Events

• 70 - Titus and his Roman legions breach the middle wall of Jerusalem in the Siege of Jerusalem.
• 1257 - Kraków, Poland receive city rights.
• 1305 - Pope Clement V is elected.
• 1798 - The Battle of New Ross: The attempt to spread United Irish Rebellion into Munster is defeated.
• 1817 - The first Great Lakes steamer, the Frontenac, is launched.
• 1829 - The HMS Pickle captures the armed slave ship Voladora off the coast of Cuba.
• 1837 - Houston, Texas is incorporated by the Republic of Texas.
• 1849 - Denmark becomes a constitutional monarchy by the signing of a new constitution.
• 1851 - Harriet Beecher Stowe's anti-slavery serial, Uncle Tom's Cabin or, Life Among the Lowly starts a ten-month run in the National Era abolitionist newspaper.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Piedmont: Union forces under General David Hunter defeat a Confederate army at Piedmont, Virginia, taking nearly 1,000 prisoners.
• 1888 - The Rio de la Plata Earthquake takes place.
• 1900 - Second Boer War: British soldiers take Pretoria.
• 1915 - Denmark amends its constitution to allow women's suffrage.
• 1916 - Louis Brandeis is sworn in as a Justice of the United States Supreme Court.
• 1917 - World War I: Conscription begins in the United States as "Army registration day."
• 1933 - The U.S. Congress abrogates the United States' use of the gold standard by enacting a joint resolution (48 Stat. 112) nullifying the right of creditors to demand payment in gold.
• 1941 - Four thousands Chongqing residents were asphyxiated in a bomb shelter during the Bombing of Chongqing.
• 1944 - World War II: More than 1000 British bombers drop 5,000 tons of bombs on German gun batteries on the Normandy coast in preparation for D-Day.
• 1945 - Allied Control Council, military occupation governing body of Germany, formally takes power.
• 1946 - A fire in the LaSalle Hotel in Chicago, Illinois kills 61 people.
• 1947 - Marshall Plan: At a speech at Harvard University, United States Secretary of State George Marshall calls for economic aid to war-torn Europe.
• 1956 - Elvis Presley introduces his new single, "Hound Dog", on The Milton Berle Show, scandalizing the audience with his suggestive hip movements.
• 1959 - The first government of the State of Singapore is sworn in.
• 1963 - British Secretary of State for War John Profumo resigns in a sex scandal.
• 1963 - Movement of 15 Khordad: Protest against arrest of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini by Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. In several cities, masses of angry demonstrators are confronted by tanks and paratroopers.
• 1967 - Six-Day War begins: The Israeli air force launches simultaneous pre-emptive attacks on the air forces of Egypt, Jordan, and Syria.
• 1968 - U.S. presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy is shot at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles, California by Palestinian Sirhan Sirhan. Kennedy dies the next day.
• 1969 - The International communist conference begins in Moscow.
• 1970 - Chile becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
• 1975 - The Suez Canal opens for the first time since the Six-Day War.
• 1975 - The United Kingdom holds its first and only country-wide referendum, on remaining in the European Economic Community (EEC).
• 1976 - Collapse of the Teton Dam in Idaho, United States.
• 1977 - A coup takes place in Seychelles.
• 1977 - The Apple II, the first practical personal computer, goes on sale.
• 1981 - The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report that five people in Los Angeles, California have a rare form of pneumonia seen only in patients with weakened immune systems, in what turns out to be the first recognized cases of AIDS.
• 1984 - Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi orders an attack on the Golden Temple, the holiest site of the Sikh religion.
• 1989 - The Unknown Rebel halts the progress of a column of advancing tanks for over half an hour after the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989.
• 1995 - The Bose-Einstein condensate is first created.
• 1998 - A strike begins at the General Motors parts factory in Flint, Michigan, that quickly spreads to five other assembly plants (the strike lasted seven weeks).
• 2001 - U.S. Senator Jim Jeffords leaves the Republican Party, an act which shifts control of the United States Senate from the Republicans to the Democratic Party.
• 2001 - Tropical Storm Allison makes landfall on the upper-Texas coastline as a strong tropical storm and dumps large amounts of rain over Houston. The storm caused $5.5 billion in damages, making Allison the costliest tropical storm in U.S. history.
• 2003 - A severe heat wave across Pakistan and India reaches its peak, as temperatures exceed 50°C (122°F) in the region.
• 2006 - Serbia declares independence from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro.

