July 10
Events
48 BC - Battle of Dyrrhachium , Julius Caesar barely avoids a catastrophic defeat to Pompey in Macedonia .
988 - The city of Dublin is founded on the banks of the river Liffey .
1212 - The most severe of several early fires of London burns most of the city to the ground.
1460 - Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick defeats the king's Lancastrian forces and takes King Henry VI prisoner in the Battle of Northampton .
1553 - Lady Jane Grey takes the throne of England .
1584 - William I of Orange is assassinated in his home in Delft , Holland by Balthasar Gérard .
1645 - English Civil War : The Battle of Langport takes place.
1778 - American Revolution : Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain .
1789 - Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Mackenzie River delta.
1796 - Carl Friedrich Gauss discovers that every positive integer is representable as a sum of at most three triangular numbers .
1800 - The British Indian Government establishes the Fort William College to promote Urdu , Hindi and other vernaculars of sub continent.
1806 - The Vellore Mutiny is the first instance of a mutiny by Indian sepoys against the British East India Company .
1821 - The United States takes possession of its newly bought territory of Florida from Spain .
1832 - U.S.President Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would re-charter the Second Bank of the United States .
1850 - Millard Fillmore is inaugurated as the 13th President of the United States upon the death of President Zachary Taylor , 16 months into his term.
1877 - The then-villa of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico , formally receives its city charter from the Royal Crown of Spain.
1890 - Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U.S. state .
1913 - Death Valley , California hits 134 °F (~56.7 °C), which is the highest temperature recorded in the United States.
1925 - Meher Baba begins his silence of 44 years. His followers still observe Silence Day on this date in commemoration.
1925 - Scopes Trial : In Dayton, Tennessee , the so-called "Monkey Trial" begins with John T. Scopes , a young high school science teacher, is accused of teaching evolution in violation of the Butler Act .
1938 - Howard Hughes sets a new record by completing a 91 hour airplane flight around the world.
1940 - World War II : Vichy France government is established.
1940 - World War II: Battle of Britain - The German Luftwaffe begin to hit British convoys in the English Channel thus starting the battle (this start date is contested, though).
1941 - Jedwabne Pogrom is a massacre of Jewish people living in and near the village of Jedwabne in Poland .
1942 - The diplomatic relations between the Netherlands and the Soviet Union are established.
1943 - World War II: The launching of Operation Husky begins the Italian Campaign .
1947 - Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah is recommended as the first Governor General of Pakistan by then Prime Minister of the United Kingdom , Clement Attlee .
1951 - Korean War : At Kaesong , armistice negotiations begin.
1958 - Highest tsunami wave ever recorded at Lituya Bay , Alaska , at 524m high.
1962 - Telstar , the world's first communications satellite , is launched into orbit.
1967 - Uruguay becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty .
1968 - Maurice Couve de Murville becomes Prime Minister of France .
1973 - The Bahamas gain full independence within the Commonwealth of Nations .
1973 - National Assembly of Pakistan passes a resolution on Bangladesh recognition.
1976 - The Seveso disaster occurs in Italy .
1976 - One American and three British mercenaries are executed in Angola following the Luanda Trial .
1978 - World News Tonight premieres on ABC .
1978 - President Moktar Ould Daddah of Mauritania is ousted in a bloodless coup d'état .
1980 - Alexandra Palace is burned down for a second time.
1985 - Greenpeace vessel Rainbow Warrior is bombed and sunk in Auckland, New Zealand Harbor by French DGSE agents.
1991 - Boris Yeltsin begins his 5-year term as the first elected President of Russia .
1991 - The South African cricket team is readmitted into the International Cricket Council (ICC) following the end of Apartheid .
1992 - In Miami, Florida , former Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega is sentenced to 40 years in prison for drug and racketeering violations.
1997 - London , scientists report their DNA analysis findings from a Neandertal skeleton which support the out of Africa theory of human evolution placing an "African Eve " at 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.
1997 - Partido Popular (Spain ) member Miguel Ángel Blanco is kidnapped in the Basque city of Ermua by ETA members, sparking widespread protests.
1998 - Roman Catholic sex abuse cases : The Diocese of Dallas agrees to pay $23.4 million to nine former altar boys who claimed they were sexually abused by former priest Rudolph Kos .
2000 - A leaking southern Nigerian petroleum pipeline explodes, killing about 250 villagers scavenging gasoline .
2000 - EADS , the world's second-largest aerospace group is formed by the merger of Aérospatiale-Matra , DASA , and CASA .
2002 - At a Sotheby's auction, Peter Paul Rubens ' painting The Massacre of the Innocents is sold for £49.5million (US$76.2 million) to Kenneth, Lord Thomson .
