Events

• 1419 - First Defenestration of Prague.
• 1502 - Christopher Columbus lands at Guanaja in the Bay Islands off the coast of Honduras during his fourth voyage.
• 1608 - At Ticonderoga (now Crown Point, New York), Samuel de Champlain shoots and kills two Iroquois chiefs. This was to set the tone for French-Iroquois relations for the next one hundred years.
• 1619 - In Jamestown, Virginia, the first representative assembly in the Americas, the House of Burgesses, convenes for the first time.
• 1629 - An earthquake in Naples, Italy kills 10,000 people.
• 1729 - Baltimore, Maryland is founded.
• 1733 - The first Masonic Grand Lodge in the future United States is constituted in Massachusetts.
• 1756 - Bartolomeo Rastrelli presents the newly-built Catherine Palace to Empress Elizabeth and her courtiers.
• 1811 - Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, leader of the Mexican insurgency, is executed by the Spanish in Chihuahua, Mexico.
• 1825 - Malden Island is discovered.
• 1863 - Indian Wars: Chief Pocatello of the Shoshone tribe signs the Treaty of Box Elder, promising to stop harassing the emigrant trails in southern Idaho and northern Utah.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of the Crater - Union forces attempt to break Confederate lines at Petersburg, Virginia by exploding a large bomb under their trenches.
• 1866 - New Orleans's Democratic government orders police to raid an integrated Republican Party meeting, killing 40 people and injuring 150.
• 1871 - The Staten Island Ferry Westfield's boiler explodes, killing over 85 people.
• 1916 - Black Tom Island explosion in Jersey City, NJ.
• 1930 - In Montevideo, Uruguay wins the first Football World Cup.
• 1932 - Premiere of Walt Disney's Flowers and Trees, the first cartoon short to use Technicolor and the first Academy Award winning cartoon short
• 1945 - World War II: Japanese submarine I-58 sinks the USS Indianapolis (CA-35), killing 883 seamen.
• 1953 - Rikid?zan holds a ceremony announcing the establishment of the Japan Pro Wrestling Alliance.
• 1954 - Elvis Presley makes his debut as a public performer.
• 1956 - A joint resolution of the U.S. Congress is signed by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, authorizing "In God We Trust" as the U.S. national motto.
• 1965 - US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Social Security Act of 1965 into law, establishing Medicare and Medicaid.
• 1969 - Vietnam War: US President Richard M. Nixon makes an unscheduled visit to South Vietnam and meets with President Nguyen Van Thieu and with U.S. military commanders.
• 1971 - Apollo program: Apollo 15 Mission - David Scott and James Irwin on Apollo Lunar Module module, Falcon, land with first Lunar Rover on the moon.
• 1971 - An All Nippon Airways Boeing 727 and a Japanese Air Force F-86 collide over Morioka, Japan killing 162.
• 1974 - Watergate Scandal: US President Richard M. Nixon releases subpoenaed White House recordings after being ordered to do so by the United States Supreme Court.
• 1975 - Jimmy Hoffa disappears from the parking lot of the Machus Red Fox restaurant in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, at about 2:30 p.m. He is never seen or heard from again.
• 1980 - Vanuatu gains independence.
• 1990 - The first Saturn automobile rolls off the assembly line.
• 1997 - Eighteen lives are lost in the Thredbo Landslide in New South Wales, Australia.
• 2002 - The accounting law referred to as "The Sarbanes Oxley Act" is signed into law by President George W. Bush.
• 2003 - In Mexico, the last 'old style' Volkswagen Beetle rolls off the assembly line.
• 2006 - World's longest running music show Top of the Pops is broadcast for the last time on BBC Two. The show had aired for 42 years.