Births

• 1341 - Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, son of Edward III of England (d. 1402)
• 1493 - Justus Jonas, German Protestant reformer (d. 1555)
• 1523 - Margaret of France, Duchess of Berry (d. 1573)
• 1553 - Bernardino Baldi, Italian mathematician (d. 1617)
• 1554 - Elisabeth of Austria, queen consort of France (d. 1592)
• 1640 - Pu Songling, Chinese writer (d. 1715)
• 1660 - Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough (d. 1744)
• 1646 - Elena Cornaro Piscopia, Italian mathematician (d. 1684)
• 1718 - Thomas Chippendale, English furniture maker (d. 1779)
• 1723 - Adam Smith, Scottish economist (d. 1790)
• 1757 - Pierre Jean George Cabanis, French physiologist (d. 1808)
• 1760 - Johan Gadolin, Finnish scientist (d. 1852)
• 1771 - Ernest Augustus I of Hanover (d. 1851)
• 1781 - Christian August Lobeck, German scholar (d. 1860)
• 1819 - John Couch Adams, English mathematician and astronomer (d. 1892)
• 1850 - Pat Garrett, American Western lawman (d. 1908)
• 1862 - Allvar Gullstrand, Swedish ophthalmologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1930)
• 1868 - James Connolly, Irish socialist (d. 1916)
• 1876 - Tony Jackson, American musician (d. 1920)
• 1878 - Pancho Villa, Mexican revolutionary (d. 1923)
• 1879 - Robert Mayer, German-born philanthropist (d. 1985)
• 1879 - René Pottier, French cyclist (d. 1907)
• 1883 - John Maynard Keynes, English economist (d. 1946)
• 1884 - Ralph Benatzky, Czech composer (d. 1957)
• 1894 - Roy Thomson, Lord Thomson of Fleet, English publisher (d. 1976)
• 1895 - William Boyd (actor), American actor (d. 1972)
• 1898 - Federico García Lorca, Spanish poet, lyricist and dramatist (d. 1936)
• 1900 - Dennis Gabor, Hungarian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1979)
• 1905 - John Abbott, British actor (d. 1996)
• 1912 - Dean Amadon, American ornithologist (d. 2003)
• 1919 - Richard Scarry, American children's author (d. 1994)
• 1920 - Cornelius Ryan, Irish-American author (d. 1974)
• 1923 - Jorge Daponte, Argentine racing driver (d. 1963)
• 1923 - Daniel Pinkham, American composer, organist, and harpsichordist (d. 2006)
• 1925 - Art Donovan, American football star
• 1928 - Robert Lansing, American actor (d. 1994)
• 1928 - Tony Richardson, British film director (d. 1991)
• 1930 - Alifa Rifaat, Egyptian writer (d. 1996)
• 1931 - Jacques Demy, French film director (d. 1990)
• 1931 - Jerzy Prokopiuk, Polish philosopher, antroposopher
• 1932 - Christy Brown, Irish author (d. 1981)
• 1934 - Bill Moyers, American journalist
• 1936 - Connie Hines, American actress
• 1938 - Karin Balzer, German hurdler
• 1939 - Joe Clark, sixteenth Prime Minister of Canada
• 1939 - Margaret Drabble, English novelist
• 1941 - Martha Argerich, Argentine pianist
• 1941 - Erasmo Carlos, Brazilian singer and songwriter
• 1941 - Spalding Gray, American actor and writer (d. 2004)
• 1941 - Robert Kraft, American owner of the New England Patriots
• 1942 - Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, Equatoguinean politician
• 1943 - Matthew Lesko, American author
• 1944 - Tommie Smith, American athlete
• 1944 - Colm Wilkinson, Irish singer
• 1945 - John Carlos, American athlete
• 1945 - Patrick Head, English F1 technical director and team co-owner (WilliamsF1)
