April 10
Events
879 - Louis III becomes King of the Western Franks .
1407 - the lama Deshin Shekpa visits the Ming Dynasty capital at Nanjing . He is awarded with the title Great Treasure Prince of Dharma.
1500 - Ludovico Sforza is captured by the Swiss troops at Novara and is handed over to the French .
1606 - The Charter of the Virginia Company of London is established by royal charter by James I of England with the purpose of establishing colonial settlements in North America .
1710 - The first law regulating copyright is issued in Great Britain .
1741 - War of the Austrian Succession : Prussia defeats Austria in the Battle of Mollwitz .
1815 - The Mount Tambora volcano begins its peak eruption period that lasts until July 15 .
1816 - The United States Government approves the creation of the Second Bank of the United States .
1821 - Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople is hanged by the Turks from the main gate of the Patriarchate and his body is thrown into the Bosphorus .
1826 - The 10,500 inhabitants of the Greek town Messolonghi start leaving the town after a year's siege by Turkish forces. Very few of them survive.
1856 - The Theta Chi Fraternity is founded at Norwich University .
1857 - The Sepoy Mutiny popularly known as the "Revolt of 1857" broke out in Meerut , India as part of the Indian independence movement .
1858 - The original Big Ben , a 14.5 tonne bell for the Tower of London is cast in Stockton-on-Tees by Warner's of Cripplegate. This however cracked during testing and was recasted into the 13.76 tonne bell by Whitechapel Bell Foundry and is still in use to date.
1864 - Archduke Maximilian of Habsburg is elected emperor of Mexico .
1865 - American Civil War : A day after his surrender to Union forces, Confederate General Robert E. Lee addresses his troops for the last time.
1866 - The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) is founded in New York City by Henry Bergh .
1868 - At Arogee in Abyssinia , British and Indian forces defeat an army of Emperor Theodore . While 700 Ethiopians are killed and many more injured, only two die from the British/Indian troops.
1869 - José Martí founds the Cuban Revolutionary Party .
1874 - The first Arbor Day is celebrated in Nebraska .
1887 - On Easter Sunday , Pope Leo XIII authorizes the establishment of The Catholic University of America .
1912 - The RMS Titanic leaves port in Southampton , England for her first and only voyage.
1916 - The Professional Golfers Association of America (PGA) is created in New York City.
1919 - Mexican Revolution leader Emiliano Zapata is ambushed and shot dead by government forces in Morelos .
1925 - The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald is first published in New York City, by Charles Scribner's Sons .
1933 - New Deal : The Civilian Conservation Corps is created.
1941 - World War II : The Axis Powers in Europe establish the Independent State of Croatia from occupied Yugoslavia with Ante Paveli?'s Ustase fascist insurgents in power.
1944 - Rudolf Vrba and Alfred Wetzler escape from the Birkenau death camp.
1957 - The Suez Canal is reopened for all shipping after being closed for three months.
1959 - Akihito , future Emperor of Japan , weds Michiko .
1963 - 129 people die when the submarine USS Thresher sinks at sea.
1968 - Shipwreck of the New Zealand inter-island ferry TEV Wahine outside Wellington harbour.
1971 - Ping Pong Diplomacy : In an attempt to thaw relations with the United States, the People's Republic of China hosts the U.S. table tennis team for a weeklong visit.
1972 - 20 days after he was kidnapped in Buenos Aires , Oberdan Sallustro is executed by communist guerrillas.
1972 - Vietnam War : For the first time since November 1967 , American B-52 bombers reportedly begin bombing North Vietnam .
1973 - A British Vanguard turboprop crashes during a snowstorm at Basel , Switzerland killing 104.
1979 - Red River Valley Tornado Outbreak : A tornado lands in Wichita Falls, Texas killing 42 people.
1991 - Italian ferry Moby Prince collides with an oil tanker in dense fog off Livorno , Italy killing 140.
1991 - A rare tropical storm develops in the Southern Hemisphere near Angola ; the first to be documented by satellites .
