This article is a list of major epidemics.

Worldwide pandemics

The following are epidemics which spread across several continents.

• 165 ? 180: Antonine Plague, perhaps smallpox
• 541: the Plague of Justinian^[1]
• 1300s: the Black Death
• 1501 ? 1587: typhus
• 1732 ? 1733: influenza
• 1775 ? 1776: influenza
• 1816 ? 1826: cholera
• 1829 ? 1851: cholera
• 1847 ? 1848: influenza
• 1852 ? 1860: cholera
• 1855 ? 1950s: bubonic plague: Third Pandemic
• 1857 ? 1859: influenza
• 1863 ? 1875: cholera
• 1889 ? 1892: influenza
• 1899 ? 1923: cholera
• 1918 ? 1920: avian flu: Spanish flu: more people were hospitalized in World War I from this epidemic than wounds. Estimates of the dead range from 20 to 100 million worldwide (WHO)
• 1960s: cholera called El Tor
• 1980s ? present: HIV

Regional

Asia

• 1334: Black Death ? China^[2]
• 1347: Black Death ? Anatolia^[3]
• 1349: Black Death ? Mecca^[4]
• 1353 ? 1354: Black Death ? China
• 1560: plague ? Istanbul, the Ottoman capital
• 1812: plague ? Istanbul, Ottoman Empire
• 1829 ? 1835: plague ? Persia
• 1903: plague ? India^[5]
• 1957 ? 1958: avian influenza: Asian flu
• 1968 ? 1969: avian influenza: Hong Kong flu
• 1994: Bubonic plague ? India
• 1997: avian influenza ? China, Hong Kong
• 2002 ? 2003: SARS
• 2004: dengue fever ? Indonesia
• 2004: cholera ? Bangladesh^[6]
• 2004: leishmaniasis: Afghanistan^[7]
• 2006: malaria ? India^[8]
• 2006: dengue fever ? India^[9]
• 2006: dengue fever ? Philippines
• 2006: dengue fever ? Pakistan
• 2006: chikungunya ? India^[10]
• 2007: cholera ? Iraq (2007 Iraq cholera outbreak)^[11]
• 2007: cholera ? India^[12]
• 2007: cholera: Vietnam^[13]
• 2008: dengue fever ? Cambodia^[14]
• 2008: hand, foot and mouth disease ? China
• 2008: dengue fever ? Philippines^[15]

Africa

• 1347 ? 1349: Black Death ? North Africa^[16]
• 1840: smallpox ? Cape Town
• 1896 ? 1906: sleeping sickness ? Congo basin^[17]
• 1900 - yellow fever - West Africa
• 1900 ? 1920: sleeping sickness ? Uganda^[18]
• 1980s ? present: HIV/AIDS in Africa^[19]
• 2001: cholera ? Nigeria^[20]
• 2001: cholera ? South Africa^[21]
• 2004: ebola ? Sudan
• 2004: cholera ? Senegal^[22]
• 2006: plague ? Ituri, Democratic Republic of the Congo
• 2006: cholera ? Luanda, Angola^[23]
• 2007: ebola ? Mweka, Democratic Republic of the Congo^[24]
• 2007: cholera ? Ethiopia^[25]
• 2007: ebola ? Uganda
• 2007: infantile paralysis ? Nigeria^[26]
• 2007: cholera ? Somalia^[27]
• 2008: plague ? Madagascar^[28]
• 2008: cholera ? Chad^[29]

Australia

• 1789 ? 1790: smallpox ? Aborigines of NSW^[30]
• 1828: smallpox ? Aborigines of New South Wales^[31]
• 1829: smallpox ? South Australia^[32]
• 1857: smallpox ? Victoria^[33]
• 1867: measles ? Sydney

Central and South America

• 1493: influenza ? Hispaniola
• 1507: smallpox ? Hispaniola^[34]
• 1515: smallpox ? Puerto Rico
• 1518: smallpox ? Hispaniola
• 1520: smallpox ? Mexico^[35]
• 1527 ? 1530: smallpox ? Peru
• 1530 ? 1531: measles ? Mexico, Peru
• 1546: typhus ? Mexico, Peru
• 1555: smallpox ? Brazil
• 1558 ? 1559: influenza ? Mexico, Peru
• 1561: smallpox ? Chile
• 1576: haemorrhagic fever ? Mexico^[36]
• early 1600s: malaria
• 1648: yellow fever
• 1980s ? present: HIV/AIDS in Haiti^[37]
• 1990s: cholera
• 2000: dengue fever ? Central America^[38]
• 2007: dengue fever ? Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic, Mexico^[39]
• 2008: dengue fever ? Brazil

Europe

• 1347 ? 1351: Black Death
• 1428: plague ? London, England^[40]
• 1466: plague ? Paris, France
• 1489: typhus ? Granada, Spain
• 1485: sweating sickness ? England
• 1494 ? 1495: plague ? Iceland
• 1498: plague ? England^[41]
• 1509 ? 1510: plague ? England
• 1527: plague ? Germany
• 1557: plague ? Valencia, Spain
• 1563 ? 1564: plague ? England
• 1570: plague ? Moscow, Russia
• 1574: plague ? Edinburgh, Scotland
• 1596 ? 1602: plague ? Spain^[42]
• 1603: plague ? London, England
• 1630: Great Plague of Milan ? Milan, Italy
• 1630 ? 1631: plague ? Venice, Italy
• 1636: plague ? Newcastle, England
• 1647 ? 1652: Great Plague of Seville ? Spain
• 1656: plague ? Naples, Italy
• 1663 ? 1664: plague ? Amsterdam, Netherlands
• 1665: Great Plague of London ? London, England
• 1668: plague ? France
• 1676 ? 1685: plague ? Spain
• 1679: Great Plague of Vienna ? Vienna, Austria
• 1710 ? 1711: plague ? Stockholm, Sweden
• 1720 ? 1722: Great Plague of Marseille ? France
• 1730: yellow fever - Cadiz, Spain
• 1743: plague ? Messina, Italy
• 1771: plague ? Moscow, Russia
• 1778: dengue fever - Cadiz, Spain
• 1800-1803: yellow fever - Spain^[43]
• 1813: plague ? Bucharest, Romania
• 1816 ? 1819: typhus ? Ireland
• 1821: yellow fever - Barcelona, Spain^[44]
• 1832: cholera ? London, Paris
• 1857: yellow fever - Lisbon, Portugal
• 1866 ? 1867: cholera ? Russia, Germany
• 1870 ? 1871: smallpox ? Germany
• 1881 ? 1896: cholera ? Hamburg, Germany
• 1918 ? 1922: typhus ? Russia
• 1972: smallpox ? Yugoslavia (1972 outbreak of smallpox in Yugoslavia)

