The first comites (counts) of Toulouse were the administrators of the city and its environs under the Merovingians. No succession of such royal appointees is known, though a few names survive to the present. With the Carolingians, the appointments (of both counts and duces, dukes) become more regular and more well-known, though the office soon fell out of the orbit of the royal court and became hereditary.

The hereditary Counts of Toulouse ruled the city of Toulouse and its surrounding county from the late 9th century until 1270. The counts and other family members were also at various times counts of Quercy, Rouergue, Albi, and Nîmes, and margraves of Gothia and Provence. Also, Raymond IV founded the Crusader state of Tripoli, and his descendants were counts there.

Royal appointments

• floruit 587 Austrovald
• floruit 660 Felix
• 778–790 Chorso
• 790–806 William I
• 806–816 Beggo
  • Raymond Raphinel (811–818), his relation to the preceding and succeeding counts is unknown
• 816–835 Berengar
• 835–842 Bernard I
• 842–843 Acfred

House of Rouergue

• 844–852 Fredelon
  • 844–849 William II, successfully opposed Fredelon
• 852–863 Raymond I
• 863–865 Humfrid, deposed Raymond
  • 863–865 Sunifred, appointed to oppose Humfrid
• 865–877 Bernard II
• 877–886 Bernard III
• 886–918 Odo
• 918–924 Raymond II
• 924–950 Raymond Pons, traditionally called Raymond III

It had long been thought that he was succeeded directly by William III. However, recent research suggests adding at least one and probably three previously overlooked counts. That two were named Raymond has resulted in conflicting numbering systems, but most historians continue to use the traditional numbering for later Raymonds.

• 950–961 Raymond III (or IV)
• 961–972 Hugh
• 972–978 Raymond (IV or V)
• 978–1037 William III
• 1037–1061 Pons
• 1061–1094 William IV
• 1094–1105 Raymond IV de Saint Gilles
• 1105–1112 Bertrand
• 1119–1148 Alfonso Jordan
• 1148–1194 Raymond V
• 1194–1222 Raymond VI
• 1222–1249 Raymond VII
• 1249–1271 Joan
  • married Alfonso of Poitou

At that point Toulouse passed to the Crown of France, by the terms of the Treaty of Meaux, 1229.

House of Bourbon

In 1681, Toulouse was resurrected as a royal appanage by Louis XIV.

• 1681–1737 Louis-Alexandre

He was an illegitimate son Louis XIV and his longest serving mistress Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan.

Further reading

• Genty, Roger. Les Comtes de Toulouse: Histoire et Traditions. Editions de Poliphile, 1987.

External links

• 'Les Régnants Toulousains": list (in French)

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