Events

• 98 - Trajan becomes Roman Emperor after the death of Nerva.
• 1142 - Wrongful execution of noted Song Dynasty General Yue Fei.
• 1186 - Henry VI, the son and heir of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I, weds Constance of Sicily.
• 1343 - Pope Clement VI issues the Bull Unigenitus.
• 1593 - Vatican opens 7 year trial against scholar Giordano Bruno.
• 1606 - Gunpowder Plot: The trial of Guy Fawkes and other conspirators begins, and ending in their execution on January 31.
• 1695 - Mustafa II becomes the Ottoman sultan in Istanbul on the death of Ahmed II. Mustafa rules until his death in 1703.
• 1785 - The University of Georgia is founded, the first public university in the United States.
• 1825 - U.S. Congress approves Indian Territory (in what is present-day Oklahoma), clearing the way for forced relocation of the Eastern Indians on the "Trail of Tears."
• 1870 - The first women's fraternity, Kappa Alpha Theta, is formed at DePauw University.
• 1888 - In Washington, D.C., the National Geographic Society is founded.
• 1909 - The Young Left is founded in Norway.
• 1918 - The first hostilities occurred in the Finnish Civil War.
• 1939 - First flight of the Lockheed P-38 Lightning.
• 1944 - World War II: The two-year Siege of Leningrad is lifted.
• 1945 - World War II: The Red Army arrives at the Auschwitz-Birkenau concentration camp in Poland.
• 1951 - Nuclear testing at the Nevada Test Site begins with a one-kiloton bomb dropped on the Frenchman Flats.
• 1967 - Apollo program: Apollo 1 - Astronauts Gus Grissom, Edward White and Roger Chaffee are killed in a fire during a test of the spacecraft at the Kennedy Space Center.
• 1967 - More than sixty nations sign the Outer Space Treaty banning nuclear weapons in space.
• 1973 - Paris Peace Accords officially end the Vietnam War. Colonel William Nolde falls, becoming the conflict's last recorded American combat casualty.
• 1974 - Brisbane river floods causing the largest flood to affect Brisbane City in the 20th Century
• 1983 - Pilot shaft of the Seikan Tunnel, the world's longest subaqueous tunnel (53.85 km) between the Japanese islands of Honsh? and Hokkaid? breaks through.
• 1996 - Colonel Ibrahim Baré Maďnassara deposes the first democratically elected president of Niger, Mahamane Ousmane, in a military coup.
• 1996 - Germany first observes International Holocaust Remembrance Day.

