Asus

Asus was founded in 1989 in Taipei, Taiwan by TH Tung, Ted Hsu, Wayne Hsieh, and MT Liao - all four were computer engineers from Acer. The name Asus originated from Pegasus, the winged horse of Greek mythology.^[3] The first three letters of the word were dropped to give the resulting name a high position in alphabetical listings.^[3]

In 2005, shipments from Asus, ECS, Gigabyte, and MSI totaled 104.86 million units. Asus led with 52 million units, followed by ECS with 20 million, MSI with 18 million, and Gigabyte with 16.6 million.

Relationship with Intel

In the early 1990s, Taiwan based motherboard manufacturers had not yet established their leading positions in the computer hardware business. Any new Intel processors would have been supplied to better established companies like IBM first, and the Taiwanese companies would be forced to wait for approximately six months after IBM received their engineering prototypes. ^[4]

When the Intel 486 was released as engineering samples, Asus decided to design its own 486 motherboard without having a 486 processor engineering sample on site, using only the technical details published by Intel and the experience they gained while making the 386 compatible motherboards. When Asus finalized its 486 motherboard prototype, they took it to Intel's base in Taiwan for testing. Unsurprisingly, there was not a formal greeting when they arrived. It turned out that Intel's own 486 motherboard prototype had encountered design flaws, and Intel's engineers were rectifying it. The Asus founders exercised their experience with the 486 and had a look at Intel's malfunctioning motherboard. Their solution worked, to the Intel engineers' surprise. Intel then tested the Asus prototype, which functioned perfectly. This marked the beginning of an informal relationship between the two companies – Asus now receives Intel engineering samples ahead of its competitors.^[5]

Corporate restructuring

As of 3 January 2008, Asus has been in the process of restructuring its operations. The company will be split into three distinct operational units: ASUS, Pegatron, and Unihan. The Asus brand will be used solely for first party branded computers. Pegatron will handle motherboard and component OEM manufacturing. Unihan will focus on non-PC manufacturing such as cases and molding. In the process of restructuring, the highly criticized pension plan restructuring effectively zeroed out the current pension balances. Previous employee contributions were returned.^[6]

Timeline

Manufacturing facilities

, Asus has manufacturing facilities in Taiwan (Taipei, Lujhu, Nankan, Kweishan) and in mainland China (Suzhou), Juarez, Mexico, and Czech Republic (Ostrava) with a monthly production capacity of two million motherboards and 150,000 notebook computers.^[16]

Asus original features

Asus has introduced a number of original features and tools that complemented its products, especially motherboards. The table below lists them, together with some third-party technologies, rebranded under Asus-specific names (note: the acronym AI, which prefixes many of the feature names, stands for Asus Intelligence).

Asus is known for its extensive cooling solutions on its enthusiast's motherboards and video cards. Many incorporate a large copper cooler that does not require the presence of a fan.

Name	Year of introduction	Product	Description
AI NET	2002	Motherboards	Diagnoses LAN connection problems before starting the OS
AI NOS	2005	Motherboards	Non-delay Overclocking System. A dynamic overclocking technology
AI Proactive	2004	Motherboards	a blanket term for all AI enhancements
AI Quiet/Q-Fan	2003	Motherboards	Controls fan-speed to requirement for noise management
Audio DJ	2005	Motherboards and notebooks	Allows playing Audio CDs without turning the computer on. Notebooks supporting this feature normally have play/pause, stop and other control buttons on the front, where they are accessible even when the notebook is closed.
Express Gate /Lite	2008	Motherboards	On boot-up, the user is given the option to boot a version of Linux stored on some Flash memory on the motherboard. Users can surf the internet and use Skype, IM, YouTube, webmail and internet file downloads without booting into another operating system.
Asus EZ Flash	2004	Motherboards	Allows update of the BIOS through a non-boot floppy which just contains the new BIOS image. Built-in with the BIOS firmware and can be accessed by pressing ALT+F2 during the power-on self-test
C.P.R. (CPU Parameter Recall)	2004	Motherboards	Automatically restore default CPU settings at reboot when the system fails due to overclocking.
Asus CrashFree BIOS	2004	Motherboards	If the BIOS becomes corrupted, CrashFree BIOS 2 allows the user to perform a recovery using the motherboard support CD.
Color Shine (or Colour Shine), Crystal Shine	2006	Laptop LCDs	Asus marketing names for the anti-reflective LCD technology.
GameFace Live	2004	Graphics Cards	A multi-player audio and video chat solution allowing online gamers to see and talk to each other while playing. As of 2006, it is limited to DirectX games and allows up to eight simultaneous players.
GameLiveShow	2004	Graphics Cards	Allows gamers to broadcast
WiFi-AP	2005	Motherboards	WiFi AccessPoint module bundled with some motherboards, Notably the P5E3 Deluxe/WiFi-AP@n that includes 802.11n.
Music Alarm	2007	Motherboards	BIOS feature makes the computer play music from a CD at a user-defined date.
Q-Connector	2006	Motherboards	Front-panel connectors plug into this block. The block is then plugged into the motherboard for easy removal and installation.
Stack Cool	2006	Motherboards	The back of the motherboard is designed for optimal heat dissipation of onboard components.
AI Gear	2007	Motherboards	Uses adjustable profiles to change CPU frequency and Core voltage to minimize noise and power consumption.
O.C. Profile	2006	Motherboards	Allows users to store multiple BIOS settings for distribution or sharing. Settings can be stored in CMOS or as a separate file.
GreenASUS	2006	All	Products with this badge comply with the RoHS initiative.

Controversies

Piracy Controversy

It has been discovered ASUS has been selling a number of laptops that contain (on both the physical machine and the recovery media) cracked and pirated software, together with confidential documents from Microsoft and other organizations, as well as internal documents, and sensitive personal information including CVs. An ASUS spokesperson promised an investigation at "quite a high level", but declined to comment on how the files became to be located on the machines and recovery media.^[17]The pirated software is believed to have been accidentally copied over from a flash drive during the unattended installation of Windows Vista, due to a parameter in the "unattend.xml" file on the personal flash drive used to script the installation. ^[18]^[19]