Births

• 1511 - Giorgio Vasari, Italian painter, author and architect (d. 1574)
• 1549 - Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1609)
• 1641 - Regnier de Graaf, Dutch physician and anatomist (d. 1673)
• 1751 - Maria Anna Mozart, Austrian musician (d. 1829)
• 1763 - Samuel Rogers, English author (d. 1855)
• 1809 - Charles Chiniquy, Quebec-born excommunicated Catholic priest (d. 1899)
• 1818 - Emily Brontë, English novelist (d. 1848)
• 1825 - Chaim Aronson, inventor and academic (d. 1893)
• 1855 - Georg Wilhelm von Siemens, German industrialist (d. 1919)
• 1857 - Thorstein Veblen, American economist (d. 1929)
• 1859 - Henry Simpson Lunn, English humanitarian (d. 1939)
• 1863 - Henry Ford, American industrialist (d. 1947)
• 1872 - Princess Clémentine of Belgium (d. 1955)
• 1881 - Smedley Butler, American Marine general (d. 1940)
• 1885 - John Jules Barrish, Irish writer (d. 1939)
• 1889 - Vladimir Zworykin, Russian physicist (d. 1982)
• 1890 - Casey Stengel, American baseball manager (d. 1975)
• 1893 - Fatima Jinnah, Pakistani Mother of the Nation (d. 1967)
• 1895 - Wanda Hawley, American actress (d. 1963)
• 1898 - Henry Moore, English sculptor (d. 1986)
• 1899 - Gerald Moore, English pianist (d. 1987)
• 1901 - Alfred Lépine, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 1955)
• 1904 - Salvador Novo, Mexican writer (d. 1974)
• 1909 - C. Northcote Parkinson, English historian (d. 1993)
• 1910 - Edgar de Evia, American photographer (d. 2003)
• 1914 - Lord Killanin, Irish IOC president (d. 1999)
• 1916 - Dick Wilson, American actor (d. 2007)
• 1919 - Berniece Baker Miracle, half-sister of Marilyn Monroe
• 1921 - Grant Johannesen, American pianist (d. 2005)
• 1922 - Henry W. Bloch, American co-founder of H&R Block
• 1925 - Alexander Trocchi, Scottish writer (d. 1984)
• 1925 - Jacques Sernas, French actor
• 1926 - Christine McGuire, American singer (The McGuire Sisters)
• 1927 - Victor Wong, American actor (d. 2001)
• 1928 - Eunice Muñoz, Portuguese actress
• 1928 - Joe Nuxhall, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2007)
• 1929 - Sid Krofft, Canadian children's television producer
• 1933 - Edd Byrnes, American actor
• 1934 - Bud Selig, American Commissioner of Baseball
• 1935 - Ted Rogers, English comedian and game show host (d. 2001)
• 1936 - Buddy Guy, American blues guitarist and singer
• 1936 - Infanta Pilar of Spain
• 1938 - Hervé de Charette, French politician
• 1939 - Peter Bogdanovich, American film director
• 1939 - Eleanor Smeal, American feminist
• 1940 - Pat Schroeder, American politician
• 1940 - Sir Clive Sinclair, English entrepreneur and inventor
• 1941 - Paul Anka, Canadian singer and composer
• 1943 - Henri-François Gautrin, Quebec politician
• 1945 - Patrick Modiano, French novelist
• 1945 - David Sanborn, American saxophonist
• 1946 - Neil Bonnett, American race car driver (d. 1994)
• 1947 - William Atherton, American actor
• 1947 - Jonathan Mann, AIDS activist (d. 1998)
• 1947 - Arnold Schwarzenegger, Austrian-born American actor, bodybuilder, and 38th Governor of California
• 1948 - Jean Reno, Moroccan-born French actor
• 1949 - Duck Baker, American guitarist
• 1950 - Frank Stallone, American singer and actor
• 1954 - Ken Olin, American actor
• 1956 - Delta Burke, American actress
• 1956 - Soraida Martinez, American Painter, Creator of Verdadism.
• 1956 - Réal Cloutier, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1956 - Anita Hill, American author
• 1957 - Clint Hurdle, American baseball player and manager
• 1957 - Nery Pumpido, Argentine footballer
• 1957 - Rat Scabies, English drummer (The Damned)
• 1958 - Kate Bush, English singer/songwriter
• 1958 - Neal McCoy, American singer/songwriter and humanitarian
• 1958 - Daley Thompson, English decathlete
• 1960 - Richard Linklater, American filmmaker
• 1961 - Laurence Fishburne, American actor
• 1962 - Alton Brown, American television host and chef
• 1962 - Jay Feaster, American National Hockey League executive
• 1963 - Lisa Kudrow, American actress
• 1963 - Chris Mullin, American basketball player
• 1964 - Vivica A. Fox, American actress
• 1964 - Jürgen Klinsmann, German footballer and manager
• 1964 - Alek Keshishian, Lebanese-born American film director
• 1965 - Tim Munton, Former England cricketer
• 1966 - Allan Langer, Australian Rugby League Player, (Brisbane Broncos & Warrington Wolves)
• 1968 - Terry Crews, American football player and actor
• 1968 - Robert Korzeniowski, Polish athlete
• 1968 - Sean Moore, Welsh drummer (Manic Street Preachers)
• 1969 - Simon Baker, Australian actor
• 1969 - Errol Stewart, Former South Afrivan cricketer and lawyer
• 1970 - Christopher Nolan, English film director
• 1971 - Tom Green, Canadian comedian and actor
• 1971 - Christine Taylor, American actress
• 1971 - Sagi Kalev, Bodybuilder
• 1973 - Markus Naslund, Swedish ice hockey player
• 1973 - Sonu Nigam, Indian singer/actor
• 1974 - Hilary Swank, American actress
• 1974 - Radostin Kishishev, Bulgarian footballer
• 1974 - Jason Robinson, English dual-code rugby player
• 1975 - Graham Nicholls, English artist
• 1975 - Cherie Priest, American writer
• 1977 - Jaime Pressly, American actress
• 1977 - Ian Watkins, Welsh singer (Lostprophets)
• 1978 - James Branaman, American model and reality show contestant
• 1979 - Carlos Arroyo, Puerto Rican basketball player
• 1979 - Graeme McDowell, Northern Irish golfer
• 1980 - James Anderson, English cricketer
• 1980 - Justin Rose, British golfer
• 1980 - Sara Anzanello, Italian volleyball player
• 1980 - Chuck Thomas, British TV producer / presenter
• 1981 - Nicky Hayden, American motorcycle racer
• 1981 - Juan Smith, South African rugby player
• 1982 - Yvonne Strahovski, Australian actress
• 1983 - Sean Dillon, Irish footballer
• 1984 - Gabrielle Christian, American actress
• 1984 - Kevin Pittsnogle, American basketball player
• 1985 - Daniel Fredheim Holm, Norwegian footballer
• 2002 - Prince Hridayendra of Nepal, Nepalese royal