• 1946 - John Bach, Welsh actor
• 1946 - Freddie Stone, American guitarist (Sly & the Family Stone)
• 1947 - Laurie Anderson, American performance artist
• 1947 - Tom Evans, English musician (Badfinger) (d. 1983)
• 1949 - Ken Follett, Welsh author
• 1950 - J. J. Bittenbinder, American television host and author
• 1950 - Ronnie Dyson, American singer and actor (d. 1990)
• 1950 - Abraham Sarmiento, Jr., Filipino journalist & political activist (d. 1977)
• 1951 - Suze Orman, American financial advisor, writer, and television personality.
• 1952 - Carole Fredericks, American singer (d. 2001)
• 1952 - Daniel Katzen, American classical musician
• 1953 - Kathleen Kennedy, American film producer
• 1954 - Haluk Bilginer, Turkish actor
• 1954 - Nicko McBrain, English musician (Iron Maiden)
• 1955 - Edino Nazareth Filho, Brazilian football player
• 1956 - Richard Butler, English singer (Psychedelic Furs)
• 1956 - Kenny G, American saxophonist
• 1958 - Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi, President of the Comoros
• 1960 - Leslie Hendrix, American actress
• 1960 - Margo Lanagan, Australian author
• 1961 - Mary Kay Bergman, American voice actress (d. 1999)
• 1961 - Anthony Burger, American musician and singer (d. 2006)
• 1962 - Princess Astrid of Belgium
• 1962 - Jeff Garlin, American comedian
• 1963 - Joe Rudán, Hungarian heavy metal singer
• 1964 - Karl Sanders, American musician (Nile)
• 1965 - Sandrine Piau, French soprano
• 1967 - Joe DeLoach, American athlete
• 1967 - Ray Lankford, American baseball player
• 1967 - Ron Livingston, American actor
• 1969 - Brian McKnight, American musician
• 1970 - Martin Gelinas, Canadian hockey player
• 1971 - Susan Lynch, Northern Irish actress
• 1971 - Takaya Tsubobayashi, Japanese racing driver
• 1971 - Mark Wahlberg, American singer and actor
• 1972 - Mike Bucci, American professional wrestler
• 1972 - Chuck Klosterman, American journalist
• 1972 - Pavel Kotla, Polish conductor
• 1973 - Lamon Brewster, American boxer
• 1973 - Daniel Gildenlöw, Swedish musician and songwriter
• 1973 - Gella Vandecaveye, Belgian judoka
• 1974 - Chad Allen, American actor
• 1974 - Russ Ortiz, American baseball player
• 1975 - ?ydr?nas Ilgauskas, Lithuanian basketball player
• 1975 - Sandra Stals, Belgian athlete
• 1977 - Christian Martucci, American musician
• 1977 - Nourhanne, Lebanese singer
• 1977 - Navi Rawat, American actress
• 1977 - Liza Weil, American actress
• 1978 - Fernando Meira, Portuguese football player
• 1979 - David Bisbal, Spanish singer
• 1979 - Fraser Watts, Scottish cricketer
• 1979 - Pete Wentz, American musician (Fall Out Boy)
• 1979 - Jason White, American NASCAR driver
• 1980 - Yasser Latif Hamdani, Pakistani constitutional lawyer
• 1980 - Sutee Suksomkit, Thai football player
• 1981 - Jade Goody, British television personality
• 1981 - Sebastien Lefebvre, Canadian musician (Simple Plan)
• 1983 - Bill Bray, American baseball player
• 1983 - Marques Colston, American football player
• 1984 - Cécilia Cara, French singer and actress
• 1985 - Kenny De Ketele, Belgian cyclist
• 1987 - Lara Bingle, Australian model
• 1987 - Charlie Clements, English actor
• 1995 - Troye Mellet, Australian Actor And Singer
• 2005 - Irene Urdangarin, granddaughter of King Juan Carlos I of Spain

