Cysteine dioxygenase (CDO,CAS number: 37256-59-0)) is a mammalian non-heme iron enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-cysteine to cysteine sulfinic acid (cysteine sulfinate) by incorporation of dioxygen.

CDO reaction scheme showing cysteine sulfinic acid formation from cysteine by dioxygen incorporation

Cysteine sulfinic acid lies at a branch-point in cysteine catabolism, where it can follow two pathways resulting in the formation of taurine or sulfate. The cysteine sulfinic acid dependent pathway of taurine metabolism follows the synthesis of hypotaurine (2-aminoethane sulfinate), which is subsequently oxidized to taurine. Alternatively, cysteine sulfinate can undergo transamination to form ?-sulfinylpyruvate, decomposing to form pyruvate and sulfite.

References

1. Sakakibara S, Yamaguchi K, Hosokawa Y, Kohashi N, Ueda I. Purification and some properties of rat liver cysteine oxidase (cysteine dioxygenase).Biochim Biophys Acta. 1976 Feb 13;422(2):273-9

2. Chai SC, Jerkins AA, Banik JJ, Shalev I, Pinkham JL, Uden PC, Maroney MJ. Heterologous expression, purification, and characterization of recombinant rat cysteine dioxygenase. J Biol Chem. 2005 Mar 18;280(11):9865-9.

3. McCoy JG, Bailey LJ, Bitto E, Bingman CA, Aceti DJ, Fox BG, Phillips GN Jr. Structure and mechanism of mouse cysteine dioxygenase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Feb 28;103(9):3084-9.

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