1998 - The Belfast Agreement is signed.
Births
1389 - Cosimo de' Medici , ruler of Florence (d. 1464 )
1583 - Hugo Grotius , Dutch philosopher and writer (d. 1645 )
1651 - Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus , German mathematician (d. 1708 )
1656 - René Lepage de Ste-Claire , lord-founder of the town of Rimouski , in New France (d. 1718 )
1704 - Benjamin Heath , English classical scholar (d. 1766 )
1713 - John Whitehurst , English clockmaker and scientist (d. 1788 )
1735 - Button Gwinnett , Signer of the US Declaration of Independence (d. 1777 )
1755 - Samuel Hahnemann , German physician (d. 1843 )
1762 - Giovanni Aldini , Italian physicist (d. 1834 )
1778 - William Hazlitt , English writer (d. 1830 )
1794 - Matthew C. Perry , American commodore (d. 1858 )
1796 - James Bowie , American pioneer and soldier (d. 1836 )
1829 - William Booth , English founder of the Salvation Army (d. 1912 )
1837 - Forceythe Willson , American poet (d. 1867 )
1847 - Joseph Pulitzer , American journalist and publisher (d. 1911 )
1864 - Eugen d'Albert , German composer (d. 1932 )
1865 - Jack Miner , Canadian conservationist (d. 1944 )
1867 - George William Russell , Irish nationalist (d. 1935 )
1868 - George Arliss , English actor (d. 1946 )
1880 - Montague Summers , English writer (d. 1948 )
1880 - Mohammed Nadir Shah , Afghan king (d. 1933 )
1882 - Frances Perkins , American politician (d. 1965 )
1887 - Bernardo Houssay , Argentine physiologist, Nobel laureate (d. 1971 )
1894 - Shri Ghanshyam Das Birla , Indian industrialist (d. 1983 )
1897 - Ross Youngs , American baseball player (d. 1927 )
1903 - Claire Boothe Luce , American activist, (d. 1987 )
1910 - Paul Sweezy , American economist and editor (d. 2004 )
1911 - Martin Denny , American musician (d. 2005 )
1913 - Stefan Heym , German author (d. 2001 )
1915 - Harry Morgan , American actor
1917 - Robert Burns Woodward , American chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1979 )
1918 - Lee Bergere , American actor (d. 2007 )
1921 - Chuck Connors , American actor (d. 1992 )
1921 - Sheb Wooley , American actor and singer (d. 2003 )
1923 - Roger Gaillard , Haitian historian and novelist (d. 2000 )
1924 - Kenneth Noland , American painter
1926 - Junior Samples , American musician (d. 1983 )
1927 - Marshall Warren Nirenberg , American scientist, Nobel laureate
1929 - Mike Hawthorn , English race car driver (d. 1959 )
1929 - Max von Sydow , Swedish actor
1930 - Claude Bolling , French jazz composer/pianist
1930 - Dolores Huerta , American labor activist
1930 - Norma Candal , Puerto Rican actor/comedian (d. 2006 )
1930 - Spede Pasanen , Finnish comedian (d. 2001 )
1932 - Omar Sharif , Egyptian actor
1933 - Rokusuke Ei , Japanese lyricist and author
1934 - David Halberstam , American journalist and author (d. 2007 )
1934 - Vladimir Posner , Russian journalist
1935 - John A. Bennett , American convicted rapist (d. 1961 )
1936 - John Madden , American football coach and broadcaster
1937 - Bella Akhmadulina , Russian poet
1938 - Don Meredith , American football player and broadcaster
1940 - Gloria Hunniford , Northern Irish TV and radio presenter
1941 - Paul Theroux , American author
1942 - Ian Callaghan , English footballer
1942 - Nick Auf der Maur , Canadian journalist and politician (d. 1998 )
1943 - Andrzej Bade?ski , Polish athlete
1946 - David Angell , American television producer (d. 2001 )
