Events

• 1099 - The First Crusade: The Siege of Jerusalem begins.
• 1420 - Troops of the Republic of Venice capture Udine, ending the independenceo f the Patriarchate of Aquileia.
• 1494 - Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Tordesillas which divides the New World between the two countries.
• 1654 - Louis XIV is crowned King of France.
• 1692 - Port Royal, Jamaica, is hit by a catastrophic earthquake; in just three minutes, 1,600 people are killed and 3,000 are seriously injured.
• 1776 - Richard Henry Lee presents the "Lee Resolution" to the Continental Congress. The motion is seconded by John Adams and leads to the United States Declaration of Independence.
• 1800 - David Thompson reaches the mouth of the Saskatchewan River in Manitoba.
• 1832 - Asian cholera reaches Quebec, brought by Irish immigrants, and kills about 6,000 people in Lower Canada.
• 1862 - The United States and Britain agree to suppress the slave trade.
• 1863 - During the French intervention in Mexico, Mexico City is captured by French troops.
• 1866 - 1,800 Fenian raiders are repelled back to the United States after they loot and plunder around Saint-Armand and Frelighsburg, Quebec.
• 1880 - War of the Pacific: The Battle of Arica, assault and capture of Morro de Arica (Arica Cape), that ended the Campaña del Desierto (Desert Campaign).
• 1892 - Benjamin Harrison becomes the first President of the United States to attend a baseball game.
• 1893 - Gandhi's first act of civil disobedience.
• 1905 - Norway's parliament dissolves its union with Sweden, a vote that was confirmed by a national plebiscite on August 13 of that year.
• 1906 - Cunard Line's RMS Lusitania is launched at the John Brown Shipyard, Glasgow (Clydebank), Scotland.
• 1909 - Mary Pickford made her screen debut at the age of 16.
• 1917 - World War I: Battle of Messines - Allied ammonal mines underneath German trenches in Mesen Ridge are detonated, killing 10,000 German troops.
• 1919 - Sette giugno: Riot in Malta; four are killed.
• 1936 - The Steel Workers Organizing Committee, a trade union, is founded in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Philip Murray is elected its first president.
• 1938 - The Douglas DC-4E makes its first test flight.
• 1940 - King Haakon VII of Norway, Crown Prince Olav and the Norwegian government leave Tromsø and go into exile in London.
• 1942 - World War II: The Battle of Midway ends.
• 1942 - World War II: Japanese soldiers occupy the American islands of Attu and Kiska, in the Aleutian Islands off Alaska.
• 1944 - World War II: Battle of Normandy - At Abbey Ardennes members of the SS Division Hitlerjugend massacre 23 Canadian prisoners of war.
• 1945 - King Haakon VII of Norway returns with his family to Oslo after five years in exile.
• 1945 - Benjamin Britten's opera Peter Grimes was premiered in London
• 1948 - Edvard Bene? resigns as President of Czechoslovakia rather than signing a Constitution making his nation a Communist state.
• 1955 - Lux Radio Theater signs off the air permanently. The show launched in New York in 1934, and featured radio adaptations of Broadway shows and popular films.
• 1965 - The Supreme Court of the United States decides on Griswold v. Connecticut, effectively legalizing the use of contraception by married couples.