Births

• 1443 - Albert, Duke of Saxony (d. 1500)
• 1546 - Joachim Friedrich, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1608)
• 1585 - Hendrick Avercamp, Dutch painter (d. 1634)
• 1603 - Harbottle Grimston, English politician (d. 1685)
• 1621 - Thomas Willis, English physician (d. 1675)
• 1662 - Richard Bentley, English classical scholar (d. 1742)
• 1687 - Balthasar Neumann, German architect (d. 1753)
• 1701 - Johann Nikolaus von Hontheim, German historian (d. 1790)
• 1708 - Anna Petrovna of Russia (d. 1728)
• 1720 - Samuel Foote, English dramatist (d. 1777)
• 1741 - Hester Thrale, Welsh diarist (d. 1821)
• 1756 - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Austrian composer (d. 1791)
• 1805 - Samuel Palmer, English artist (d. 1881)
• 1805 - Sophie of Bavaria, archduchess of Austria (d. 1872)
• 1805 - Maria Anna of Bavaria, queen consort of Saxony (d. 1877)
• 1806 - Juan Crisóstomo Arriaga, Spanish composer (d. 1826)
• 1814 - Eugčne Viollet-le-Duc, French architect (d. 1879)
• 1821 - John Chivington, American officer, (d. 1892)
• 1823 - Edouard Lalo, French composer (d. 1892)
• 1826 - Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin, Russian writer (d. 1889)
• 1826 - Richard Taylor, American Confederate general (d. 1879)
• 1832 - Lewis Carroll, English author (d. 1898)
• 1836 - Leopold von Sacher-Masoch, Austrian writer (d. 1895)
• 1841 - Arkhip Kuindzhi, Russian painter (d. 1910)
• 1848 - Togo Heihachiro, Japanese admiral (d. 1934)
• 1850 - Samuel Gompers, American labor leader (d. 1924)
• 1850 - Edward J. Smith, English captain of the Titanic (d. 1912)
• 1859 - Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany (d. 1941)
• 1885 - Jerome Kern, American composer (d. 1945)
• 1885 - Eduard Künneke, German composer (d. 1953)
• 1885 - Maeda Seison, Japanese painter (d. 1977)
• 1891 - Ilya Ehrenburg, Russian writer (d. 1967)
• 1893 - Soong Ching-ling, Chinese wife of Sun Yat-sen (d. 1981)
• 1895 - Harry Ruby, American composer (d. 1974)
• 1900 - Hyman Rickover, American admiral (d. 1986)
• 1901 - Art Rooney, American football team owner (d. 1988)
• 1901 - Willy Fritsch, German actor (d. 1973)
• 1903 - John Carew Eccles, Australian neuropsychologist, Nobel Laureate (d. 1997)
• 1903 - Otto P. Weyland, American military figure (d. 1979)
• 1905 - Howard McNear, American actor (d. 1969)
• 1908 - Oran Page, American musician (d. 1954)
• 1908 - William Randolph Hearst, Jr., American newspaper magnate (d. 1993)
• 1912 - Arne Nćss, Norwegian philosopher
• 1918 - Skitch Henderson, English bandleader (d. 2005)
• 1918 - Elmore James, American blues musician (d. 1963)
• 1918 - William Seawell, United States Army Brigadier General (d. 2005)
• 1919 - Ross Bagdasarian, American musician (d. 1972)
• 1920 - Helmut Zacharias, German violinist (d. 2002)
• 1920 - John Box, British film production designer and art director (d. 2005)
• 1921 - Donna Reed, American actress (d. 1986)
• 1924 - Sabu Dastagir, Indian actor (d. 1963)
• 1924 - Rauf Denkta?, Turkish political figure
• 1926 - Fritz Spiegl, Austrian journalist (d. 2003)
• 1926 - Ingrid Thulin, Swedish actress (d. 2004)
• 1928 - Michael Craig, British actor
• 1928 - Hans Modrow, a German politician, premier of East Germany
• 1929 - Gastón Suárez, Bolivian novelist (d. 1984)
• 1930 - Bobby Blue Bland, American singer
• 1931 - Mordecai Richler, Canadian author (d. 2001)
• 1932 - Boris Shakhlin, Soviet gymnast
• 1933 - Mohamed Al-Fayed, Egyptian billionaire businessman
• 1934 - George Follmer, American race car driver
• 1936 - Troy Donahue, American actor (d. 2001)
• 1936 - Samuel C. C. Ting, American physicist, Nobel Laureate
• 1937 - John Ogdon, English pianist (d. 1989)
• 1940 - James Cromwell, American actor
• 1940 - Terry Harper, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1942 - John Witherspoon, American actor
• 1942 - Kate Wolf, American folk singer and songwriter (d. 1986)
