Year 1664 (MDCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Friday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1664

January - June

• January 5 - Battle of Surat: The Maratha Chhatrapati Shivaji is defeated by the Inayat Khan of Mughal.
• March 12 - New Jersey becomes a colony of England.
• May 4 - Kronenbourg, a popular lager, is first produced.

July - December

• August 1 - Battle of Saint Gotthard: The Ottoman Empire is defeated by an Austrian army led by Raimondo Montecuccoli, resulting in the Peace of Vasvár.
• September 24 - Dutch Governor Peter Stuyvesant surrenders New Amsterdam to an English naval squadron commanded by Colonel Richard Nicolls.
• October 28 - The Admirals Regiment is formed, later known as the Royal Marines.

Undated

• The French East India Company is founded.
• The Marathas sack Surat.

Births

• January 4 - Lars Roberg, Swedish physician (d. 1742)
• January 20 - Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina, Italian writer and jurist (d. 1718)
• February 6 - Mustafa II, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1703)
• February 24 (baptized) - Thomas Newcomen, English inventor (d. 1729)
• March 12 - Maurice Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Zeitz (d. 1718)
• April 6 - Arvid Horn, Swedish statesman (d. 1742)
• April 30 - François Louis, Prince of Conti, French general (d. 1709)
• May 30 - Giulio Alberoni, Italian cardinal and statesman (d. 1754)
• July 18 - Franz Ludwig von Pfalz-Neuburg, Hochmeister of the Teutonic Order (d. 1732)
• July 21 - Matthew Prior, English poet and diplomat (d. 1721)
• September 5 - Charlotte Lee, Countess of Lichfield, illegitimate daughter of King Charles II of England (d. 1718)
• November 9 - Henry Wharton, English writer (d. 1695)

Deaths

• March 16 - Ivan Vyhovsky, Ukrainian Cossack leader
• March 19 - Francisco de Araujo, Spanish theologian (b. 1580)
• March 30 - Guru Har Krishan, Eighth Guru of Sikhism (b. 1656)
• April 4 - Adam Willaerts, Dutch painter (b. 1577)
• May 19 - Elisabeth de Bourbon-Vendôme, French princess (b. 1614)
• May 21 - Elizabeth Poole, Puritan/"foundress"/business woman (b. c. 1599)
• June 2 - Henry II, Duke of Guise (b. 1614)
• June 22 - Katherine Philips, Anglo-Welsh poet (b. 1631)
• July - Jan Janssonius, Dutch cartographer (b. 1588)
• July 16 - Andreas Gryphius, German writer (b. 1616)
• July 31 - Goschwin Nickel, Jesuit leader (b. 1582)
• August 24 - Maria Cunitz, Silesian astronomer (born 1610)
• August 27 - Francisco Zurbarán, Spanish painter (b. 1598)
• December 25 - Niccolò Ludovisi, Prince of Piombino (b. 1613)
• Lin Yiu, Chinese poet and painter (b. 1618)

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