The guano-coated Gardner Pinnacles.

The Gardner Pinnacles (Hawaiian: P?h?honu) are two barren rock outcrops surrounded by a reef and located northwest of Honolulu in the Hawaiian Islands at . The total area of the two small islets—remnants of an ancient volcano—is . Its highest peak has a commanding height of 170 feet (52 m). The surrounding reef has an area in excess of .

Gardner Pinnacles was first discovered on June 2, 1820 by the American whaler Maro commanded by Captain Joseph Allen.

The Gardner Pinnacles are home to some species of fish not found anywhere else in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, and have more species of coral than two rocky neighbors to the south, Necker Island and Nihoa. Numerous insects live on the island, and a researcher claims to have found two new species of spiders here.

Since this is part of a wildlife refuge, Gardner Pinnacles is off limits to even the military, who made an unauthorized entrance once to blow off the tip of the outcrop to create an emergency helicopter landing spot. In the Hawaiian Archipelago, adjacent islands/reefs are French Frigate Shoals to the southeast, and Maro Reef to the northwest.

External links

• Gardner Pinnacles Islands of the Hawaiian Chain
• Gardner Pinnacles ~ Bishop Museum
• Quick Facts on the Gardner Pinnacles from the PBS Ocean Adventures site
• Gardner Pinnacles: Block 1012, Census Tract 114.98, Honolulu County, Hawaii United States Census Bureau

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