In human genetics, Haplogroup M (P256) is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup.

This haplogroup is found at various frequencies among populations of eastern Indonesia, Melanesia (including Papua New Guinea), Micronesia, and Polynesia. The majority of males from Papua New Guinea and Melanesia carry haplogroup M chromosomes.^[1]

It is a descendant haplogroup of haplogroup K, and is believed to have first appeared approximately 10,000 years ago.

Subclades

The subclades of Haplogroup M with their defining mutation, according to Karafet et al (2008) http://www.genome.org/cgi/content/abstract/gr.7172008v1.

Note The 2008 paper introduced a number of changes, compared to the previous 2006 ISOGG tree. Before the discovery of the P256 marker, the current subgroup M1 (defined by the M4 marker) previously represented the whole of Haplogroup M; and subgroups M2 and M3 were formerly classed as subgroups K1 and K7 of the parent Haplogroup K.

• • M (P256)
    • M1 (M4, M5, M106, M186, M189, P35) Typical of Papuan peoples
      • M1*
      • M1a (P34) Found in Papua New Guinea and Indonesia^[2]
        • M1a*
        • M1a1 (P51)
      • M1b (P87)
        • M1b*
        • M1b1 (M104 (P22)) Typical of populations of the Bismarck Archipelago and Bougainville Island^[3]
          • M1b1*
          • M1b1a (M16)
          • M1b1b (M83)
    • M2 (M353, M387) Found at a low frequency in the Solomon Islands and Fiji
      • M2*
      • M2a (SRY9138 (M177))
    • M3 (P117) Found in Melanesia

References

External links

• Spread of Haplogroup M, from National Geographic

ca:Haplogrup M del cromosoma Y humà de:Haplogruppe M (Y-DNA) fr:Haplogroupe M (Y-ADN)