Events

• 1862 - American Civil War: President Abraham Lincoln approves General Ambrose Burnside's plan to capture the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia, leading to the Battle of Fredericksburg.
• 1889 - Pioneering female journalist Nellie Bly (aka Elizabeth Cochrane) begins a successful attempt to travel around the world in less than 80 days. She completes the trip in seventy-two days.
• 1910 - Aviator Eugene Ely performs the first take off from a ship in Hampton Roads, Virginia. He took off from a makeshift deck on the USS Birmingham in a Curtiss pusher.
• 1918 - Czechoslovakia becomes a republic.
• 1921 - The Communist Party of Spain is founded.
• 1922 - The BBC begins radio service in the United Kingdom.
• 1923 - Kentaro Suzuki completes his ascent of Mount Iizuna.
• 1940 - World War II: In England, the city of Coventry is heavily bombed by German Luftwaffe bombers. Coventry Cathedral is almost completely destroyed.
• 1941 - World War II: The aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal sinks due to torpedo damage from U-81 sustained on November 13.
• 1952 - First regular UK singles chart published by the New Musical Express.
• 1957 - The Apalachin Meeting outside Binghamton, New York is raided by law enforcement, and many high level Mafia figures are arrested.
• 1965 - Vietnam War: Battle of the Ia Drang begins - the first major engagement between regular American and North Vietnamese forces.
• 1967 - The Congress of Colombia in commemoration of the 150 years of the death of Policarpa Salavarrieta, declares this day as "Day of the Colombian Woman".
• 1969 - Apollo program: NASA launches Apollo 12, the second manned mission to the surface of the Moon.
• 1970 - Southern Airlines Flight 932 crashes in the mountains near Huntington, West Virginia, killing 75, including members of the Marshall University football team.
• 1971 - His Holiness Shenouda III is consecrated as the 117th Patriarch of Alexandria and the See of St. Mark, the Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church.
• 1971 - Mariner program: Mariner 9 reaches Mars, becoming the first spacecraft to orbit another planet.
• 1972 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above 1,000 (1,003.16) for the first time.
• 1973 - In the United Kingdom, Princess Anne marries Captain Mark Phillips, in Westminster Abbey.
• 1975 - Spain abandons Western Sahara.
• 1979 - Iran hostage crisis: US President Jimmy Carter issues Executive order 12170, freezing all Iranian assets in the United States in response to the hostage crisis.
• 1982 - Lech Wa??sa, the leader of Poland's outlawed Solidarity movement, is released after eleven months of internment near the Soviet border.
• 1984 - Zamboanga City mayor Cesar Climaco, a prominent critic of the government of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos, is assassinated in his home city.
• 1990 - After German reunification, the Federal Republic of Germany and the Republic of Poland sign a treaty confirming the Oder-Neisse line as the border between Germany and Poland.
• 1991 - American and British authorities announce indictments against two Libyan intelligence officials in connection with the downing of the Pan Am Flight 103.
• 1991 - Cambodian Prince Norodom Sihanouk returns to Phnom Penh after thirteen years of exile.
• 1991 - In Royal Oak, Michigan, a fired United States Postal Service employee goes on a shooting rampage, killing four and wounding five before committing suicide.
• 1995 - A budget standoff between Democrats and Republicans in the U.S. Congress forces the federal government to temporarily close national parks and museums and to run most government offices with skeleton staffs.
• 2001 - War in Afghanistan: Afghan Northern Alliance fighters takeover the capital Kabul.
• 2002 - Argentina defaults on an $805 million World Bank payment.
• 2002 - The United States House of Representatives votes not to create an independent commission to investigate the September 11 attacks.
• 2007 - the last direct-current distribution by Con Edison was shut down.