2003 - A Neoplan bus, owned by Kowloon Motor Bus , collides with a truck, falls off a bridge on Tuen Mun Road , Hong Kong , and plunges into the underlying valley , killing 21 people. This is the deadliest traffic accident to date in Hong Kong.
2005 - Hurricane Dennis slams into the Florida Panhandle , causing billions of dollars in damage.
2006 - Pakistan International Flight PK-688 crashes in Multan , Pakistan , shortly after takeoff, killing all 45 people on board.
2008 - Former Macedonian Interior Minister Ljube Bo?koski is acquitted of all charges by a UN Tribunal accusing him of war crimes.
Births
1419 - Emperor Go-Hanazono of Japan (d. 1471 )
1452 - King James III of Scotland (d. 1488 )
1509 - John Calvin , French religious reformer (d. 1564 )
1517 - Odet de Coligny , French cardinal and Protestant (d. 1571 )
1592 - Pierre d'Hozier , French historian (d. 1660 )
1614 - Arthur Annesley, 1st Earl of Anglesey , English royalist statesman (d. 1686 )
1625 - Jean Herauld Gourville , French adventurer (d. 1703 )
1638 - David Teniers III , Flemish painter (d. 1685 )
1666 - John Ernest Grabe , German-born Anglican theologian (d. 1711 )
1682 - Bartholomaeus Ziegenbalg , German Lutheran missionary to India (d. 1719 )
1682 - Roger Cotes , English mathematician (d. 1716 )
1711 - Princess Amelia Sophia of Great Britain (d. 1783 )
1723 - William Blackstone , English jurist (d. 1780 )
1736 - Maria, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh (d. 1807 )
1792 - George Mifflin Dallas , U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania and the 11th Vice President of the United States (d. 1864 )
1804 - Emma Smith Inaugural President of the Women's Relief Society of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1879 )
1809 - Friedrich August von Quenstedt , German geologist (d. 1889 )
1830 - Camille Pissarro , French painter (d. 1903 )
1832 - Alvan Graham Clark , American telescope maker and astronomer (d. 1897 )
1835 - Henryk Wieniawski , Polish composer (d. 1880 )
1839 - Adolphus Busch , German-born brewer (d. 1913 )
1856 - Nikola Tesla , Serb-American inventor (d. 1943 )
1867 - Prince Maximilian of Baden , Chancellor of Germany (d. 1929 )
1871 - Marcel Proust , French writer (d. 1922 )
1874 - Sergey Konenkov , Russian sculptor (d. 1971 )
1875 - Mary McLeod Bethune , American educator (d. 1955 )
1883 - Johannes Blaskowitz , German general (d. 1948 )
1888 - Giorgio de Chirico , Italian painter (d. 1978 )
1895 - Carl Orff , German composer (d. 1982 )
1896 - Thérèse Casgrain , French Canadian politician and senator (d. 1981 )
1897 - Karl Plagge , German officer (d. 1957 )
1897 - Jack "Legs" Diamond" , American bootlegger (d. 1931 )
1899 - John Gilbert , American actor (d. 1936 )
1899 - Heiri Suter , Swiss cyclist (d. 1978 )
1900 - Sampson Sievers , Russian Orthodox Christian monk, priest and wonder-worker (d. 1979 )
1900 - Mitchell Parish , American lyricist (d. 1993 )
1902 - Kurt Alder , German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1958 )
1903 - John Wyndham , British author (d. 1969 )
1903 - Werner Best , German jurist and nazi leader (d. 1989 )
1905 - Thomas Gomez , American actor (d. 1971 )
1905 - Wolfram Sievers , Nazi physician (d. 1948 )
1913 - Salvador Espriu , Spanish poet (d. 1985 )
1914 - Joe Shuster , Canadian-born cartoonist (d. 1992 )
1917 - Don Herbert , American television host (d. 2007 )
1917 - Hugh Alexander , American baseball player (d. 2000 )
1920 - David Brinkley , American television reporter (d. 2003 )
1920 - Owen Chamberlain , American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2006 )
1921 - Harvey Ball , American inventor (d. 2001 )
1921 - Jake LaMotta , American boxer
1921 - Eunice Kennedy Shriver , American activist
1923 - Earl Hamner Jr. , American author and television producer
1923 - Jean Kerr , American author (d. 2003 )
1923 - G. A. Kulkarni , Indian (Marathi ) writer (d. 1987 )
1923 - John Bradley , United States Navy corpsman, one of six who raised flag on top of Mt. Suribachi (see Iwo Jima) (d. 1994 )
1924 - Bobo Brazil , American professional wrestler (d. 1998 )
