Dutch standards
Dutch Standards are environmental pollutant reference values used in environmental remediation , investigation and cleanup.[1] [2]
The reference values for soil are adjusted for the organic matter (humus ) content and soil fraction < 0.2 µm (lutum - Latin, meaning "mud" or "clay"). The values below are calculated for a 'Standard Soil' with 10% organic matter and 25% lutum.
The reference values for groundwater depend on the depth of the sample, the values below are for 'shallow' groundwater, 0 - 10 m depth.
A case of environmental contamination is defined as 'serious' if >25 m³ soil or >100 m³ groundwater is contaminated above the intervention value.
Parameter
Soil (mg /kg dry matter)
Groundwater (µg /l )
reference value
intervention value
reference value
intervention value
I metals
cadmium (Cd)
0.8
12
0.4
6
chromium (Cr)
100.0
380
1
30
copper (Cu)
36.0
190
15
75
nickel (Ni)
35.0
210
15
75
lead (Pb)
85.0
530
15
75
zinc (Zn)
140
720
65
800
mercury (Hg)
0.3
10.0
0.05
0.3
arsenic (As)
29.0
55.0
10
60
barium (Ba)
160
625
50
625
cobalt (Co)
9.0
240
20
100
molybdenum (Mo)
3.0
200
5
300
antimony (Sb)
3.0
15
0.15
20
beryllium (Be)
1.1
30
0.05
15
silver (Ag)
-
15
-
40
selenium (Se)
0.7
100
0.07
160
tellurium (Te)
-
600
-
70
thallium (Th)
1.0
15
2
7
tin (Sn)
-
900
2.2
50
vanadium (V)
42.0
250
1.2
70
II inorganic compounds
cyanides - free
1
20
5
1500
cyanides - complex (pH < 5)
5
650
10
1500
cyanides - complex (pH >= 5)
5
50
10
1500
thiocyanates
1
20
-
1500
bromide
20
-
300
-
chloride
-
-
100000
-
fluoride
500
-
500
-
III (volatile) aromatic compounds
benzene
0.01
1
0.20
30
toluene
0.01
130
7.00
1000
ethyl benzene
0.03
50
4.00
150
xylene
0.1
25
0.20
70
phenol
0.05
40
0.2
2000
cresols
0.05
5
0.2
200
catechol
0.05
20
0.2
1250
resorcinol
0.05
10
0.2
600
hydroquinone
0.05
10
0.2
800
dodecylbenzene
-
1000
-
0.02
styrene (vinylbenzene)
0.3
100
6
300
IV polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)
PAH (sum of 10)
1
40
-
-
naphthalene
-
-
0.01
70
phenanthrene
-
-
0.003
5
anthracene
-
-
0.0007
5
fluoranthene
-
-
0.003
1
benzo(a)anthracene
-
-
0.0001
0.5
chrysene
-
-
0.003
0.2
benzo(k)fluoroanthene
-
-
0.0004
0.05
benzo(a)pyrene
-
-
0.0005
0.05
benzo(ghi)perylene
-
-
0.0003
0.05
indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
-
-
0.0004
0.05
V chlorinated hydrocarbons
dichloromethane
0.4
10
0.01
1000
trichloromethane
0.02
10
6
400
carbon tetrachloride
0.4
1
0.01
10
trichloroethylene
0.1
60
24
500
tetrachloroethylene
0.002
4
0.01
40
1,1-dichloroethane
0.02
15
7
900
1,2-dichloroethane
0.02
4
7
400
1,2-dichloroethene (cis . trans ) *
0.2
1
0.01
20
1,1-dichloroethene
0.1
0.3
0.01
10
vinyl chloride
0.01
0.1
0.01
5
1,1,1-trichloroethane
0.07
15
0.01
300
1,1,2-trichloroethane
0.4
10
0.01
130
chlorobenzene (sum)
0.03
30
-
-
monochlorobenzene
-
-
7
180
dichlorobenzenes (sum)
-
-
3
50
trichlorobenzenes (sum)
-
-
0.01
10
tetrachlorobenzenes (sum)
-
-
0.01
2.5
pentachlorobenzene
-
-
0.003
1
hexachlorobenzene
-
-
0.00009
0.5
chlorophenols (sum)
0.01
10
-
-
monochlorophenols (sum)
-
-
0.3
100
dichlorophenols (sum)
-
-
0.2
30
trichlorophenols (sum)
-
-
0.03
10
tetrachlorphenols (sum)
0.01
10
pentachlorophenol
-
-
0.04
3
chloronaphthalene
-
-
-
6
polychlorobiphenyl (sum)
0.02
1
0.01
0.01
EOX
0.3
-
-
-
dioxin
-
0.001
-
0.001ng /l
monochloraniline
0.005
50
-
30
dichloroaniline
0.005
50
-
100
trichloroaniline
-
10
-
10
tetrachloroaniline
-
30
-
10
pentachloroaniline
-
10
-
1
4-chloromethylphenols
-
15
-
350
dichloropropanes
0.002
2
0.8
80
VI insecticides
DDT /DDD /DDE
0.01
4
0.004 ng /l
0.01
drins
0.005
4
-
0.1
aldrin
0.00006
-
0.009 ng/l
-
dieldrin
0.0005
-
0.1 ng/l
-
endrin
0.00004
-
0.04 ng/l
-
HCH-compounds
-
2
0.05
1
?-HCH
0.003
-
33 ng/l
-
?-HCH
0.009
-
8 ng/l
-
?-HCH
0.00005
-
9 ng/l
-
carbaryl
-
5
2 ng/l
50
carbofuran
-
2
9 ng/l
100
maneb
-
35
0.05 ng/l
0.1
atrazine
0.0002
6
29 ng/l
150
chlordane
-
4
0.02 ng/l
0.2
heptachlor
-
4
0.005 ng/l
0.3
heptachlor-epoxide
-
4
0.005 ng/l
3
endosulfan
-
4
0.2 ng/l
5
organic tin compounds (sum)
-
2.5
0.05-16 ng/l
0.7
azinphos-methyl
0.000005
2
0.1 ng/l
2
MCPA
-
-
0.02
50
VII Other contaminants
cyclohexanone
0.1
45
0.5
15000
ftalates (sum)
0.1
60
0.5
5
mineral oil
50
5000
50
600
pyridine
0.1
0.5
0.5
30
tetrahydrofuran
0.1
2
0.5
300
tetrahydrothiophene
0.1
90
0.5
5000
(mono)ethylene glycol
-
100
-
5500
diethylene glycol
-
270
-
13000
acrylonitrile
0.000007
0.1
0.08
5
formaldehyde
-
0.1
-
50
methanol
-
30
-
24000
butanol
-
30
-
5600
1,2 butylacetate
-
200
-
6300
methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE )
-
100
-
9200
methyl ethyl ketone (MEK )
-
35
-
6000
tribromomethane
-
75
-
630
ethylacetate
-
75
-
15000
isopropanol
-
220
-
31000
References
↑ http://www.vrom.nl/pagina.html?id=9737 Website Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment (VROM)↑ http://www.vrom.nl/get.asp?file=Docs/bodem/bijlagecirculairestreefwaarden_bodem.pdf - notably pages 8-13
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