Exocrine glands are glands that secrete their products (enzymes) into ducts (duct glands). They are the counterparts to endocrine glands, which secrete their products (hormones) directly into the bloodstream (ductless glands) or release hormones (paracrines) affect only target cell nearby the release site.

Examples

Typical exocrine glands include sweat glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, stomach, liver. (Example of an endocrine gland is the adrenal gland, which is found on top of the kidneys and secretes the hormone adrenaline).

Types

There are many ways of classifying exocrine glands:

Structure

Exocrine glands contain a glandular portion and a duct portion, the structures of which can be used to classify the gland.

• The duct portion may be branched (called compound) or unbranched (called simple).
• The glandular portion may be tubular, acinar, or may be a mix of the two (called tubuloacinar). If the glandular portion branches, then the gland is called a branched gland.

Method of secretion

Exocrine glands are named apocrine gland, holocrine gland, or merocrine gland based on how their product is secreted.

• Apocrine glands - a portion of the plasma membrane buds off the cell, containing the secretion. Apocrine gland is often used to refer to the apocrine sweat glands which use merocrine secretion.
• Holocrine glands - the entire cell disintegrates to secrete its substance.
• Merocrine glands - cells secrete their substances by exocytosis. Also called "eccrine."

Product secreted

• Serous cells secrete proteins, often enzymes. Examples include chief cells and Paneth cells
• Mucous cells secrete mucus. Examples include Brunner's glands, esophageal glands, and pyloric glands
• Mixed glands secrete both protein and mucus. Examples include the salivary glands, although parotid gland is predominantly serous, the sublingual gland is predominantly mucous and the submandibular gland is both serous and mucous.

List of exocrine glands

Glands typically may be referred to by two or more means, though some terms are rarely seen. The names of the anatomists who first described them are often employed, as:

|- 
|  apocrine sweat glands  

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| Bartholin's glands, Tiedmann's glands, vulvovaginal glands  

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| Bauhin's glands, anterior lingual glands  

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| Brunner's glands, duodenal glands 

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| bulbourethral glands, Cowper's glands, Mery's glands 

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| Ciaccio's glands, accessory lacrimal glands  

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| Cobelli's glands 

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| Duverney's gland  

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| Ebner's glands   

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| eccrine sweat glands  

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| esophageal glands  

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| exocrine pancreas  

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| Fränkel's glands  

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| gastric chief cell, Wasmann's glands 

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| glomus coccygeum, coccygeal gland, Luschka's gland or ganglion  

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| goblet cells  

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| Henle's glands  

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| Huguier's glands  

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| Krause's glands  

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| Lieberkuhn's glands   

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| Littré's glands, Morgagni's glands 

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| mammary gland  

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| Meibomian gland  

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| Moll's glands  

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| Montgomery's glands  

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| Naboth's glands  

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| olfactory glands, Bowman's glands 

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| Paneth cells  

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| parathyroid glands, Gley's glands, Sandstroem's glands  

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| parotid gland  

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| Peyer's patches (or glands) 

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| pyloric glands  

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| sebaceous gland  

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| Skene's glands, Guérin's glands 

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| sublingual gland, Rivini's gland 

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| submandibular gland  

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| sudoriparous glands, Boerhaave's glands 

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| Sigmund's glands  

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| Suzanne's gland  

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| Weber's glands  

|- 
| Glands of Zeis  

See also

• Wikipedia:MeSH A10

Prostate gland is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system. It secretes a clear and basic fluid that constitutes 1/3 of the volume of semen.

Additional images

<gallery> Image:Gray1033.png|Section of the human esophagus. Moderately magnified. Image:Gray1172.png|Dissection of a lactating breast. </gallery>

References

External links

• Diagram at mhhe.com

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