Egypt

• 1801: Bubonic plague
• 1831: cholera
• 1834 ? 1836: Bubonic plague
• 1848: cholera
• 1865: cholera
• 1881: cholera
• 1902: cholera
• 1942 ? 1944: falciparum malaria
• 1946: relapsing fever
• 1947: cholera

North America

• 1592 ? 1596: measles ? Seneca Indians^[45]
• 1617 ? 1619: smallpox ? Massachusetts Bay area^[46]
• 1630: smallpox ? Hurons of Ontario
• 1634: smallpox ? Indians living along the Connecticut River
• 1633: smallpox ? Plymouth Colony
• 1657: measles ? Boston, Massachusetts
• 1687: measles ? Boston, Massachusetts
• 1690: yellow fever ? New York, New York
• 1713: measles ? Boston, Massachusetts
• 1713 ? 1715: measles ? Indians of New England and the Great Lakes
• 1721 ? 1722: smallpox ? Boston, Massachusetts^[47]
• 1729: measles ? Boston, Massachusetts
• 1738: smallpox ? South Carolina
• 1739 ? 1740: measles ? Boston, Massachusetts
• 1747: measles ? Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina
• 1755 ? 1756: smallpox ? North America
• 1759: measles ? North America
• 1761: influenza ? North America and West Indies
• 1770s: smallpox ? Northwest Coast Indians^[48]
• 1772: measles ? North America
• 1775: unknown cause ? North America, particularly in the northeast
• 1780 ? 1782: smallpox ? Plains Indians^[49]
• 1783: bilious disorder ? Dover, Delaware
• 1788: measles ? Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and New York
• 1788: smallpox ? Pueblo Indians
• 1793: influenza and "putrid fever" ? Vermont
• 1793: influenza ? Virginia
• 1793: yellow fever ? Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1793)^[50]
• 1793: unknown ? Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
• 1793: unknown ? Middletown, Pennsylvania
• 1794: yellow fever ? Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
• 1796 ? 1797: yellow fever ? Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
• 1798: yellow fever ? Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
• 1803: yellow fever ? New York
• 1820 ? 1823: fever ? United States spreading from the Schuylkill River
• 1831 ? 1832: Asiatic cholera ? United States (brought by English immigrants)
• 1831 ? 1834: smallpox ? Plains Indians
• 1832: cholera ? New York City and other major cities
• 1833: cholera ? Columbus, Ohio
• 1834: cholera ? New York City
• 1837: typhus ? Philadelphia
• 1837 ? 1838: smallpox ? Great Plains (1837-38 smallpox epidemic)
• 1841: yellow fever ? United States (especially severe in the South)
• 1847: yellow fever New Orleans
• 1848 ? 1849: cholera ? North America
• 1849: cholera New York
• 1850: yellow fever ? United States
• 1850 ? 1851: influenza ? North America
• 1851: cholera Coles County, Illinois, The Great Plains, and Missouri
• 1852: yellow fever ? United States (New Orleans-8,000 die in summer)
• 1855: yellow fever ? United States
• 1860 ? 1861: smallpox ? Pennsylvania
• 1862, smallpox - Pacific Northwest, particularly the British Columbia Coast and Interior
• 1865 ? 1873: smallpox ? Philadelphia, New York City, Boston, New Orleans
• 1865 ? 1873: cholera ? Baltimore, Maryland, Memphis, Washington, DC
• 1865 ? 1873: recurring epidemics of typhus, typhoid, scarlet fever, and yellow fever
• 1873 ? 1875: influenza ? North America and Europe
• 1876: smallpox ? Deadwood, South Dakota
• 1878: yellow fever ? Memphis, New Orleans
• 1885: typhoid ? Plymouth, Pennsylvania
• 1886: yellow fever ? Jacksonville, Florida
• 1900 ? 1904: "Third Pandemic" ? San Francisco^[51]
• 1918 ? 1920: Spanish flu ? United States, Canada, Mexico (worldwide)
• 1999 ? 2003: West Nile virus ? United States and Canada
• 1980 ? present: HIV/AIDS in the United States^[52]

See also

• Pandemic
• List of historical plagues
• List of natural disasters
• Globalization and disease
• Infectious diseases
• Tropical diseases
• Diseases of poverty

Notes

References

• News About Epidemics

On Egypt

• Kuhnke, Laverne. Lives at Risk: Public Health in Nineteenth-Century Egypt.http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft5t1nb3mq/ Berkeley: University of California Press, c1990.
• Gallagher, Nancy. Egypt's Other Wars: Epidemics and the Politics of Public Health. Syracuse University Press, c1990. Published by the American University in Cairo Press. ISBN 977-424-295-5

simple:List of epidemics