• 1944 - Peter Akinola, Nigerian religious leader
• 1944 - Mairéad Corrigan, Irish activist, Nobel Prize Laureate
• 1944 - Nick Mason, English drummer (Pink Floyd)
• 1945 - Harold Cardinal, Cree political leader (d. 2005)
• 1946 - Nedra Talley, American singer (Ronettes)
• 1947 - Björn Afzelius, Swedish singer (d. 1999)
• 1947 - Vyron Polydoras, Greek politician
• 1948 - Jean-Philippe Collard, French pianist
• 1948 - Mikhail Baryshnikov, Russian-American dancer
• 1949 - Ethan Mordden, American author
• 1950 - Amos Grunebaum, Israeli-born physician
• 1950 - Derek Acorah, English spirit medium
• 1951 - Brian Downey, Irish musician (Thin Lizzy)
• 1952 - "White Shoes" Johnson, American football player
• 1954 - Ed Schultz, Radio talk show host
• 1954 - Peter Laird, American comic-book artist
• 1954 - Joko Ninomiya, Japanese martial artist
• 1955 - Brian Engblom, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1955 - John G. Roberts, 17th Chief Justice of the United States
• 1955 - Alexander Stuart, British author
• 1955 - Koji Ushikubo, Japanese racing driver
• 1956 - Mimi Rogers, American actress
• 1957 - Janick Gers, British guitarist (Iron Maiden)
• 1957 - Frank Miller, American comic book author and film director
• 1958 - James Grippando, American novelist
• 1958 - Kadri Mälk, Estonian artist and jewelry designer
• 1958 - Susanna Thompson, American actress
• 1959 - Keith Olbermann, American news presenter
• 1959 - Göran Hägglund, Swedish politician
• 1959 - Cris Collinsworth, American football player
• 1961 - Margo Timmins, Canadian singer (Cowboy Junkies)
• 1961 - Dina Bonnevie, Filipino actress
• 1961 - Gillian Gilbert, British musician (New Order)
• 1961 - Narciso Rodriguez, American fashion designer
• 1962 - Roberto Paci Dalň, Italian director and composer
• 1964 - Bridget Fonda, American actress
• 1965 - Alan Cumming, Scottish actor
• 1965 - Mike Newell, English football manager
• 1967 - Bobby Deol, Indian actor
• 1967 - Byron Mann, Hong Kong actor
• 1967 - Dave Manson, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1968 - Patrick Blondeau, French footballer
• 1968 - Mike Patton, American singer (Faith No More)
• 1968 - Tricky, English rapper
• 1969 - Cornelius, Japanese musician and producer (Flipper's Guitar)
• 1969 - Michael Kulas, Canadian singer (James)
• 1969 - Patton Oswalt, American actor and writer
• 1970 - Jon Douglas Rainey, American TV personality
• 1970 - Emmanuel Pahud, French-Swiss flautist
• 1971 - Fann Wong, Singapore entertainer (Shanghai Knights)
• 1971 - Lil Jon, American rapper and producer
• 1971 - Patrice Brisebois, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1972 - Guillermo, Mexican-born American TV personality
• 1972 - Keith Wood, Irish rugby player
• 1972 - Mark Owen, English pop singer
• 1972 - Janine Ilitch, Australian netballer
• 1974 - Chaminda Vaas, Sri Lankan cricketer
• 1974 - Andrei Pavel, Romanian tennis player
• 1974 - ZP Theart, South African-born English singer (Dragonforce)
• 1976 - Clint Ford, American voice actor
• 1976 - Ahn Jung-Hwan, Korean football player
• 1976 - Ruby Lin, Taiwanese actress and singer
• 1976 - Todd MacCulloch, American Basketball Player
• 1978 - Pete Laforest, Canadian baseball player
• 1979 - Mario Fatafehi, American-born Canadian Football League player
• 1979 - Rosamund Pike, British actress
• 1979 - Liesbet Van Breedam, Belgian beach volleyball player
• 1979 - Daniel Vettori, New Zealand cricketer
• 1980 - Marat Safin, Russian tennis player
• 1980 - Chanda Gunn, ice hockey player
• 1981 - Alicia Molik, Australian tennis player
• 1983 - Carlo Colaiacovo, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1983 - Gavin Floyd, American baseball player
• 1983 - Mike Zagurski, American baseball player
• 1984 - Davetta Sherwood, American actress
• 1987 - Lily Donaldson, British model
• 1987 - Katy Rose, American pop singer
• 1987 - Zuleidy Spanish porn star
• 1988 - Kerlon Moura Souza, Brazilian footballer

