Application gateways, occasionally referred to as called application proxies, are applications located between the end user and the Internet. Application gateways are used in unified communications
The end user contacts directly the application gateway.
The application gateway performs the requested function on behalf of the user.
The application gateway acts also as a firewall by intercepting any IP packets from the Internet.
The application gateway can enforce the security policy since the end user never talks directly to a system on the Internet.
Pros and Cons
Security - The application gateway runs on a secured host. Since the proxy stands between the user and the target system, they are not transparent to the users. Users will need to install custom applications to contact application gateways. No user accounts are saved on this bastion host
Simplicity - The only function of the host running the application gateway is to proxy requests from end users.
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