He began to preach to the Wampanoag Indians at the age of 21, and had the oversight of five or six Indian assemblies, which he continued for 64 years. Having thoroughly mastered the Wôpanâak language, which he had learned in infancy, he was employed by the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in New England to make a new version of the Psalms and of the Gospel of John, which he did in 1709 in parallel columns of English and Indian. He published Indian Converts (1727), which covers the lives and culture of four generations of Wampanoag men, women, and children on Martha's Vineyard. Mayhew is also the author of the sermon Grace Defended.
It was said of him, "Had he been favored with the advantages of education he would have ranked among the first worthies of New England."[1]