Births

• 1567 - Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange (d. 1625)
• 1601 - Jean Eudes, French missionary (d. 1680)
• 1650 - King William III of England (d. 1702)
• 1719 - Leopold Mozart, Austrian composer (d. 1787)
• 1740 - Johann van Beethoven, Ludwig van Beethoven's father and first teacher (d. 1792)
• 1746 - Giulio Gabrielli the Younger, Italian Cardinal
• 1765 - Robert Fulton, American inventor (d. 1815)
• 1771 - Marie François Xavier Bichat, French anatomist and physiologist (d. 1802)
• 1776 - Henri Dutrochet, French physiologist (d. 1847)
• 1778 - Johann Nepomuk Hummel, Austrian pianist and composer (d. 1837)
• 1779 - Adam Gottlob Oehlenschläger, Danish poet (d. 1850)
• 1797 - Charles Lyell, British geologist (d. 1875)
• 1803 - Jacob Abbott, American writer (d. 1879)
• 1805 - Fanny Mendelssohn, German composer and pianist (d. 1847)
• 1812 - Aleardo Aleardi, Italian poet (d. 1878)
• 1812 - Maria Christina of Savoy, queen of the Two Sicilies (d. 1836)
• 1828 - James B. McPherson, American Civil War general (d. 1864)
• 1838 - August Senoa, Croatian writer (d. 1881)
• 1840 - Claude Monet, French painter (d. 1926)
• 1863 - Leo Hendrik Baekeland, Flemish-American chemist and inventor of the first synthetic plastic, Bakelite (d. 1944)
• 1875 - Jakob Schaffner, Swiss novelist (d. 1944)
• 1875 - Gregorio del Pilar, Filipino general (d. 1899)
• 1878 - Leopold Staff, Polish poet (d. 1957)
• 1878 - Julie Manet, French painter, daughter of Berthe Morisot (d. 1966)
• 1889 - Jawaharlal Nehru, First Prime Minister of India and Freedom Fighter (d.1964)
• 1891 - Frederick Banting, Canadian physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1941)
• 1895 - Walter Freeman, American physician (d. 1972)
• 1895 - Louise Huff, American actress (d. 1973)
• 1896 - Mamie Eisenhower, First Lady of the United States (d. 1979)
• 1898 - Benjamin Fondane, Romanian-French writer and filmmaker (d. 1944)
• 1900 - Aaron Copland, American composer (d. 1990)
• 1904 - Harold Larwood, English cricketer (d. 1995)
• 1904 - Dick Powell, American actor (d. 1963)
• 1905 - John Henry Barbee, American guitarist and singer (d. 1964)
• 1906 - Louise Brooks, American dancer, actress, and movie historian (d. 1985)
• 1907 - Howard W. Hunter, American religious leader (d. 1995)
• 1907 - Astrid Lindgren, Swedish writer (d. 2002)
• 1907 - William Steig, American children's book author (d. 2003)
• 1908 - Joseph McCarthy, U.S. Senator from Wisconsin (d. 1957)
• 1910 - Eric Malpass, English novelist (d. 1996)
• 1912 - Barbara Hutton, American socialite (d. 1979)
• 1912 - T. Y. Lin, Chinese-born civil engineer (d. 2003)
• 1915 - Martha Tilton, American singer (d. 2006)
• 1916 - Roger Apéry, Greek-French mathematician (d. 1994)
• 1916 - Sherwood Schwartz, American television writer and producer
• 1919 - Johnny Desmond, American singer (d. 1985)
• 1919 - Lisa Otto, German soprano
• 1919 - Veronica Lake, American actress (d. 1973)
• 1921 - Brian Keith, American actor (d. 1997)
• 1922 - Boutros Boutros-Ghali, Egyptian UN Secretary-General
• 1924 - Leonid Borisovitch Kogan, Russian violinist (d. 1982)
• 1927 - Bart Cummings, Australian race horse trainer
• 1927 - McLean Stevenson, American actor (d. 1996)
• 1927 - Narciso Yepes, Spanish classical guitarist (d. 1997)
• 1929 - Jimmy Piersall, American baseball player
• 1930 - Shirley Crabtree, professional wrestler (d. 1997)
• 1930 - Monique Mercure, French Canadian actress
• 1930 - Michael Robbins, British actor (d. 1992)
