporthe grisea Fungus
Plant pathogen
37.8 Mb
11,109[35]
2005[35]
Neurospora crassa Fungus
Model eukaryote
40 Mb
10,082[28]
Broad Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, University of Kentucky, and the University of Kansas
2003[28]
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strain:S288C Baker's yeast
Model eukaryote
12.1 Mb
6,294[36]
International Collaboration for the Yeast Genome Sequencing[37]
1996[36]
Schizosaccharomyces pombe Strain:972h Yeast
Model eukaryote
14 Mb
4,824[38]
Sanger Institute and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
2002[38]
Yarrowia lipolytica Strain:CLIB99 Yeast
Industrial uses
20 Mb
6,703[31]
Génolevures Consortium
2004[31]
Mammals
Organism
Type
Shotgun Coverage Genome size
Number of genes predicted
Organization
Year of completion
Bos taurus Cow
6*
3.0 Gb [39]
Cattle Genome Sequencing International Consortium
Canis lupus familiaris Dog
7.6*
2.4 Gb[40]
19,300[40]
Broad Institute and Agencourt Bioscience 2005[40]
Cavia porcellus Guinea Pig
2*
3.4 Gb
The Genome Sequencing Platform , The Genome Assembly Team [39]
Dasypus novemcinctus Nine-banded Armadillo
2* [41]
3.0 Gb
Broad Institute [39]
Echinops telfairi Hedgehog-Tenrec
2* [41]
Broad Institute
Equus caballus Horse
6.8*
2.1 Gb [39]
Broad Institute et al.[39] 2007 [42]
Erinaceus europaeus Western European Hedgehog
2* [41]
Broad Institute
Felis catus Cat
2*
3 Gb
20,285
The Genome Sequencing Platform , The Genome Assembly Team [39] 2007[43]
Homo sapiens Human
3.2 Gb [44]
25,000[44]
Human Genome Project Consortium and Celera GenomicsDraft 2001[45] [46] [47]
Loxodonta africana African Elephant
2* [41]
3 Gb
Broad Institute
Macaca mulatta Rhesus Macaque
6*
Macaque Genome Sequencing Consortium[39]
Microcebus murinus Gray Mouse Lemur
2* [41]
The Genome Sequencing Platform , The Genome Assembly Team [39]
Monodelphis domestica Gray Short-tailed Opossum 3.475 Gb [48]
18 - 20,000
Broad Institute et al.2007[49]
Mus musculus Mouse
2.5 Gb
24,174[50]
International Collaboration for the Mouse Genome Sequencing[51]
2002[50]
Myotis lucifugus Little Brown Bat
2* [39]
Broad Institute
Ochotona princeps American Pika
2* [41]
Broad Institute
Ornithorhynchus anatinus [48] Platypus
6* [39]
Washington University
Oryctolagus cuniculus Rabbit
2* [41]
2.5 Gb
Broad Institute et al. [39]
Otolemur garnettii Small-eared Galago, or Bushbaby
2* [41]
Broad Institute
Pan troglodytes Chimpanzee
6* [39]
3.1 Gb
Chimpanzee Sequencing and Analysis Consortium 2005[52]
Pongo pygmaeus Orangutan
3.0 Gb
Institute for Molecular Biotechnology [39]
Rattus norvegicus Rat
1.8* or better
2.8 Gb [39]
21,166[53]
Rat Genome Sequencing Project Consortium
2004[53]
Sorex araneus European Shrew
2* [41]
3.0 Gb [39]
The Genome Sequencing Platform , The Genome Assembly Team [39]
Spermophilus tridecemlineatus Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrel
2*
The Genome Sequencing Platform , The Genome Assembly Team [39]
Tupaia belangeri Northern Tree Shrew
2*
Broad Institute [39]
Other Animals
Organism
Type
Relevance
Genome size
Number of genes predicted
Organization
Year of completion
Anopheles gambiae Strain: PEST Mosquito Vector of malaria 278 Mb
13,683[54]
Celera Genomics and Genoscope 2002[54]
Apis mellifera Honey bee
1.8 Gb
10,157[55]
The Honeybee Genome Sequencing Consortium
2006[55]
Bombyx mori Strain:p50T Moth (domestic silk worm)Silk production530 Mb
University of Tokyo and National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences 2004[56]
Caenorhabditis briggsae Nematode wormFor comparison with C. elegans
104 Mb
19,500[57]
Washington University, Sanger Institute and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
2003[57]
Caenorhabditis elegans Strain:Bristol N2 Nematode worm
Model animal
97 Mb
19,000[58]
Washington University and the Sanger Institute
1998[58]
Ciona intestinalis Tunicate Simple chordate
116.7 Mb
16,000[59]
Joint Genome Institute
2003[59]
Ciona savignyi Tunicate 174 Mb
Broad Institute
2007[60]
Drosophila melanogaster Fruit fly Model animal
165 Mb
13,600[61]
Celera, UC Berkeley, Baylor College of Medicine, European DGP
2000[61]
Gallus gallus Chicken 1 Gb
20-23,000[62]
International Chicken Genome Sequencing Consortium
2004[62]
Meloidogyne hapla Northern root-knot nematode
Vegetable pathogen
54 Mb
14,420[63]
2008[63]
Pristionchus pacificus Nematode worm
Model invertebrate 169 Mb
23,500[64]
Max-Planck Institute for Developmental Biology &
Genome Sequencing Center, Washington University School of Medicine
2008[64]
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Sea urchin Model eukaryote
814 Mb
23,300[65]
Sea Urchin Genome Sequencing Consortium
2006[65]
Takifugu rubripes Puffer fish Vertebrate with small genome
390 Mb
22-29,000[66]
International Fugu Genome Consortium[67]
2002[68]
Tetraodon nigroviridis Puffer fish Vertebrate with compact genome
340 Mb[69]
22,400[69]
Genoscope and the Broad Institute 2004[69]
See also
References
External links
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