Encyclopedia
| American Association (19th century)
Encyclopedia
|
| Tutorials | Encyclopedia | Dictionary | Directory |
|
American Association (19th century)
This article refers to the former Baseball major league that existed from 1882 to 1891. For the minor league, which existed from 1902 to 1962 and 1969 to 1997, see American Association (20th century). For the independent league, which started play in 2006, see American Association of Independent Professional Baseball. The American Association (AA) was a baseball major league from 1882 to 1891. During that time, it challenged the National League for dominance of professional baseball. Together with the National League, the American Association participated in an early version of the World Series seven times during their ten-year coexistence. The National League won most of those encounters, while some ended in ties due to disputes or other issues. The only victory for the American Association came in 1886 when the St. Louis Browns (now Cardinals) defeated the Chicago White Stockings (now Cubs). Over its lifetime, the AA was weakened by several factors. One was the tendency of some of its teams to jump to the NL. The consistently stronger NL was in better position to survive adverse conditions. The most significant blow to the AA was dealt by the Players' League, a third major league formed in 1890, which siphoned off talent and gate receipts. In a unique historical oddity, Brooklyn represented the AA in the 1889 World's Series, switched leagues in the off-season, and represented the NL in 1890. Brooklyn lost the 1889 Series, and the 1890 Series ended in a 3-3-1 draw, left unresolved due to growing animosity between the leagues. The living legacy of the old Association is the group of teams that came over to the National League to stay, the teams now known as the Pittsburgh Pirates, Cincinnati Reds, Los Angeles Dodgers and St. Louis Cardinals. Several of the AA's home field venues survived into the 1960s: The ballpark used by the 1891 Washington club, which evolved into Griffith Stadium; the home of the St. Louis Browns, Sportsman's Park; and the city block occupied by the Reds, which evolved into Crosley Field. Crosley was the last physical remnant of the AA to go, other than the clubs themselves, when it was replaced by a new stadium in mid-1970.
"Beer and Whiskey League"The American Association distinguished itself in several ways from what it considered to be the puritanical National League. The new league established teams in what the NL leaders pejoratively called "river cities", including Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Louisville and St. Louis, with the inherent implication of lower morality or social standards in those cities. Living "down" to those expectations, the AA offered cheaper ticket prices and more liberal libations to its patrons. On November 8, 1881, at the Gibson House in Cincinnati, it was decided that individual teams in the newly formed league would operate its own affairs and setting its own admission prices[1], under an agreement call the guarantee system. The NL at that time prohibited the sale of alcohol on its grounds. The AA had no such restrictions, especially as several of its teams were backed by breweries and distilleries. The AA became known as "The Beer and Whiskey League", another pejorative term applied by NL supporters, and which did not seem to bother the fans of the Association's clubs. Revival effortDuring the offseason of 1900, there was an effort to revive the American Association after three of the four AA teams that had been taken in by the National League in 1892 (Baltimore, Washington, and Louisville), as well as the NL's Cleveland club, were dropped by the National League. That effort was ended with the emergence of the American League. Pennant winners of the AA
American Association franchises
Timeline<timeline> DateFormat = yyyy ImageSize = width:800 height:auto barincrement:25 PlotArea = left:20 right:50 bottom:20 top:20 Colors = id:majorGridColor value:rgb(0.9,0.9,0.9) id:lineColor value:gray(0.6) id:nl1 value:gray(0.9) id:inactive value:gray(0.5) id:gold value:rgb(0.99,0.72,0.15) id:brown value:rgb(0.36,0.20,0.10) id:vegasgold value:rgb(0.80,0.72,0.49) id:green value:rgb(0, 0.51,0.28) id:darkgreen value:rgb(0, 0.20,0 ) id:orange value:rgb(1 ,0.39,0 ) id:red value:rgb(0.80,0.01,0.07) id:red2 value:rgb(0.90,0.01,0.07) id:darkred value:rgb(0.50,0 ,0 ) id:iceblue value:rgb(0.20,0.60,0.80) id:gray value:gray(0.3) id:gray2 value:gray(0.5) id:sand value:rgb(0.94,0.89,0.77) id:navy value:rgb(0 ,0 ,0.30) id:teal value:rgb(0 ,0.65,0.65) id:teal2 value:rgb(0 ,0.45,0.45) Period = from:1882 till:1893 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal