Leopold I (August 4, 1290 - February 28, 1326) was a Duke of Austria and Styria from the Habsburg family.

He was the third son of King Albert I of Germany and Elisabeth of Tirol. He was a brother of Duke Frederick III the Handsome (also King of the Romans).

After the death of his parents, he became the head of the House of Habsburg. As the administrator of Further Austria, he incurred a decisive loss against the Swiss in the Battle of Morgarten in 1315. He also struggled to have his brother Frederick elected as King. After Frederick's capture by King Louis the Bavarian after the Battle of Mühldorf he struggled for his release.

Leopold married Catherine of Savoy (1284-1336), daughter of Amadeus V, Count of Savoy in 1315. They had two daughters: Katherine (1320-1349), married Enguerrand VI, Lord of Coucy, and Agnes of Austria (1321/26-1392).

He died in Strassburg in 1326.

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