1947 - Bunny Wailer , Jamaican musician
1950 - Ken Griffey, Sr. , American baseball player
1950 - Barry M. Riemer , American author
1950 - Eddie Hazel , American guitarist (P-Funk and The Temptations ) (d. 1992 )
1950 - Akiko Wada , Japanese singer and television performer
1951 - David Helvarg , American journalist and environmental activist
1951 - Steven Seagal , American actor
1954 - Peter MacNicol , American actor
1955 - Lesley Garrett , British soprano
1957 - John M. Ford , American science fiction author and poet (d. 2006 )
1957 - Steve Gustafson , American musician
1958 - Bob Bell , British engineer
1958 - Yefim Bronfman , Russian-born pianist
1958 - Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds , American music producer
1959 - Yvan Loubier , Quebec politician
1959 - Brian Setzer , American musician (Stray Cats )
1960 - Steve Bisciotti , American owner of the Baltimore Ravens
1960 - Katrina Leskanich , American musician
1961 - Joe Cole (roadie) , American roadie (d. 1991 )
1962 - Steve Tasker , American football player
1963 - Warren DeMartini , American musician
1963 - Doris Leuthard , member of the Swiss Federal Council
1965 - Tim Alexander , American musician
1967 - Donald Dufresne , Canadian ice hockey player
1968 - Orlando Jones , American actor and comedian
1969 - Billy Jayne , American actor
1969 - Ekaterini Koffa , Greek sprinter
1970 - Matt Barlow , American musician
1970 - Enrico Ciccone , Canadian ice hockey player
1970 - Leonard Dorin , Canadian boxer
1970 - Kenny Lattimore , American singer
1970 - Mike Mushok , American musician
1970 - Q-Tip , American musician
1971 - Al Reyes , Dominican baseball player
1973 - Guillaume Canet , French actor and film director
1973 - Roberto Carlos , Brazilian footballer
1973 - Aidan Moffat , Scottish musician
1973 - Christopher Simmons , American designer
1974 - Eric Greitens , American former military officer
1974 - Petros Passalis , Greek footballer
1975 - Chris Carrabba , American singer
1976 - Sara Renner , Canadian cross country skier
1979 - Shemekia Copeland , American singer
1979 - Rachel Corrie , American activist (d. 2003 )
1979 - Tsuyoshi Domoto , Japanese artist
1979 - Sophie Ellis-Bextor , English singer
1979 - Peter Kopteff , Finnish footballer
1980 - Sean Avery , Canadian ice hockey player
1980 - Charlie Hunnam , British actor
1980 - Kasey Kahne , American race-car driver
1980 - Bryce Soderberg , American musician
1981 - Laura Bell Bundy , American actor
1981 - Liz McClarnon , British singer
1981 - Michael Pitt , American actor
1981 - Alexei Semenov , Russian ice hockey player
1982 - Damián Lanza , Ecuadorian footballer
1982 - Chyler Leigh , American actress
1982 - Andre Ethier , American baseball player
1983 - Ryan Merriman , American actor
1984 - Mandy Moore , American singer/actor
1985 - Carlos Tevez , Argentine footballer
1985 - Dion Phaneuf , Canadian ice hockey player
1986 - Olivia Borlée , Belgian athlete
1986 - Vincent Kompany , Belgian footballer
1986 - Ayesha Takia , Indian actress
1987 - Hayley Westenra , New Zealand soprano
1988 - Haley Joel Osment , American actor
1990 - Lulinha , Brazilian footballer
1990 - Alex Pettyfer , English actor
1991 - Amanda Michalka , American actress/singer
2007 - Princess Ariane of the Netherlands , Dutch Princess
Deaths
879 - Louis the Stammerer , King of the West Franks (b. 846 )
948 - King Hugh of Italy