• 1930 - Edward White, American astronaut (d. 1967)
• 1933 - Fred Haise, American astronaut
• 1934 - Kurt Hamrin, Swedish soccer player
• 1934 - Catherine McGuinness, Irish Supreme Court Justice
• 1935 - King Hussein of Jordan (d. 1999)
• 1936 - Freddie Garrity, English singer (Freddie and the Dreamers) (d. 2006)
• 1936 - Cornell Gunter, American singer (The Coasters) (d. 1990)
• 1937 - Murray Oliver, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1939 - Wendy Carlos, American composer
• 1943 - Peter Norton, American software engineer
• 1945 - Paul Hirsch, American film editor
• 1945 - Stella Obasanjo, Nigerian First Lady (d. 2005)
• 1947 - P. J. O'Rourke, American writer
• 1947 - Bharathan, Malayalam film director (d. 1998)
• 1948 - Charles, Prince of Wales
• 1949 - James Young, American guitarist (Styx)
• 1951 - Zhang Yimou, Chinese film director
• 1951 - Frankie Banali, American rock drummer
• 1951 - Stephen Bishop, American musician
• 1953 - Dominique de Villepin, Prime Minister of France
• 1954 - Bernard Hinault, French cyclist
• 1954 - Condoleezza Rice, United States Secretary of State
• 1954 - Yanni, Greek musician & composer
• 1953 - Phil Baron, American voice actor
• 1955 - Koichi Nakano, Japanese cyclist
• 1956 - Alec John Such, American bassist (Bon Jovi)
• 1959 - Paul McGann, British actor
• 1960 - Tom Judson, American actor and composer
• 1961 - Gordon Jennison Noice, American actor
• 1961 - D. B. Sweeney, American actor
• 1961 - Antonio Flores, Spanish singer and songwriter (d. 1995)
• 1962 - Laura San Giacomo, American actress
• 1962 - Harland Williams, Canadian-born actor
• 1964 - Bill Hemmer, American television news reporter
• 1964 - Patrick Warburton, American actor
• 1964 - Rev Run, American rapper
• 1966 - Curt Schilling, American baseball player
• 1966 - Petra Roßner, German cyclist
• 1967 - Letitia Dean, British actress
• 1967 - Nina Gordon, American singer
• 1968 - Janine Lindemulder, American porn actress
• 1968 - Serge Postigo, Canadian actor
• 1969 - Butch Walker, recording artist
• 1970 - David Wesley, American basketball player
• 1971 - Adam Gilchrist, Australian cricketer
• 1971 - Marco Leonardi, Italian-Australian actor
• 1972 - Matthew Bloom, American professional wrestler
• 1972 - Josh Duhamel, American actor
• 1972 - Edyta Górniak, Polish singer
• 1972 - Martin Pike, Australian rules footballer
• 1972 - Aaron Taylor, American football player
• 1973 - Lawyer Milloy, American football player
• 1973 - Dana Snyder, American voice actor
• 1973 - Moka Only, Canadian musician
• 1974 - Matt Cedeño, Cuban-American actor
• 1974 - David Moscow, American actor
• 1974 - Adam Walsh, American murder victim (d. 1981)
• 1975 - Travis Barker, American musician (Blink 182, +44)
• 1975 - Faye Tozer, British musician (Steps)
• 1977 - Obie Trice, American rapper
• 1978 - Xavier Nady, American baseball player
• 1978 - Mersing Nguyen, American actress
• 1978 - Bobby Allen, American ice hockey player
• 1979 - Mavie Hörbiger, German actress
• 1979 - Jean-Alain Boumsong, French footballer
• 1979 - Tobin Esperance, American musician (Papa Roach)
• 1980 - Brock Pierce, American actor
• 1981 - Tom Ferrier, British racing driver
• 1983 - Lil Boosie, American rapper
• 1984 - Marija ?erifovi?, Serbian singer
• 1984 - Lisa De Vanna, Australian female footballer
• 1986 - Berta Grosser, German actress
• 1989 - Jake Livermore, English footballer
• 1990 - Jessie Jacobs, Australian actress and singer (d. 2008)

