The year 1965 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

Astronomy and space exploration

• February 20 - Ranger 8 crashes into the Moon after a successful mission of photographing possible landing sites for the Apollo program astronauts.
• March 23 - NASA launches Gemini 3 which is the United States' first two-person space flight took (crew: Gus Grissom and John Young).
• November 16 - Venera program: The Soviet Union launches the Venera 3 space probe from Baikonur, Kazakhstan toward Venus (on March 1, 1966 it became the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet).
• November 26 - At the Hammaguira launch facility in the Sahara Desert, France launches a Diamant-A rocket with its first satellite, Asterix-1 on board, becoming the third country to enter space.

Psychology

• Evolution and Modification of Behavior is published by Konrad Lorenz.

Awards

• Nobel Prizes
• Physics - Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, Julian Schwinger, Richard P. Feynman
• Chemistry - Robert Burns Woodward
• Medicine - François Jacob, André Lwoff, Jacques Monod

Births

Deaths

• August 28 - Giulio Racah (b. 1909), Israeli physicist.
• October 12 - Paul Hermann Müller (b. 1899), chemist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1948.

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