Deaths

• 578 - Jacob Baradaeus, Bishop of Edessa
• 579 - Pope Benedict I
• 1540 - Thomas Abel, English priest (martyred)
• 1540 - Robert Barnes, English churchman (martyred) (b. 1495)
• 1550 - Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton, English politician (b. 1505)
• 1652 - Charles Amédée de Savoie, 6th Duc de Nemours, French soldier (b. 1624)
• 1680 - Thomas Butler, Earl of Ossory, Irish naval commander (b. 1634)
• 1683 - Maria Theresa of Spain, queen of Louis XIV of France (b. 1638)
• 1691 - Daniel Georg Morhof, German writer and scholar (b. 1639)
• 1718 - William Penn, English founder of the Province of Pennsylvania (b. 1644)
• 1771 - Thomas Gray, English poet and letter-writer (b. 1716)
• 1811 - Miguel Hidalgo, Mexican patriot and Independence leader (b. 1753)
• 1875 - George Pickett, American Confederate general (b. 1825)
• 1889 - Charlie Absolom, Former England cricketer (b. 1846)
• 1898 - Otto von Bismarck, 1st Chancellor of the German Empire (b. 1815)
• 1900 - Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (b. 1844)
• 1912 - Emperor Meiji, Japanese emperor (b. 1852)
• 1918 - Joyce Kilmer, American poet (b. 1886)
• 1930 - Joan Gamper, Swiss-Catalan businessman and founder of FC Barcelona (b. 1877)
• 1947 - Joseph Cook, 6th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1860)
• 1965 - Jun'ichir? Tanizaki, Japanese author (b. 1886)
• 1970 - George Szell, Hungarian conductor (b. 1897)
• 1971 - Kenneth Slessor, Australian poet (b. 1901)
• 1982 - Roberta Pedon, American glamour model (b. 1954)
• 1983 - Howard Dietz, American lyricist (b. 1896)
• 1983 - Lynn Fontanne, English actress (b. 1887)
• 1985 - Julia Hall Bowman Robinson, American mathematician (b. 1919)
• 1989 - Lane Frost, American bull rider (b. 1963)
• 1992 - Joe Shuster, Canadian comic book artist (b. 1914)
• 1992 - Brenda Marshall, American actress (b. 1915)
• 1996 - Claudette Colbert, American actress (b. 1903)
• 1997 - B?o ??i, Emperor of Vietnam (b. 1913)
• 1998 - Buffalo Bob Smith, American television host (Howdy Doody) (b. 1917)
• 2003 - Sam Phillips, American record producer (b. 1923)
• 2004 - Andre Noble, Canadian actor (b. 1979)
• 2005 - Ray Cunningham, American baseball player (b. 1905)
• 2005 - John Garang, Vice President of Sudan (b. 1945)
• 2005 - Anthony Walker, English hate crime murder victim (b. 1987)
• 2006 - Anthony Galla-Rini, American accordionist (b. 1904)
• 2006 - Al Balding, Canadian golfer (b. 1924)
• 2006 - Murray Bookchin, American libertarian socialist (b. 1921)
• 2007 - Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian film director (b. 1912)
• 2007 - Teoctist, Ex-Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church (b. 1915)
• 2007 - Ingmar Bergman, Swedish stage and film director (b. 1918)
• 2007 - Bill Walsh, American football coach (b. 1931)
• 2008 - Anne Armstrong U.S. ambassador to Britain (b. 1927)

Holidays and observances

• Vanuatu - Independence Day (formerly Anglo-French condominium of the New Hebrides).

Roman Catholicism

• Saints Abdon and Sennen [common]
• Saint Peter Chrysologus, bishop, Doctor of the Church (died 450)
• Saint Ursus, bishop of Auxerre, confessor [Auxerre]

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

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