Deaths

• 535 - Epiphanius of Constantinople, patriarch of Constantinople
• 1017 - Emperor Sanj? of Japan (b. 976)
• 1118 - Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester
• 1296 - Edmund Crouchback, son of Henry III of England (b. 1245)
• 1316 - King Louis X of France (b. 1289)
• 1383 - Dmitry Konstantinovich, Russian prince (b. 1324)
• 1568 - Lamoral, Count of Egmont, Flemish general and statesman (b. 1522)
• 1625 - Orlando Gibbons, English composer (b. 1583)
• 1667 - Pietro Sforza Pallavicino, Italian cardinal and historian (b. 1607)
• 1688 - Constantine Phaulkon, Greek adventurer (b. 1667)
• 1716 - Roger Cotes, English mathematician (b. 1682)
• 1722 - Johann Kuhnau, German composer, organist, and harpsichordist (b. 1660)
• 1738 - Isaac de Beausobre, French Protestant pastor (b. 1659)
• 1791 - Frederick Haldimand, Swiss-born British colonial governor (b. 1718)
• 1816 - Giovanni Paisiello, Italian composer (b. 1741)
• 1825 - Odysseas Androutsos, hero in the Greek War of Independence
• 1826 - Carl Maria von Weber, German composer (b. 1786)
• 1866 - John McDouall Stuart, Australian explorer (b. 1815)
• 1898 - Salvatore Ferragamo, Italian Shoemaker
• 1900 - Stephen Crane, American author (b. 1871)
• 1902 - Louis J. Weichmann, chief witness in the trial of the assassins of Abraham Lincoln (b. 1842)
• 1906 - Karl Robert Eduard von Hartmann, German philosopher (b. 1842)
• 1910 - O. Henry, American author (b. 1862)
• 1913 - Chris von der Ahe, baseball pioneer (b. 1851)
• 1916 - Horatio Kitchener, Lord Kitchener, British field marshal (b. 1850)
• 1920 - Rhoda Broughton, Welsh author (b. 1840)
• 1921 - Georges Feydeau, French playwright (b. 1862)
• 1930 - Pascin, Bulgarian painter (b. 1885)
• 1975 - Paul Keres, Estonian chess player (b. 1916)
• 1976 - Violet Wilkey, American actress (b. 1903)
• 1993 - Conway Twitty, American musician (b. 1933)
• 1998 - Jeanette Nolan, American actress (b. 1911)
• 1998 - Sam Yorty, Mayor of Los Angeles (b. 1909)
• 1999 - Mel Tormé, American singer ("The Velvet Fog"), composer, and actor (b. 1925)
• 2000 - Don Liddle, baseball player (b. 1925)
• 2001 - Pedro Laín Entralgo, Spanish writer, medical and humanist
• 2002 - Gwen Plumb, Australian actress (b. 1912)
• 2002 - Dee Dee Ramone, American bassist (The Ramones) (b. 1952)
• 2003 - Jürgen Möllemann, German politician (b. 1945)
• 2003 - Manuel Rosenthal, French composer and conductor (b. 1904)
• 2004 - Ronald Reagan, American radio sports announcer, western film actor, governor of California, and 40th President of the United States (b. 1911)
• 2004 - Iona Brown, British violinist and conductor (b. 1941)
• 2005 - Adolfo Aguilar Zínser, Mexican politician (b. 1949)
• 2005 - Susi Nicoletti, German actress (b. 1918)
• 2006 - Frederick Franck, American artist and writer (b. 1909)
• 2007 - Povel Ramel, Swedish entertainer (b. 1922)

Holidays and observances

• World Environment Day, since the United Nations General Assembly resolution in 1972.
• National holiday of Denmark (Constitution Day).
• Suriname - Indian Arrival Day
• Seychelles - Liberation Day.
• Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Núr (Light) - First day of the fifth month of the Bahá'í calendar.
• Saint Boniface (d. 754)
• Saint Valeria

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

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