• 1967 - The Israeli forces enter Jerusalem during the Six-Day War.
• 1968 - The body of assassinated U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy lies in state at St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York.
• 1971 - The United States Supreme Court overturns the conviction of Paul Cohen for disturbing the peace, setting the precedent that vulgar writing is protected under the First Amendment.
• 1975 - Sony introduces the Betamax videocassette recorder for sale to the public.
• 1977 - 500 million people watch on television as the high day of Jubilee gets underway for Queen Elizabeth II.
• 1981 - The Israeli Air Force destroys Iraq's Osiraq nuclear reactor during Operation Opera. The facility could have been used to make nuclear weapons.
• 1982 - Priscilla Presley opens Graceland to the public; the bathroom where Elvis Presley died five years earlier is kept off-limits.
• 1987 - Washington Dulles International Airport and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport are transferred to The Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority.
• 1989 - A Surinam Airways DC-8 Super 62 crashes near Paramaribo Airport, Suriname, killing 168.
• 1991 - Mount Pinatubo explodes generating an ash column 7 km (4.5 miles) high.
• 1995 - The long range Boeing 777 enters service with United Airlines.
• 1998 - James Byrd, Jr. is dragged to death by Shawn Allen Berry, Lawrence Russel Brewer, and John William King in Jasper, Texas in a racially-motivated hate crime.
• 2001 - Tony Blair's Labour Party wins another landslide victory in the General Election.
• 2006 - British Houses of Parliament temporarily shut down due to anthrax alert.

