Year 1670 (MDCLXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1670

January - June

• January 21 - Highwayman Claude Duval is executed in Tyburn, Middlesex.
• April 29 - Pope Clement X succeeds Pope Clement IX as the 239th pope.
• May 2 - The Hudson's Bay Company is founded in England, but located in Canada.
• May 26 - In Dover, Charles II of England and Louis XIV of France sign a secret treaty ending hostilities between their kingdoms. Louis XIV will give Charles 200,000 pounds annually. In return Charles will relax the laws against Catholics, gradually re-Catholicize England, support French policy against the Dutch and convert to Catholicism himself.

July - December

• August - Spanish frigates attack Charleston, South Carolina.
• September 1 - September 5 - William Penn and William Mead are tried in London for preaching a Quaker sermon.
• November 24 - Louis XIV of France authorises work to commence on the construction of Les Invalides.

Undated

• Phosphorus is discovered by Hennig Brand.
• Blaise Pascal's Pensées is posthumously published.
• England gains formal possession of Jamaica.
• First French settlers arrive in modern-day Senegal.
• The rebellion of Cossacks in the Ukraine is crushed.
• Henry Morgan captures Panama.
• Niani, capital of the Mali Empire, is sacked by the Bambara of the emerging Segou Empire.
• The rebellion of Stenka Razin begins.

Births

• January 24 - William Congreve, English playwright (d. 1729)
• February 28 - Benjamin Wadsworth, American President of Harvard University (d. 1737)
• May 8 - Charles Beauclerk, 1st Duke of St Albans, English soldier (d. 1726)
• May 12 - King Frederick Augustus I of Poland (d. 1733)
• July 18 - Giovanni Bononcini, Italian composer (d. 1747)
• July 19 - Richard Leveridge, English bass and composer (d. 1758)
• August 21 - James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, French military commander (d. 1734)
• November 30 - John Toland, Irish philosopher (d. 1722)
• December 4 - John Aislabie, English politician and director of the South Sea Company (d. 1742)
• Sultan Abdullah Khan Abdali, Persian Governor of Herat, Shah of Herat (d. 1721)

Deaths

• January 3 - George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, English soldier (b. 1608)
• January 25 - Nicholas II, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1612)
• February 19 - King Frederick III of Denmark (b. 1609)
• March 10 - Johann Glauber, German chemist (b. 1604)
• March 15 - John Davenport, Connecticut pioneer (b. 1597)
• April - Ahom King Swargadeo Chakradhwaj Singha or Supangmung of Assam, India
• May 21 - Niccolò Zucchi, Italian astronomer and physicist (b. 1586)
• May 23 - Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1610)
• June 30 - Princess Henrietta Anne Stuart of Scotland, England, and Ireland (b. 1644)
• October 27 - Vavasor Powell, Welsh non-conformist leader (b. 1617)
• November 15 - Comenius, Czech writer (b. 1592)

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