Deaths

• 98 - Nerva, Roman Emperor (b. 35)
• 1490 - Ashikaga Yoshimasa, Japanese shogun (b. 1435)
• 1595 - Sir Francis Drake, European explorer (b. c.1540)
• 1629 - Hieronymus Praetorius, German composer (b. 1560)
• 1638 - Gonzalo de Céspedes y Meneses, Spanish novelist
• 1731 - Bartolomeo Cristofori, Italian musical instrument maker (b. 1655)
• 1740 - Louis Henri, Duc de Bourbon, Prime Minister of France (b. 1692)
• 1814 - Johann Gottlieb Fichte, German philosopher (b. 1762)
• 1816 - Samuel Hood, 1st Viscount Hood, British admiral (b. 1724)
• 1851 - John James Audubon, French-born naturalist and ornithologist (b. 1789)
• 1857 - Dorothea Lieven, Russian noblewoman (b. 1785)
• 1860 - János Bolyai, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1802)
• 1880 - Edward Middleton Barry, English architect (b. 1830)
• 1901 - Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (b. 1813)
• 1910 - Thomas Crapper, English inventor (b. 1836)
• 1919 - Endre Ady, Hungarian poet (b. 1877)
• 1921 - Maurice Vincent Buckley, Australian soldier (b. 1891)
• 1927 - Georgios Grivas, Cyprus-born general in the Greek Army
• 1927 - Blessed Jurgis Matulaitis-Matulevi?ius (Matulewicz), Lithuanian bishop
• 1940 - Isaac Babel, Ukrainian writer (b. 1894)
• 1942 - Kaarel Eenpalu, Estonian Prime Minister (b. 1888)
• 1956 - Erich Kleiber, Argentine conductor (b. 1890)
• 1967 - Roger Chaffee - Crew of Apollo 1 (b. 1935)
• 1967 - Virgil "Gus" Grissom - Crew of Apollo 1 (b. 1926)
• 1967 - Edward White - Crew of Apollo 1 (b. 1930)
• 1967 - Alphonse Juin, Marshal of France (b. 1888)
• 1970 - Rita Angus, New Zealand painter (b. 1908)
• 1971 - Jacobo Arbenz, President of Guatemala (b. 1913)
• 1972 - Mahalia Jackson, American singer (b. 1911)
• 1972 - Richard Courant, German-American mathematician (b. 1888)
• 1973 - William Nolde, last American combat casualty of Vietnam War (b. 1929)
• 1975 - Bill Walsh, American producer and writer (b. 1913)
• 1979 - Qalander Ba Ba Auliya, Sufi master (b. 1898)
• 1983 - Louis de Funčs, French actor (b. 1914)
• 1986 - Lilli Palmer, German-born actress (b. 1914)
• 1988 - Massa Makan Diabaté, Malian author (b. 1938)
• 1989 - Thomas Sopwith, British aviation pioneer (b. 1888)
• 1989 - Bayani Casimiro, Filipino dancer and actor (b. 1918)
• 1993 - André the Giant, French professional wrestler and actor (b. 1946)
• 1994 - Claude Akins, American actor (b. 1918)
• 1996 - Ralph Yarborough, American politician (b. 1903)
• 1997 - Gerald Marks, American songwriter (All of Me) (b. 1900)
• 2000 - Friedrich Gulda, Austrian pianist (b. 1930)
• 2001 - Stavros Damianides, Greek musician (b. 1941)
• 2003 - Henryk Jab?o?ski, President of Poland (b. 1909)
• 2003 - Louis Archambault, Quebec sculptor (b. 1915)
• 2004 - Jack Paar, American television show host (b. 1918)
• 2004 - Salvador Laurel, Vice President of the Philippines (b. 1928)
• 2006 - Johannes Rau, 8th President of Germany (b. 1931)
• 2006 - Gene McFadden, American singer and songwriter (b. 1948)
• 2006 - Jean-Christophe Lafaille, French mountaineer (disappeared) (b. 1965)
• 2007 - Tige Andrews, American actor (b. 1920)
• 2007 - Yang Chuan-kwang, Taiwanese athlete (b. 1933)
• 2008 - Gordon B. Hinckley, president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1910)
• 2008 - Suharto, President of Indonesia (b. 1921)
• 2008 - Louie Welch, mayor of Houston (b. 1918)
• 2008 - Gordon B. Hinckley, President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints

Holidays and observances

• UN — International Holocaust Remembrance Day
• United Kingdom — Holocaust Memorial Day.
• Germany — Gedenktag für die Opfer des Nationalsozialismus (Commemoration Day for the Victims of National Socialism).
• Poland — Dzie? Pami?ci Ofiar Nazizmu (Memorial Day for the Victims of Nazism).
• Italy — Giorno della Memoria (Memorial Day).
• Catholicism — Catholic Schools Week.
• Serbia — St. Sava Day.
• Denmark — Auschwitzdag (Auschwitz Day; commemoration day for the victims of the Holocaust and other genocide).
• Monaco, day of Saint Devota, patron saint
• January 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

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