Births

• 1529 - Étienne Pasquier, French lawyer and man of letters (d. 1615)
• 1761 - John Rennie, Scottish engineer (d. 1821)
• 1770 - Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1828)
• 1778 - Beau Brummell, English fashion leader (d. 1840)
• 1811 - James Young Simpson, British obstetrician (d. 1870)
• 1831 - Amelia Edwards, English author and Egyptologist (d. 1892)
• 1837 - Alois Hitler, father of Adolf Hitler (d. 1903)
• 1840 - Charlotte of Belgium, Empress of Mexico (d. 1927)
• 1845 - Leopold Auer, Hungarian violinist and composer (d. 1930)
• 1848 - Paul Gauguin, French painter (d. 1903)
• 1862 - Philipp Lenard, Austrian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1947)
• 1868 - Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Scottish architect, designer, and illustrator (d. 1928)
• 1877 - Charles Glover Barkla, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1944)
• 1879 - Knud Rasmussen, Greenland-born explorer (d. 1933)
• 1883 - Sylvanus Morley, U.S. archaeologist and spy (d. 1948)
• 1886 - Henri Coand?, Romanian aerodynamics pioneer (d. 1972)
• 1894 - Alexander de Seversky, Russian-American aviation pioneer (d. 1974)
• 1896 - Robert S. Mulliken, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
• 1896 - Imre Nagy, Hungarian politician (d. 1958)
• 1896 - Douglas Campbell, American World War I flying ace (d. 1990)
• 1897 - George Szell, Hungarian conductor (d. 1970)
• 1899 - Elizabeth Bowen, Irish novelist (d. 1973)
• 1900 - Glen Gray, Jazz musician and leader of the Casa Loma Orchestra (d. 1963)
• 1902 - Herman B Wells, president and chancellor of Indiana University (d. 2000)
• 1909 - Virginia Apgar, American physician and childbirth specialist (d. 1974)
• 1909 - Peter W. Rodino, American politician (d. 2005)
• 1909 - Jessica Tandy, English-born actress (d. 1994)
• 1910 - Bradford Washburn, American explorer, (d. 2007)
• 1911 - Brooks Stevens, automotive designer (d. 1995)
• 1917 - Gwendolyn Brooks, American poet (d. 2000)
• 1917 - Dean Martin, American actor (d. 1995)
• 1920 - Georges Marchais, French politician (d. 1997)
• 1921 - Tal Farlow, American jazz guitarist (d. 1998)
• 1922 - Leo Reise, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1923 - Jules Deschênes, Canadian jurist (d. 2000)
• 1927 - Charles de Tornaco, Belgian racing driver (d. 1953)
• 1928 - Dave Bowen, former Wales international football manager (d. 1995)
• 1928 - James Ivory, American film director
• 1928 - Reg Park, British bodybuilder
• 1929 - John Turner, seventeenth Prime Minister of Canada
• 1929 - The Grand Wizard of Wrestling, Wrestling manager (d. 1983)
• 1931 - Malcolm Morley, English-born painter
• 1935 - Harry Crews, American author
• 1935 - Thomas Kailath, American engineer
• 1937 - Neeme Järvi, Estonian conductor
• 1938 - Goose Gonsoulin, American football player
• 1940 - Tom Jones, Welsh singer
• 1943 - Nikki Giovanni, American poet
• 1945 - Wolfgang Schüssel, Chancellor of Austria
• 1946 - Jenny Jones, Palestinian-born comedian and talk show host
• 1947 - Don Money, American baseball player, manager
• 1947 - Thurman Munson, American baseball player (d. 1979)
• 1950 - Gary Graham American actor
• 1952 - Liam Neeson, Northern Irish actor
• 1953 - Dougie Donnelly, Scottish television broadcaster
• 1953 - Johnny Clegg, South African musician
• 1954 - Louise Erdrich, American author
• 1955 - William Forsythe, American actor
• 1955 - Tim Richmond, American race car driver (d. 1989)
• 1956 - L.A. Reid, American music producer
• 1957 - Juan Luis Guerra, Dominican musician
• 1957 - Paddy McAloon, English singer and songwriter (Prefab Sprout)
• 1958 - Surakiart Sathirathai, Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand
• 1958 - Prince, American musician
• 1960 - Bill Prady, American television producer
• 1961 - Dave Catching, American musician
• 1962 - Thierry Hazard, French singer and songwriter
• 1962 - Takuya Kurosawa, Japanese racing driver
• 1962 - Michael Cartellone, American drummer (Lynyrd Skynyrd)
• 1963 - Roberto Alagna, French tenor
• 1964 - Judie Aronson, American actress
• 1964 - Gia Carides, Greek-Australian actress
• 1965 - Mick Foley, American professional wrestler
• 1965 - Damien Hirst, English artist
• 1966 - Stephane Richer, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1966 - Eric Kretz, American musician (Stone Temple Pilots)
• 1967 - Dave Navarro, American musician
• 1969 - Kim Rhodes, American actress
• 1969 - Prince Joachim of Denmark
• 1970 - Mike Modano, American ice hockey player
• 1970 - Cafu, Brazilian football player
• 1970 - Andrei Kovalenko, Russian ice hockey player
• 1971 - Alex X. Mooney, American politician
• 1972 - Karl Urban, New Zealand actor
• 1973 - Song Yun-ah, South Korean model and actress
• 1974 - Bear Grylls, British survivor
• 1974 - Cassius Khan Canadian Tabla player/vocalist
• 1974 - Mahesh Bhupathi, Indian tennis player
• 1975 - Allen Iverson, American basketball player
• 1976 - Necro, Jewish American rapper
• 1977 - Marcin Baszczy?ski, Polish football player
• 1977 - Joe Horgan, baseball player
• 1977 - Odalis Pérez, baseball player
• 1978 - Tony An, Korean singer (H.O.T)
• 1978 - Adrienne Frantz, American actress
• 1978 - Bill Hader, American comedian
• 1979 - Kevin Hofland, Dutch footballer
• 1981 - Anna Kournikova, Russian tennis player
• 1981 - Stephen Bywater, British goalkeeper
• 1981 - Tyler Johnson, baseball player
• 1981 - Kevin Kyle, Scottish footballer
• 1981 - Larisa Oleynik, American actress
• 1981 - Amrita Rao, Indian model and actress
• 1982 - Virgil Vasquez, American baseball player
• 1983 - Mark Lowe, American baseball player
• 1985 - Charlie Simpson, British pop singer
• 1988 - Michael Cera, American actor
• 1988 - Milan Lucic, Canadian Hockey player (Boston Bruins)
• 1993 - Jordan Fry, American actor