1924 - Johnny Bach , American basketball coach
1926 - Fred Gwynne , American actor (d. 1993 )
1927 - Grigory Barenblatt , Russian mathematician
1927 - Suzanne Cloutier , Canadian film actor (d. 2003 )
1928 - Moshe Greenberg , American-Israeli Bible scholar
1928 - Alejandro de Tomaso , Argentine-Italian racing driver and car manufacturer (d. 2003 )
1928 - Bernard Buffet , French painter (d. 1999 )
1929 - Winnie Ewing , Scottish politician
1931 - Nick Adams , American actor (d. 1968 )
1931 - Alice Munro , Canadian writer
1932 - Carlo Mario Abate , Italian racing driver
1934 - Jerry Nelson , American puppeteer
1935 - Tura Satana , American actress
1938 - Paul Andreu , French architect
1938 - Lee Morgan , American hard-bop trumpeter
1939 - Ahmet Taner K??lal? , Turkish politician, journalist, and educator (d. 1999 )
1940 - Meghnad Desai, Baron Desai , British economist
1940 - Helen Donath , American soprano
1940 - Tom Farmer , Scottish entrepreneur
1941 - David G. Hartwell , American editor and anthologist
1941 - Ian Whitcomb , English songwriter, entertainer and producer
1942 - Ronnie James Dio , American musician
1942 - Pyotr Klimuk , Soviet cosmonaut
1943 - Arthur Ashe , American tennis player (d. 1993 )
1945 - John Motson , British sports (football) commentator
1945 - Jean-Marie Poiré , French film director
1945 - Virginia Wade , British tennis player
1945 - Ron Glass , American actor
1945 - Peter Michalica , Slovak violinist
1946 - Sue Lyon , American actress
1947 - Arlo Guthrie , American musician
1949 - Sunil Gavaskar , Indian cricketer
1949 - Greg Kihn U.S. pop musician & radio personality.
1949 - John Whitehead , American singer and record producer
1950 - Prokopis Pavlopoulos , Greek politician
1951 - Phyllis Smith , American actress
1951 - Cheryl Wheeler , American singer and songwriter
1952 - Ludmilla Tourischeva , Russian gymnast
1952 - Kim Mitchell , Canadian guitarist/singer
1952 - Peter van Heemst , Dutch politician
1953 - Zoogz Rift , singer/songwriter and wrestling booker
1953 - Rik Emmett , Canadian musician (Triumph )
1954 - Neil Tennant , British musician (Pet Shop Boys )
1954 - Andre Dawson , American baseball player
1956 - Tom McClintock , American politician
1957 - Cindy Sheehan , American anti-war/political activist
1958 - Béla Fleck , American musician
1958 - Fiona Shaw , Irish actress
1959 - Ellen Kuras , American cinematographer
1961 - Jacky Cheung , Hong Kong singer and actor
1964 - Urban Meyer , American football coach
1964 - Wilfried Peeters , Belgian cyclist
1965 - Alec Mapa , Filipino-American actor and comedian
1965 - Ken Mellons , American singer
1965 - Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark
1966 - Johnny Grunge , wrestler (d. 2006 )
1967 - Tom Meents , American monster truck driver
1968 - Hassiba Boulmerka , Algerian athlete
1968 - Jonathan Gilbert , American actor
1969 - Gale Harold , American actor
1969 - Alexandra Hedison , American actress
1970 - Helen Sjöholm , Swedish singer and actress
1970 - Adam Hills , Australian comedian
1970 - Gary LeVox , American singer (Rascal Flatts )
1970 - Jason Orange , UK pop singer and dancer (Take That )
1970 - John Simm , British actor
1971 - Adam Foote , Canadian ice hockey player
1971 - Gregory Goodridge , Barbadian footballer
1972 - Peter Serafinowicz , British comedian and actor
1972 - Sofia Vergara , Colombian actress
1972 - Tilo Wolff , German musician (Lacrimosa )
1974 - Chiwetel Ejiofor , English actor
1975 - Alain Nasreddine , Canadian ice hockey player
1975 - Stefán Karl Stefánsson , Icelandic actor
1976 - Elijah Blue Allman , American musician (Deadsy )
1976 - Adrian Grenier , American actor
1976 - Ludovic Giuly , French footballer
1976 - Brendon Lade , Australian rules footballer
1976 - Edmílson Gomes , Brazilian footballer
1977 - Schapelle Corby , Australian convicted drug smuggler
1977 - Gwendoline Yeo , American actress
1978 - Jesse Lacey , American musician (Brand New )
1979 - Mvondo Atangana , Cameroon footballer
1980 - Thomas Ian Nicholas , American actor
