The front of the structures

The farmstead consists of two adjacent rounded rectangular thick walled buildings with very low doorways facing to sea, the larger and older linked by a low passageway to the other which has been interpreted as a workshop or a second house. They were constructed on an earlier midden, and surrounded by midden material which has protected them. There are no windows, and they were presumably lit by a hole in the roof to let out smoke. They stand close to the shore, but when originally built lay inland. The shore shows how the local stone splits into thin slabs, giving a ready source of construction material.

Looking back through the low entrance doorway into the main house, a visitor's rucksack gives an idea of scale.

The main house now looks out over the sea.

Evidence from the middens shows that the inhabitants were keeping cattle, sheep and pigs, cultivating barley and wheat and gathering shellfish as well as fishing for species which have to be line caught using boats.

Finds of finely made and decorated Unstan ware pottery link the inhabitants to chambered cairn tombs nearby and to sites far afield including Balbridie and Eilean Domhnuill.

See also

• Prehistoric Scotland - Farmers and monument builders

References

• Scotland Before History - Stuart Piggott, Edinburgh University Press 1982, ISBN 0-85224-348-0
• Scotland's Hidden History - Ian Armit, Tempus (in association with Historic Scotland) 1998, ISBN 0-7486-6067-4
• The Other Orkney Book - Gordon Thomson, Northabout Publishing 1980, ISBN 0-907200-00-1

External links

• Orkneyjar - The Knap o' Howar
• Knap of Howar, Papa Westray.
• Knap of Howar - Neolithic Houses - Ancient Sites Directory

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