Deaths

• 1329 - Robert the Bruce, King of Scotland (b. 1274)
• 1358 - Ashikaga Takauji, Japanese shogun (b. 1305)
• 1394 - Anne of Bohemia, wife of Richard II of England (plague) (b. 1367)
• 1618 - Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, English Governor of Virginia (b. 1577)
• 1676 - Paul Gerhardt, German hymnist (b. 1606)
• 1711 - Henry Dodwell, Irish theologian (b. 1641)
• 1779 - William Warburton, English critic and Bishop of Gloucester (b. 1698)
• 1810 - Luigi Schiavonetti, Italian engraver (b. 1765)
• 1821 - Tudor Vladimirescu, Romanian rebellion-leader (b. cca. 1780)
• 1826 - Joseph von Fraunhofer, German physicist (b. 1787)
• 1840 - King Frederick William III of Prussia (b. 1770)
• 1854 - Charles Baudin, French admiral (b. 1792)
• 1859 - David Cox, English artist (b. 1783)
• 1866 - Chief Seattle, Native American leader
• 1896 - Pavlos Carrer, Greek composer (b. 1829)
• 1911 - Maurice Rouvier, French statesman (b. 1842)
• 1916 - Émile Faguet, French writer and critic (b. 1847)
• 1927 - Edmund James Flynn, Premier of Quebec (b. 1847)
• 1936 - Stjepan Seljan, Croatian explorer (b. 1875)
• 1937 - Jean Harlow, American actress (b. 1911)
• 1942 - Alan Blumlein, English electronics engineer (b. 1903)
• 1951 - Oswald Pohl, German Nazi leader (b. 1892)
• 1954 - Alan Turing, British mathematician and computer scientist (b. 1912)
• 1963 - Zasu Pitts, American actress (b. 1894)
• 1965 - Judy Holliday, American actress (b. 1921)
• 1966 - Jean Arp, Alsatian sculptor, painter, and poet (b. 1886)
• 1967 - Dorothy Parker, American writer (b. 1893)
• 1967 - Anatoly Maltsev, Russian mathematician (b. 1909)
• 1968 - Dan Duryea, American actor (b. 1907)
• 1970 - E. M. Forster, English author (b. 1879)
• 1978 - Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, British chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
• 1979 - Forrest Carter, American author (b. 1925)
• 1980 - Henry Miller, American writer (b. 1891)
• 1980 - Elizabeth Craig, British writer (b. 1883)
• 1988 - Vernon Washington, American actor (b. 1927)
• 1989 - Chico Landi, Brazilian racing driver (b. 1907)
• 1993 - Dra?en Petrovi?, Croatian basketball player (b. 1964)
• 1995 - Hsuan Hua, influential Buddhist master in the United States (b. 1918)
• 1996 - Max Factor, Jr., American businessman (b. 1904)
• 1999 - Paco Stanley, Mexican TV entertainer (b. 1942)
• 2001 - Carole Fredericks, American singer (Fredericks Goldman Jones) (b. 1952)
• 2001 - Víctor Paz Estenssoro, President of Bolivia (b. 1907)
• 2002 - Mary Lilian Baels, Belgian princess (b. 1916)
• 2003 - Trevor Goddard, English actor (b. 1962)
• 2006 - John Tenta, Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1963)
• 2006 - Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, Jordanian-born Mujahid (b. 1966)
• 2008 - Rudy Fernandez, Filipino actor (b. 1953)
• 2008 - Jim McKay, American sportscaster (b. 1921)

Holidays and observances

• Roman Empire - first day of the Vestalia (penus vestae) in honor of Vesta.
• Norway - Union Dissolution Day, observing the 1905 decision to dissolve the Union between Sweden and Norway.
• Malta - Sette giugno - Riot in Malta that began the road to self government and then independence.
• Colman, bishop of Dromore
• Saint Maximinus, bishop of Aix, confessor
• Blessed Robert, abbot of Newminster, Northumberland
• Saint Servatius, bishop, confessor or martyr (Translation day)
• Saint Wulstan, bishop of Worcester, confessor (Translation day)
• Blessed Meriadec, bishop of Vannes

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

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