format:yyyy ScaleMajor = start:1882 increment:2 gridcolor:majorGridColor LineData = at:1882 color:lineColor #Formation of AA at:1892 color:lineColor #NL Merger BarData = bar:BAL #Baltimore Orioles 1891 (NL) bar:CINR #Cincinnati Red Stockings 1889 (NL) bar:LOU #Louisville Elclipse/Colonels 1891 (NL) bar:PHI #Philadelphia Athletics 1891 bar:PIT #Pittsburgh Allhegenies 1886 (NL) bar:SLB #St Louis Brown Stockings 1891 (NL) bar:COL #Columbus Buckeyes 1884 bar:NYM #New York Metropolitans 1887 bar:BRK #Brooklyn Atlantics/Grays/Bridegrooms 1889 (NL) bar:IND #Indianapolis Hoosiers 1884 bar:TLB #Toledo Blue Stockings (1884) bar:WAS #Washington Statesmen (1884) bar:RCHM #Richmond Virginians (1884) bar:CLE #Cleveland Spiders (1887-1888) (NL) bar:KCC #Kansas City Cowboys (1888-1889) bar:CLB #Columbus Solons (1889-1891) bar:BKN #Brooklyn Gladiators (1890) bar:RCHT #Rochester Broncos (1890) bar:SYR #Syracuse Stars (1890) bar:TLM #Toledo Maumees (1890) bar:BOS #Boston Reds (1891) bar:PHI2 #Philadelphia Athletics 1891 bar:CINP #Cincinnati Porkers (1891) bar:MIL #Milwaukee Brewers (1891) bar:WSH #Washington Statesmen (1891) Define $Up = shift:(,1) Define $Left = anchor:from align:right shift:(-1,) Define $Right = anchor:till align:left shift:(2,) Define $Down = shift:(,-10) Define $UpLeft = anchor:from align:right shift:(-1,1) Define $UpRight = anchor:till align:left shift:(2,1) Define $DownRight = anchor:till align:left shift:(2,-10) PlotData = color:inactive textcolor:black width:20 fontsize:S mark:(line,black) anchor:middle # other options are anchor:from anchor:till align:center # other options are align:left align:right shift:(0,-5)
bar:BAL from:1882 till:1892 color:orange text:"Baltimore Orioles" bar:BAL from:1892 till:end color:nl1 text:(NL)" bar:CINR from:1882 till:1890 color:darkred text:"Cincinnati Red Stockings" bar:CINR from:1890 till:end color:nl1 text:"(NL)" bar:LOU from:1882 till:1885 color:black text:"Louisville~Elclipse" textcolor:white $Up bar:LOU from:1885 till:1892 color:gray text:"Louisville~Colonels" textcolor:white $Up bar:LOU from:1892 till:end color:nl1 text:"(NL)" bar:PHI from:1882 till:1891 color:skyblue text:"Philadelphia Athletics" bar:PIT from:1882 till:1887 color:yellow text:"Pittsburgh Allhegenies" bar:PIT from:1887 till:end color:nl1 text:"(NL)" bar:SLB from:1882 till:1892 color:brown text:"St Louis Brown Stockings" textcolor:white bar:SLB from:1892 till:end color:nl1 text:"(NL)"
bar:COL from:1883 till:1885 color:navy text:"Columbus~Buckeyes" textcolor:white $Up bar:NYM from:1883 till:1888 color:black text:"New York~Metropolitans" textcolor:white $Up
bar:BRK from:1884 till:1885 color:blue text:"Brooklyn~Atlantics" $Up bar:BRK from:1885 till:1888 color:gray text:"Brooklyn~Grays" $Up bar:BRK from:1888 till:1890 color:navy text:"Brooklyn~Bridegrooms" textcolor:white $Up bar:BRK from:1890 till:end color:nl1 text:"(NL)" bar:IND from:1884 till:1885 color:sand text:"Indianapolis~Hoosiers" $Up bar:TLB from:1884 till:1885 color:skyblue text:"Toledo Blue~Stockings" $Up bar:WAS from:1884 till:1885 color:blue text:"Washington~Statesmen (1)" textcolor:white $Up bar:RCHM from:1884 till:1885 color:gold text:"Richmond~Virginians (1)" $Up
bar:CLE from:1887 till:1889 color:black text:"Cleveland~Spiders" textcolor:white $Up bar:CLE from:1889 till:end color:nl1 text:"(NL)"
bar:KCC from:1888 till:1890 color:iceblue text:"Kansas City~Cowboys" $Up
bar:CLB from:1889 till:1892 color:red text:"Columbus~Solons" $Up
bar:BKN from:1890 till:1891 color:purple text:"Brooklyn~Gladiators" $Up bar:RCHT from:1890 till:1891 color:darkred text:"Rochester~Broncos" textcolor:white $Up bar:SYR from:1890 till:1891 color:yellow text:"Syracuse~Stars" $Up bar:TLM from:1890 till:1891 color:kelleygreen text:"Toledo~Maumees" $Up
bar:PHI2 from:1890 till:1891 color:nl1 text:"Philadelphia~Quakers (PL)" $Up bar:PHI2 from:1891 till:1892 color:skyblue text:"Philadelphia~Athletics (2)" $Up bar:BOS from:1890 till:1891 color:nl1 text:"(PL)" bar:BOS from:1891 till:1892 color:red text:"Boston~Reds" $Up bar:CINP from:1891 till:1892 color:pink text:"Cincinnati~Porkers (3)" $Up bar:MIL from:1891 till:1892 color:vegasgold text:"Milwaukee~Brewers (3)" $Up bar:WSH from:1891 till:1892 color:blue text:"Washington~Statesmen" textcolor:white $Up bar:WSH from:1892 till:end color:nl1 text:"(NL)" </timeline>
AA presidents
References
External links
fr:American Association (XIXe siècle) ja:?????????????? (19??) simple:American Association (19th century) sh:American Association (19. vijek) zh:???? (19??) Source: Wikipedia | The above article is available under the GNU FDL. | Edit this article
|
|
top
©2008-2009 TutorGig.com. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Statement