1980 - Alejandro Millán , Mexican singer and songwriter
1980 - Adam Petty , American race car driver (d. 2000 )
1980 - Jessica Simpson , American singer
1980 - Orlando Jordan , American wrestler
1982 - Alex Arrowsmith , American musician
1983 - Kim Heechul , Korean Singer
1982 - Sebastian Mila , Polish footballer
1984 - Maria Julia Mantilla Garcia , Miss World 2004
1985 - Mario Gómez , German footballer
Deaths
138 - Hadrian , Roman Emperor (b. 76 )
649 - Li Shimin , Emperor of China (b.599 )
1099 - El Cid , of Castile (b. 1044 )
1103 - King Eric I of Denmark
1290 - King Ladislaus IV of Hungary (b. 1262 )
1460 - Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham , English military leader (b. 1402 )
1480 - King René I of Naples (b. 1410 )
1559 - King Henry II of France (b. 1519 )
1584 - William I of Orange (b. 1533 )
1590 - Archduke Charles II of Austria (b. 1540 )
1594 - Paolo Bellasio , Italian composer (b. 1554 )
1621 - Karel Bonaventura Buquoy , French soldier (b. 1571 )
1653 - Gabriel Naudé , French librarian and scholar (b. 1600 )
1680 - Louis Moréri , French encyclopedist (b. 1643 )
1683 - François-Eudes de Mézeray , French historian (b. 1610 )
1686 - John Fell , English churchman (b. 1625 )
1776 - Richard Peters , English-born clergyman (b. 1704 )
1806 - George Stubbs , British painter (b. 1724 )
1851 - Louis-Jacques Daguerre , French inventor and photographer (b. 1787 )
1881 - Georg Hermann Nicolai , German architect (b. 1812 )
1884 - Paul Morphy , American chess player (b. 1837 )
1908 - Phoebe Knapp , American hymn writer (b. 1839 )
1920 - Jackie Fisher , British admiral (b. 1841 )
1941 - Jelly Roll Morton , American musician (b. 1890 )
1954 - Calogero Vizzini , Sicilian mafioso (b. 1877 )
1956 - Joe Giard , American baseball player (b. 1898 )
1963 - Teddy Wakelam , English sports broadcaster and rugby union player (b. 1893 )
1970 - Bjarni Benediktsson , Icelandic foreign and later prime minister (b. 1908 )
1972 - Lovie Austin , American jazz pianist (b. 1887 )
1978 - John D Rockefeller III , American businessman (b. 1906 )
1978 - Joe Davis , English snooker player (b. 1901 )
1979 - Arthur Fiedler , American conductor (b. 1894 )
1980 - Joseph Krumgold , American writer (b. 1908 )
1981 - Ken Rex McElroy , American hog rustler (b. 1936 )
1987 - John H. Hammond , American record producer (b. 1910 )
1989 - Mel Blanc , American voice actor (b. 1908 )
1993 - Sam Rolfe , American screenwriter (b. 1924 )
2000 - Vakkom Majeed , Indian Freedom fighter , Travancore-Cochin Legislative member (b. 1909 )
2000 - Justin Pierce , English-American actor and skateboarder (b. 1975 )
2002 - Jean-Pierre Côté , French Canadian politician and Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1926 )
2003 - Winston Graham , English writer (b. 1908 )
2003 - Hartley Shawcross , British prosecutor at the Nuremberg Trials (b. 1902 )
2003 - Bishnu Maden , Nepalese politician
2005 - A.J. Quinnell , English writer (b. 1940 )
2005 - Freda Wright-Sorce , American radio performer (b. 1955 )
2005 - Freddy Soto , American comedian and actor (b. 1970 )
2005 - Jimmy Franklin and Bobby Younkin, airshow performers
2006 - Shamil Basayev , Chechen rebel (b. 1965 )
2007 - Abdul Rashid Ghazi , radical Pakistani cleric (b. 1951 )
2007 - Doug Marlette , American cartoonist (b. 1949 )
2007 - Zheng Xiaoyu , director of the State Food and Drug Administration of the People's Republic of China (b. 1944 )
2008 - Hiroaki Aoki , founder of Benihana (b. 1938 )
2008 - Mike Souchak , professional golfer (b. 1927 )
Holidays and observances
Bahamas - Independence Day .
Silence Day - celebrated by followers of Meher Baba .
Mauritania - Armed Forces Day .
Ancient Latvia - Septinu Bralu Diena observed.
Saint Kanute IV , King of Denmark, martyr
Translation of Saint Maclovius , bishop of Saint-Malo , confessor
The Seven Brothers (Januarius, Felix, Philip, Silvanus, Alexander, Vitalis, and Martialis), martyrs
Saint Amalberga , virgin (d. 690 )
Saint Felicitas of Rome , martyr
Saints Rufina and Secunda , martyrs
External links
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