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Apostolic Exarchate for Ukrainians in Great Britain
The Apostolic Exarchate for Ukrainians () is an apostolic exarchate for Ukrainian Greek Catholics in Great Britain. The apostolic exarchate was erected on 10 June 1957 for the faithful of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in England and Wales and was extended to the whole of Great Britain on 12 May 1968. It is the only Eastern Rite Catholic diocese in Britain. The Ukrainian Greek Catholic Apostolic Exarch of Great Britain used to be Paul Patrick Chomnycky. However, since his appointment as Eparch of Stamford, the position of Apostolic Exarch of Great Britain has been vacant. The current apostolic administrator is Benjamin Lysykanych.[1] Unlike many other nations outside Ukraine to which the Ukrainian diaspora have emigrated, such as Canada and Australia, the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in Britain does not have eparchial status (equivalent to diocesan status in the Latin Church), but rather exarchial status. In addition, vis-a-vis other Latin Rite dioceses in Britain, due to the comparatively small number of faithful in the apostolic exarchate, there are fewer services, such as schools and care centres, that are provided.
History of the Apostolic Exarchate
A Ukrainian Greek Catholic parish church in Wolverhampton, England Since the late nineteenth century, many Ukrainian have been migrating to England, most noticeably to London and the Red Bank area of Manchester. [2] These immigrants have been known as 'old immigrants', or stari emihiranty. After the Second World War, more and more immigrants were flocking to the British Isles from Eastern Europe, amongst them included numerous Ukrainian Catholics, as most of the Ukrainian immigrants were from Western Ukraine. Initially, many of the Eastern European Catholics worshipped in industrial hostels, as these were common locations where immigrants found cheaper accommodation. Some also worshipped in local Latin Rite parish churches, but not in their Byzantine liturgy. However, eventually, Ukrainian Catholics were able to organize worship in their own Byzantine liturgy, often in the local Latin Rite parish church. In Coventry, by 1948, the Church of Christ the King in Coundon started having Ukrainian Catholic services. These were soon transferred to St Elizabeth Church in Foleshill. [3] In 1957, the Apostolic Exarchate was established for Ukrainian Catholics in England and Wales. By 1959, over 700 Ukrainian Catholics had registered themselves in Coventry. In the Midlands, there was a Ukrainian Catholic priest celebrating Ukrainian-rite services for the Ukrainian faithful in Coventry, as well as in Rugby, Gloucester, Bristol, Birmingham and Cheltenham. With the help of Cardinal John Heenan, Bishop Hornyak was able to secure a former Methodist chapel to serve as the Apostolic Exarchate's cathedral church - the Ukrainian Catholic Cathedral of the Holy Family in Exile in London. In the 1990s, after Ukraine declared its independence, a period of economic difficulties followed, and many Ukrainians emigrated to Western Europe. This caused an increase in the number of Ukrainian Catholic faithful in Great Britain. [4] Recently, the Ukrainian Catholic church in Wolverhampton was included as part of a video series by English Heritage on faith buildings in England. [5] Division over views of a Kievan PatriarchateThere has, for a long time, been different views among Ukrainian Catholics on the idea of a Kievan Patriarchate, replacing the Major Archdiocese. [6] Augustine Hornyak, the first apostolic exarch, was known to have sided with those who did not believe that it would be appropriate for the Major Archbishop of the Ukrainian Catholic Church - who was then Cardinal Josyf Slipyj - to be commemorated as Patriarch until the Pope would agree to elevate the Major Archdiocese to a Patriarchate. [7] Since most of the faithful in the Apostolic Exarchate were patriotic and nationalist veterans of the Ukrainian Army, which was created in resistance to the German occupational forces, most supported the idea of a Patriarchate. They were therefore disappointed by the Bishop Hornyak's decision. Many showed their opposition through withholding their donations to the Church. A few Ukrainian Catholic priests came from Rome and began to celebrate Divine Liturgy privately in the faithful's homes commemorating the Major Archbishop as Patriarch - an act which angered Bishop Hornyak. However, some people chose even more extreme methods of expressing their disagreement with Bishop Hornyak. For example, on 18th December, 1977, when Bishop Hornyak went to Gloucester to open the new Ukrainian Catholic church, he was met by around 500 demonstrators who ignored the police cordon line and attacked him, bruising his face and crushing his glasses. This forced him to retreat back into his car. [8] [9] Stephen Sulyk, Archbishop Metropolitan Emeritus for Ukrainian Catholics in Philadelphia, wrote in his autobiography, I Am With You Always, that Bishop Hornyak was eventually forced in to retirement due to pressure from the Patriarchal Organization - which advocated a Kievan Patriarchate - and the Major Archbishop of Lviv, Cardinal Myroslav Lubachivsky (Sulyk's predecessor) unfairly due to his backing of Vatican policies. However, many supporting the creation of a Kievan Patriarchate viewed Bishop Hornyak's retirement as a good sign. [10] List of former Apostolic Exarchs
Former apostolic exarch Paul Patrick Chomnycky celebrating Divine Liturgy at Farm Street Catholic Church, London to the regular cathedral congegration, on 26th August, 2007, after the roof of the Ukrainian Catholic Cathedral of the Holy Family in Exile collapsed. When the Apostolic Exarchate for Ukrainians in England and Wales was first established in 1957, it was administered by the then Archbishop of Westminster, Cardinal William Godfrey. Bishop Augustine Hornyak was ordained as auxiliary bishop in 1961. Upon the death of Cardinal Godfrey in 1963, Augustine Hornyak was elevated to Apostolic Exarch for Ukrainians in England and Wales. In 1968, with the enlargement of the Apostolic Exarchate to include Scotland as well, Bishop Hornyak became the first Apostolic Exarch for Ukrainians in Great Britain. He was then followed by two other bishops (see below). The Apostolic Exarchate is currently vacant, until the Holy See appoints a new apostolic exarch. As a result, the current apostolic administrator is Benjamin Lysykanych.[11]
Cathedral church
Collapsed roof of the Ukrainian Catholic Cathedral of the Holy Family in Exile, London Named for the Holy Family, the Ukrainian Catholic Cathedral of the Holy Family in Exile - seat of the Apostolic Exarch - is situated in Mayfair, London, and has a regular congregation of around 1 000 parishoners. Currently, the clergy at the cathedral consist of priests from the Order of St Basil the Great. Ukrainian Greek Catholic parish churches in Great Britain<gallery> Image:Ukrainian Catholic Church, Gloucester.jpg| Image:Oldham Ukrainian Catholic Church.jpg| Image:StAlbanSneinton1.JPG|Our Lady of Perpetual Succour and Saint Alban Ukrainian Catholic Church, Bond Street, Sneinton, Nottingham </gallery> StatisticsThe number of faithful in the Apostolic Exarchate numbers 15 000. There are 14 parishes regularly served, 12 diocesan priests, 3 religious priests, 3 male religious and 4 female religious.[12] Charitable StatusLike other Latin Rite Catholic provinces in Britain, the Apostolic Exarchate for Ukrainian Catholics in Great Britain is a registered charity with the Charity Commission in England and Wales, under charity number 240088. The Apostolic Exarchate was first registered as a charity on the 9th Jul, 1965. The stated aim of the Apostolic Exarchate is 'the advancement of religion at discretion of the bishop and his successors in title or the head of the Ukrainian Catholic Church in Great Britain'.[13] Citations
ReferencesSee also
External links
de:Apostolisches Exarchat für Großbritannien fr:Exarchat apostolique de Grande-Bretagne des Ukrainiens it:Esarcato apostolico di Gran Bretagna zh:???????????? 
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