1533 - King Frederick I of Denmark (b. 1471 )
1545 - Costanzo Festa , Italian composer
1585 - Pope Gregory XIII (b. 1502 )
1599 - Gabrielle d'Estrée , mistress of King Henry IV of France (b. 1571 )
1601 - Mark Alexander Boyd , Scottish poet (b. 1562 )
1619 - Thomas Jones , Archbishop of Dublin (b. c1550 )
1640 - Agostino Agazzari , Italian composer (b. 1578 )
1646 - Santino Solari , Swiss architect and sculptor (b. 1576 )
1704 - William Egon of Fürstenberg , Bishop of Strassburg (b. 1629 )
1706 - Arthur Chichester, 3rd Earl of Donegall , Irish soldier (b. 1666 )
1756 - Giacomo Antonio Perti , Italian composer (d. 1661 )
1760 - Jean Lebeuf , French historian (b. 1687 )
1786 - John Byron , British naval officer (b. 1723 )
1813 - Joseph-Louis Lagrange , Italian-born mathematician (b. 1736 )
1823 - Karl Leonhard Reinhold , Austrian philosopher (b. 1757 )
1862 - W.H.L. Wallace , American Union general (b. 1821 )
1882 - Dante Gabriel Rossetti , English poet and painter (b. 1828 )
1904 - Queen Isabella II of Spain (b. 1830 )
1909 - Algernon Charles Swinburne , English poet and critic (b. 1837 )
1919 - Emiliano Zapata , Mexican revolutionary (b. 1879 )
1920 - Moritz Cantor , German mathematician (b. 1829 )
1931 - Khalil Gibran , Lebanese poet and painter (b. 1883 )
1938 - Joe "King" Oliver , American musician (b. 1885 )
1945 - Charles Nordhoff , English-born writer (b. 1887 )
1945 - H.N. Werkman , Dutch artist and printer (b. 1882 )
1954 - Auguste Lumière , French film pioneer (b. 1862 )
1954 - Oscar Mathisen , Norwegian speed skater (b. 1888 )
1955 - Teilhard de Chardin , French paleontologist and theologian (b. 1881 )
1958 - Chuck Willis , American singer and songwriter (b. 1928 )
1962 - Michael Curtiz , Hungarian-born director (b. 1886 )
1962 - Stuart Sutcliffe , English musician (The Beatles ) (b. 1940 )
1965 - Lloyd Casner , American race car driver and owner (b. 1928 )
1965 - Linda Darnell , American actress (b. 1923 )
1966 - Evelyn Waugh , English writer (b. 1903 )
1968 - Gustavs Celmins , Latvian politician (b. 1899 )
1969 - Harley J. Earl , American automobile designer (b. 1893 )
1975 - Marjorie Main , American actress (b. 1890 )
1979 - Nino Rota , Italian composer (b. 1911 )
1980 - Kay Medford , American actress (b. 1914 )
1986 - Linda Creed , American songwriter (b. 1948 )
1991 - Kevin Peter Hall , American actor (b. 1955 )
1991 - Natalie Schafer , American actress (b. 1900 )
1992 - Sam Kinison , American comedian (b. 1953 )
1993 - Chris Hani , South African activist (b. 1942 )
1994 - Sam B. Hall , American politician (b. 1924 )
1995 - Morarji Desai , Indian activist (b. 1896 )
1997 - Michael Dorris , American author (b. 1945 )
1999 - Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat , German-born biochemist (b. 1910 )
1999 - Jean Vander Pyl , American voice actress (b. 1919 )
2000 - Peter Jones , English actor (b. 1920 )
2000 - Larry Linville , American actor (b. 1939 )
2000 - Kirsten Rolffes , Danish actress (b. 1928 )
2003 - Little Eva , American singer (b. 1943 )
2005 - Norbert Brainin , Austrian violinist (b. 1923 )
2005 - Iakovos, Archbishop of America (b. 1911 )
2005 - Al Lucas , American football player (b. 1978 )
2005 - Scott Gottlieb , American Drummer (Bleed the Dream ) (b. 1970 )
2007 - Dakota Staton , American singer (b. 1930 )
Holidays and observances
External links
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