Deaths

• 565 - Justinian the Great, Byzantine Emperor (b. 483)
• 1226 - Frederick of Isenberg, German politician (executed) (b. 1193)
• 1263 - Alexander Nevsky, Grand Prince of Novgorod and Vladimir
• 1359 - Gregory Palamas, Archbishop of Thessalonica (b. 1296)
• 1391 - Nikola Taveli?, First Croatian saint (b. 1340)
• 1522 - Anne of France, Princess and Regent of France (b. 1461)
• 1556 - Giovanni della Casa, Italian poet (b. 1504)
• 1633 - William Ames, English philosopher (b. 1576)
• 1687 - Nell Gwynne, English mistress of Charles II of England (b. 1650)
• 1691 - Tosa Mitsuoki, Japanese painter (b. 1617)
• 1716 - Gottfried Leibniz, German philosopher and mathematician (b. 1646)
• 1734 - Louise de Kérouaille, Duchess of Portsmouth, French-born mistress of Charles II of England (b. 1649)
• 1746 - Georg Steller, German naturalist (b. 1709)
• 1817 - Policarpa Salavarrieta, Colombian revolutionary (b. 1795)
• 1825 - Jean Paul, German writer (b. 1763)
• 1829 - Louis Nicolas Vauquelin, French pharmacist (b. 1763)
• 1831 - Georg Hegel, German philosopher (b. 1770)
• 1831 - Ignaz Pleyel, Austrian-born French composer, music publisher and piano manufacturer (b. 1757)
• 1832 - Charles Carroll of Carrollton, American statesman (b. 1737)
• 1844 - John Abercrombie, British physician (b. 1780)
• 1866 - King Miguel of Portugal (b. 1802)
• 1872 - Pavel Kiselyov, Russian general and politician (b. 1788)
• 1907 - Andrew Inglis Clark, Australian politician (b. 1848)
• 1908 - The Guangxu Emperor of China, (b. 1871)
• 1914 - Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar, Malayalin journalist (b. 1861)
• 1915 - Booker T. Washington, American inventor (b. 1856)
• 1916 - Henry George, Jr., American politician (b. 1862)
• 1916 - Saki, British writer (b. 1870)
• 1937 - Jack O'Connor, American baseball player (b. 1869)
• 1944 - Carl Flesch, Hungarian violinist (b. 1873)
• 1946 - Manuel de Falla, Spanish composer (b. 1876)
• 1947 - Joseph Allard, French Canadian fiddler (b. 1873)
• 1971 - William Bendeck, Bolivian rally driver (b. 1934)
• 1972 - Martin Dies, Jr., American politician (b. 1900)
• 1974 - Johnny Mack Brown, American actor (b. 1904)
• 1977 - A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, Founder-Acarya of ISKCON (b. 1896)
• 1981 - Robert Bradford, Northern Irish footballer (b. 1941)
• 1984 - Cesar Climaco, Filipino politician (b. 1916)
• 1991 - Tony Richardson, English film director (b. 1928)
• 1992 - Ernst Happel, Austrian football coach (b. 1925)
• 1994 - Tom Villard, American actor (b. 1953)
• 1996 - John A. Cade, American politician (b. 1929)
• 1997 - Eddie Arcaro, American jockey (b. 1916)
• 1997 - Jack Pickersgill, Canadian politician (b. 1905)
• 2000 - Robert Trout, American journalist (b. 1908)
• 2001 - Charlotte Coleman, British actress (b. 1968)
• 2001 - Juan Carlos Lorenzo, Argentine footballer (b. 1922)
• 2002 - Eddie Bracken, American film actor (b. 1915)
• 2003 - Gene Anthony Ray, American actor (b. 1962)
• 2004 - Michel Colombier, French composer (b. 1939)

Holidays and observances

• Roman festivals - Equorum Probatio (The official cavalry parade of the equites)
• India - Birthday of Jawaharlal Nehru: Children's Day
• United States - National Children's Book Week begins
• Colombia - "Day of the Colombian Woman"
• Christian feast days
  • St. Josaphat Kuncevyc on the General Roman Calendar as in 1954
  • Barlaam of Kiev
  • Saint Philip, celebrated in Eastern Orthodox Church
• World Diabetes Day

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

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