The 9th century BC started the first day of 900 BC and ended the last day of 801 BC.

Overview

The 9th century BC was a period of great changes in civilizations. In Africa, Carthage is founded by the Phoenicians. In Egypt, a severe flood covers the floor of Luxor temple, and years later, a civil war starts.

It is the beginning of the Iron Age in Central Europe, with the spread of the Proto-Celtic Hallstatt culture, and the Proto-Celtic language.

Events

King Jehu of the Kingdom of Israel bows before Shalmaneser III of Assyria.

• 895 BC ? Death of King Xiao of Zhou, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
• 894 BC ? King Yi of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
• 892 BC ? Megacles, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 30 years and is succeeded by his son Diognetus.
• 891 BC ? Tukulti-Ninurta II succeeds his father Adad-nirari II as king of Assyria.
• 889 BC ? Takelot I succeeds his father Osorkon I as king of Egypt.
• 884 BC ? Assurnasirpal II succeeds his father Tukulti-ninurta II as king of Assyria.
• 879 BC ? Death of King Yi of Zhou, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
• 878 BC ? King Li of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
• 874 BC ? Osorkon II succeeds Takelot I as king of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt.
• 874 BC ? Ahab becomes king of Israel (approximate date).
• 872 BC ? An exceptionally high flood of the Nile covers the floors of the Temple of Luxor.
• 865 BC ? Kar Kalmaneser was conquered by the Assyrian king Shalmaneser III.
• 864 BC ? Diognetus, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 28 years and is succeeded by his son Pherecles.
• 863 BC ? The city of Bath is founded. It is named after the leprosy-curing hot springs there.
• 860 BC ? The kingdom of Urartu is unified.
• 858 BC ? Aramu becomes king of Urartu.
• 858 BC ? Shalmaneser III succeeds Assurnasipal II as king of Assyria.
• 854 BC ? Battle of Karkar ? An indecisive engagement between Assyrian king Shalmaneser II and a military alliance of the king of Damascus and lesser powers including the prince of Tyre. (or 853 BC)
• 853 BC ? Battle of Karkar ? An indecisive engagement between Assyrian king Shalmaneser II and a military alliance of the king of Damascus and lesser powers including the prince of Tyre. (or 854 BC)
• 850 BC ? Takelot II succeeds Osorkon II as King of Egypt.
• 850 BC - The Middle Mumun Pottery Period begins in the Korean peninsula.
• 845 BC ? Pherecles, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 19 years and is succeeded by his son Ariphron.
• 842 BC ? Shalmaneser III devastates the territory of Damascus; Israel and the Phoenician cities send tribute.
• 841 BC ? Death of King Li of Zhou, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
• 841 BC ? Records of the Grand Historian regards this year as the first year of consecutive annual dating of Chinese history.
• 836 BC ? Shalmaneser III of Assyria leads an expedition against the Tabareni.
• 836 BC ? Civil war breaks out in Egypt.
• 827 BC ? King Xuan of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.
• 825 BC ? Takelot II, king of Egypt, dies. Crown Prince Osorkon III and Shoshenq III, sons of Takelot, battle for the throne.
• 825/824 BC ? Ariphron, King of Athens, dies after a reign of 20 years and is succeeded by his son Thespieus.
• 823 BC ? Death of Shalmaneser III, king of Assyria. He is succeeded by his son Shamshi-Adad V.
• 820 BC ? Pygmalion ascends the throne of Tyre.
• 817 BC ? Pedubastis I declares himself king of Egypt, founding the Twenty-third Dynasty.
• 814 BC ? Carthage is founded by Dido (traditional date).
• 813 BC ? Carthage is founded by Phoenicians.
• 811 BC ? Adad-nirari III succeeds his father Shamshi-Adad V as king of Assyria.
• 804 BC ? Adad-nirari III of Assyria conquers Damascus.
• 804 BC ? Death of Pedubastis I, pharaoh.
• 800s BC ? Etruscan civilization.
• Beginning of the Iron Age in Central Europe, spread of the Proto-Celtic Hallstatt culture, and the Proto-Celtic language.
• Adena culture appears in present day Northeastern United States.

Significant persons

• Shalmaneser III, king of Assyria (858?824 BC)

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

• First inscriptions in Epigraphic South Arabian found in Akkele Guzay^[1]
• 800s BC ? Olmecs builds pyramids.
• Emergence of the Brahmana period of Vedic Sanskrit, probable composition of the Shatapatha Brahmana, and the first beginning of the Upanishadic and Vedantic traditions of Hinduism.

Decades and years

References

1. ↑ Fattovich, Rodolfo, "Akkälä Guzay" in von Uhlig, Siegbert, ed. Encylopaedia Aethiopica: A-C. Weissbaden: Otto Harrassowitz KG, 2003, p.169.